NBME CBSE COMPREHENSIVE EXAM
STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
●● What is the relative risk ratio for hip fractures among elderly women
who exercise regularly?
Answer: 1.2 (95% confidence interval of 1.1 to 1.8)
●● What is the most immediate treatment mechanism of action for chest
pain radiating to the jaw?
Answer: Increased nitric oxide concentration
●● What causes the formation of tissue in a wound from hot grease?
Answer: Increased activity of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
(VEGF), which stimulates angiogenesis
●● What is the effect of desmopressin on urine osmolarity?
Answer: Increases urine osmolarity due to activation of adenylyl cyclase
●● What is the likely infectious agent in a child with fever, cough, and
wheezing who attends daycare?
Answer: An agent that mediates cell entry via a fusion protein
,●● What pharmacotherapy is most appropriate for a patient with mild
wheezing after a bee sting?
Answer: B2-agonist
●● What is the diagnosis for a 14-year-old boy with a sore throat, fever,
and cervical lymphadenopathy?
Answer: Infectious Mononucleosis
●● What phase of the cell cycle is defective in a tumor that continues to
grow despite radiation therapy?
Answer: G1 phase
●● What is the diagnosis for a patient with bilateral hydroureter and
hydronephrosis, who lived in sub-Saharan Africa?
Answer: Schistosomiasis
●● What is the expected percentage of offspring with a two-gene
deletion from a couple with a-thalassemia?
Answer: 50%
●● What is the diagnosis for a previously healthy 40-year-old woman
with fever, lethargy, and low platelets?
Answer: Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
,●● What is the diagnosis for a 16-year-old boy with a knife wound to
the chest showing air-fluid levels?
Answer: Hemopneumothorax
●● What are the effects of atorvastatin and losartan on HDL and
triglycerides?
Answer: HDL increased, triglycerides decreased
●● What vitamin deficiency is indicated by diffuse weakness and
decreased sensation in a 73-year-old woman?
Answer: Vitamin B12 deficiency (cyanocobalamin)
●● What is the underlying cause of acne in a 15-year-old girl?
Answer: Stimulation of sebaceous glands by androgens
●● What process is indicated by a biopsy of a lesion in the jaw that
resembles Burkitt's lymphoma?
Answer: Apoptosis
●● What lymph nodes should be evaluated first for metastasis in a
patient with a tongue mass?
Answer: Submental lymph nodes
, ●● What pathogen is indicated by cysts and trophozoites found in a
lumbar puncture of a patient with confusion and agitation?
Answer: Naegleria fowleri
●● What drug is likely ingested by a patient showing hostility and
rigidity after being found with a blank stare?
Answer: PCP (Phencyclidine)
●● What is the likely result of a clinical trial with alpha set at 0.01
instead of 0.05?
Answer: Significant findings can be reported with greater confidence
●● What is the cause of amenorrhea in a 17-year-old gymnast with a
BMI of 15?
Answer: Low body weight leading to hormonal imbalance
●● What is hypogonadotropic hypogonadism?
Answer: A condition characterized by low levels of sex hormones due to
insufficient stimulation from the pituitary gland.
●● What is oligohydramnios?
Answer: A condition marked by a deficiency of amniotic fluid, which
can lead to complications during pregnancy.
STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS
●● What is the relative risk ratio for hip fractures among elderly women
who exercise regularly?
Answer: 1.2 (95% confidence interval of 1.1 to 1.8)
●● What is the most immediate treatment mechanism of action for chest
pain radiating to the jaw?
Answer: Increased nitric oxide concentration
●● What causes the formation of tissue in a wound from hot grease?
Answer: Increased activity of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor
(VEGF), which stimulates angiogenesis
●● What is the effect of desmopressin on urine osmolarity?
Answer: Increases urine osmolarity due to activation of adenylyl cyclase
●● What is the likely infectious agent in a child with fever, cough, and
wheezing who attends daycare?
Answer: An agent that mediates cell entry via a fusion protein
,●● What pharmacotherapy is most appropriate for a patient with mild
wheezing after a bee sting?
Answer: B2-agonist
●● What is the diagnosis for a 14-year-old boy with a sore throat, fever,
and cervical lymphadenopathy?
Answer: Infectious Mononucleosis
●● What phase of the cell cycle is defective in a tumor that continues to
grow despite radiation therapy?
Answer: G1 phase
●● What is the diagnosis for a patient with bilateral hydroureter and
hydronephrosis, who lived in sub-Saharan Africa?
Answer: Schistosomiasis
●● What is the expected percentage of offspring with a two-gene
deletion from a couple with a-thalassemia?
Answer: 50%
●● What is the diagnosis for a previously healthy 40-year-old woman
with fever, lethargy, and low platelets?
Answer: Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
,●● What is the diagnosis for a 16-year-old boy with a knife wound to
the chest showing air-fluid levels?
Answer: Hemopneumothorax
●● What are the effects of atorvastatin and losartan on HDL and
triglycerides?
Answer: HDL increased, triglycerides decreased
●● What vitamin deficiency is indicated by diffuse weakness and
decreased sensation in a 73-year-old woman?
Answer: Vitamin B12 deficiency (cyanocobalamin)
●● What is the underlying cause of acne in a 15-year-old girl?
Answer: Stimulation of sebaceous glands by androgens
●● What process is indicated by a biopsy of a lesion in the jaw that
resembles Burkitt's lymphoma?
Answer: Apoptosis
●● What lymph nodes should be evaluated first for metastasis in a
patient with a tongue mass?
Answer: Submental lymph nodes
, ●● What pathogen is indicated by cysts and trophozoites found in a
lumbar puncture of a patient with confusion and agitation?
Answer: Naegleria fowleri
●● What drug is likely ingested by a patient showing hostility and
rigidity after being found with a blank stare?
Answer: PCP (Phencyclidine)
●● What is the likely result of a clinical trial with alpha set at 0.01
instead of 0.05?
Answer: Significant findings can be reported with greater confidence
●● What is the cause of amenorrhea in a 17-year-old gymnast with a
BMI of 15?
Answer: Low body weight leading to hormonal imbalance
●● What is hypogonadotropic hypogonadism?
Answer: A condition characterized by low levels of sex hormones due to
insufficient stimulation from the pituitary gland.
●● What is oligohydramnios?
Answer: A condition marked by a deficiency of amniotic fluid, which
can lead to complications during pregnancy.
