NUR 114 Exam 4 - Nursing Fundamentals & 2026 NCLE… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
✓ VERIFIED • 2026/2027 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NUR 114 Exam 4 - Nursing Fundamentals & 2026 NCLEX
Preparation 2026/2027 UPDATE
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
with Clear, Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations) / Study Guide
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Rationales
Grade: A+ Assured
ASSURED GRADE A+
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 1
,NUR 114 Exam 4 - Nursing Fundamentals & 2026 NCLE… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A patient presents with a serum potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which electrocardiogram
(ECG) finding is the nurse most likely to observe?
A. Prominent U waves
B. Tall, peaked T waves
C. Prolonged QT interval
D. ST-segment depression
Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperkalemia (potassium > 5.0 mEq/L) typically manifests on an ECG as tall, peaked T
waves, widened QRS complexes, and potentially lost P waves. U waves are associated with
hypokalemia. Knowing the reason behind the correct answer makes it easier to rule out the wrong
options quickly. Look for the choice that protects the client and matches the priority need. Clear
understanding of this concept improves both test performance and everyday clinical judgment.
Practice applying it to short case scenarios to lock the idea in place.
2. Which arterial blood gas (ABG) result would the nurse expect in a patient who has been
experiencing severe vomiting for 24 hours?
A. pH 7.30, PaCO2 50, HCO3 26
B. pH 7.48, PaCO2 40, HCO3 30
C. pH 7.32, PaCO2 35, HCO3 18
D. pH 7.50, PaCO2 28, HCO3 22
Answer: B
Rationale: Severe vomiting leads to the loss of hydrochloric acid from the stomach, resulting in
metabolic alkalosis. This is characterized by a high pH (>7.45) and a high bicarbonate level (>26
mEq/L). This knowledge supports safe care and helps the nurse teach the client and family clearly and
simply. Clear teaching improves cooperation and reduces anxiety. This knowledge supports safe care
and helps the nurse teach the client and family clearly and simply. Clear teaching improves
cooperation and reduces anxiety.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 2
, NUR 114 Exam 4 - Nursing Fundamentals & 2026 NCLE… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
3. A postoperative patient is diagnosed with malignant hyperthermia. What is the priority
pharmacological intervention?
A. Intravenous atropine
B. Intravenous furosemide
C. Subcutaneous insulin
D. Intravenous dantrolene sodium
Answer: D
Rationale: Dantrolene sodium is the specific skeletal muscle relaxant used to treat malignant
hyperthermia by inhibiting calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Understanding this helps
the nurse notice early warning signs and act before the problem gets worse. Early action often
prevents bigger complications for the client. Knowing the reason behind the correct answer makes it
easier to rule out the wrong options quickly. Look for the choice that protects the client and matches
the priority need.
4. A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen via
nasal cannula. Which oxygen flow rate is generally considered the maximum safe limit to
avoid suppressing the respiratory drive?
A. 2 L/min
B. 6 L/min
C. 10 L/min
D. is receiving oxygen via nasal cannula. Which oxygen flow rate is generally considered the
maximum safe limit to avoid suppressing the respiratory drive?
Answer: A
Rationale: In some patients with COPD, high levels of oxygen can suppress the hypoxic drive to
breathe. A low flow rate, typically 1-2 L/min, is often maintained unless higher levels are specifically
indicated and monitored. This is important because the nurse must choose the action that keeps the
client safest while still meeting their basic needs. Always think about safety first when answering these
questions. Understanding this helps the nurse notice early warning signs and act before the problem
gets worse. Early action often prevents bigger complications for the client.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 3
✓ VERIFIED • 2026/2027 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NUR 114 Exam 4 - Nursing Fundamentals & 2026 NCLEX
Preparation 2026/2027 UPDATE
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS & VERIFIED ANSWERS
with Clear, Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations) / Study Guide
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Rationales
Grade: A+ Assured
ASSURED GRADE A+
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 1
,NUR 114 Exam 4 - Nursing Fundamentals & 2026 NCLE… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A patient presents with a serum potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. Which electrocardiogram
(ECG) finding is the nurse most likely to observe?
A. Prominent U waves
B. Tall, peaked T waves
C. Prolonged QT interval
D. ST-segment depression
Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperkalemia (potassium > 5.0 mEq/L) typically manifests on an ECG as tall, peaked T
waves, widened QRS complexes, and potentially lost P waves. U waves are associated with
hypokalemia. Knowing the reason behind the correct answer makes it easier to rule out the wrong
options quickly. Look for the choice that protects the client and matches the priority need. Clear
understanding of this concept improves both test performance and everyday clinical judgment.
Practice applying it to short case scenarios to lock the idea in place.
2. Which arterial blood gas (ABG) result would the nurse expect in a patient who has been
experiencing severe vomiting for 24 hours?
A. pH 7.30, PaCO2 50, HCO3 26
B. pH 7.48, PaCO2 40, HCO3 30
C. pH 7.32, PaCO2 35, HCO3 18
D. pH 7.50, PaCO2 28, HCO3 22
Answer: B
Rationale: Severe vomiting leads to the loss of hydrochloric acid from the stomach, resulting in
metabolic alkalosis. This is characterized by a high pH (>7.45) and a high bicarbonate level (>26
mEq/L). This knowledge supports safe care and helps the nurse teach the client and family clearly and
simply. Clear teaching improves cooperation and reduces anxiety. This knowledge supports safe care
and helps the nurse teach the client and family clearly and simply. Clear teaching improves
cooperation and reduces anxiety.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 2
, NUR 114 Exam 4 - Nursing Fundamentals & 2026 NCLE… 2026/2027 • Verified • Assured Grade A+
3. A postoperative patient is diagnosed with malignant hyperthermia. What is the priority
pharmacological intervention?
A. Intravenous atropine
B. Intravenous furosemide
C. Subcutaneous insulin
D. Intravenous dantrolene sodium
Answer: D
Rationale: Dantrolene sodium is the specific skeletal muscle relaxant used to treat malignant
hyperthermia by inhibiting calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Understanding this helps
the nurse notice early warning signs and act before the problem gets worse. Early action often
prevents bigger complications for the client. Knowing the reason behind the correct answer makes it
easier to rule out the wrong options quickly. Look for the choice that protects the client and matches
the priority need.
4. A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen via
nasal cannula. Which oxygen flow rate is generally considered the maximum safe limit to
avoid suppressing the respiratory drive?
A. 2 L/min
B. 6 L/min
C. 10 L/min
D. is receiving oxygen via nasal cannula. Which oxygen flow rate is generally considered the
maximum safe limit to avoid suppressing the respiratory drive?
Answer: A
Rationale: In some patients with COPD, high levels of oxygen can suppress the hypoxic drive to
breathe. A low flow rate, typically 1-2 L/min, is often maintained unless higher levels are specifically
indicated and monitored. This is important because the nurse must choose the action that keeps the
client safest while still meeting their basic needs. Always think about safety first when answering these
questions. Understanding this helps the nurse notice early warning signs and act before the problem
gets worse. Early action often prevents bigger complications for the client.
Exam (Elaborations) • Detailed Rationales Page 3
