PYC1501 FINAL PAPER UPDATED
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS BUNDLED REVIEW GUIDE
●● Empirical Method
Answer: The empirical method relies on systematic observation,
measurement, and experimentation to gather data and test hypotheses.
●● Structuralism
Answer: Focused on breaking down mental processes into their basic
components (e.g., sensations, feelings) via introspection.
●● Functionalism
Answer: Emphasized the purpose of behavior and mental processes—
how they help an organism adapt to its environment.
●● Behaviorism
Answer: Studied only observable behavior, arguing that all behavior is
learned through interaction with the environment.
●● Psychoanalysis
Answer: Founded by Freud; emphasized unconscious motives and
conflicts as drivers of behavior.
,●● Psychodynamic Perspective
Answer: Focuses on unconscious drives and early childhood
experiences.
●● Cognitive Perspective
Answer: Examines mental processes such as thinking, memory, and
problem-solving.
●● Physiological/Biological Perspective
Answer: Studies how brain structures, neurochemistry, and genetics
influence behavior.
●● Biopsychosocial Perspective
Answer: Integrates biological, psychological, and social factors.
●● Humanistic Perspective
Answer: Emphasizes personal growth, free will, and self-actualization.
●● Behavioral Perspective
Answer: Focuses on how learning and reinforcement shape behavior.
●● Experimental Psychologists
, Answer: Conduct research on basic psychological processes.
●● Clinical Psychologists
Answer: Diagnose and treat mental disorders (PhD or PsyD).
●● Counseling Psychologists
Answer: Help clients cope with life stressors and transitions.
●● Psychiatrists
Answer: Medical doctors who prescribe medication for mental disorders.
●● Scientific Method
Answer: A systematic approach involving (1) formulating a question, (2)
developing a hypothesis, (3) collecting data through observation or
experiment, (4) analyzing results, and (5) drawing conclusions.
●● Replication
Answer: Replication is repeating a study's methods to see if the same
results emerge, thereby verifying reliability.
●● Experiment
Answer: Manipulates one variable (IV) to observe its effect on another
(DV) with random assignment.
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS BUNDLED REVIEW GUIDE
●● Empirical Method
Answer: The empirical method relies on systematic observation,
measurement, and experimentation to gather data and test hypotheses.
●● Structuralism
Answer: Focused on breaking down mental processes into their basic
components (e.g., sensations, feelings) via introspection.
●● Functionalism
Answer: Emphasized the purpose of behavior and mental processes—
how they help an organism adapt to its environment.
●● Behaviorism
Answer: Studied only observable behavior, arguing that all behavior is
learned through interaction with the environment.
●● Psychoanalysis
Answer: Founded by Freud; emphasized unconscious motives and
conflicts as drivers of behavior.
,●● Psychodynamic Perspective
Answer: Focuses on unconscious drives and early childhood
experiences.
●● Cognitive Perspective
Answer: Examines mental processes such as thinking, memory, and
problem-solving.
●● Physiological/Biological Perspective
Answer: Studies how brain structures, neurochemistry, and genetics
influence behavior.
●● Biopsychosocial Perspective
Answer: Integrates biological, psychological, and social factors.
●● Humanistic Perspective
Answer: Emphasizes personal growth, free will, and self-actualization.
●● Behavioral Perspective
Answer: Focuses on how learning and reinforcement shape behavior.
●● Experimental Psychologists
, Answer: Conduct research on basic psychological processes.
●● Clinical Psychologists
Answer: Diagnose and treat mental disorders (PhD or PsyD).
●● Counseling Psychologists
Answer: Help clients cope with life stressors and transitions.
●● Psychiatrists
Answer: Medical doctors who prescribe medication for mental disorders.
●● Scientific Method
Answer: A systematic approach involving (1) formulating a question, (2)
developing a hypothesis, (3) collecting data through observation or
experiment, (4) analyzing results, and (5) drawing conclusions.
●● Replication
Answer: Replication is repeating a study's methods to see if the same
results emerge, thereby verifying reliability.
●● Experiment
Answer: Manipulates one variable (IV) to observe its effect on another
(DV) with random assignment.
