Adult Health Final
Exam Questions and
Correct Answers
User [Date] [Course title]
,The nurse suspects that a client is at risk for tuberculosis. Which risk factor should the nurse assess in
this client? (Select all that apply.)
A) Sharing clothes with an infected individual
B) Living in a poorly ventilated environment
C) Using injection drugs
D) Being an immigrant to the United States
E) Having a compromised immune system - Correct Answer: B, C, D, E
Other risk factors think "TB RISK":
T → tight living quarters
B → below poverty line
R → refugee
I → immunocompromised
S → substance abuse
K → kids < 5y/o
The nurse instructs a client with tuberculosis on the medication rifampin. Which client statement
indicates teaching has been effective? (Select all that apply.)
A) "I should take rifampin on an empty stomach."
B) "I need to monitor my vision daily by reading a newspaper."
C) "I should not take aspirin while I am taking rifampin."
D) "I should not be frightened if my urine changes to an orange-red color; it is a normal side effect."
E) "I need to take pyridoxine (vitamin B6) along with the rifampin." - Correct Answer: A, C, D
Answer B is important education for pt's on ethambutol
Answer E is pertinent for izoniazid (INH) to avoid peripheral neuropathy
During an assessment of a 45-year-old patient with asthma, the nurse notes wheezing and dyspnea. The
nurse interprets that these symptoms are related to what pathophysiologic change?
A) laryngospasm
B) pulmonary edema
C) narrowing of the airway
,D) over distention of the alveoli - Correct Answer: C. Narrowing of the airwayNarrowing of the airway by
persistent but variable inflammation leads to reduced airflow, making it difficult for the patient to
breathe and producing the characteristic wheezing. Laryngospasm, pulmonary edema, and
overdistention of the alveoli do not produce wheezing.
The patient has an order for each of the following inhalers. Which one should the nurse offer to the
patient at the onset of an asthma attack?
A) Albuterol
B) Salterm-11meterol
C) Beclomethasone
D) Ipratropium bromide - Correct Answer: A. Albuterol
Albuterol is a short-acting bronchodilator that should be given initially when the patient experiences an
asthma attack. Salmeterol (Serevent) is a long-acting β2-adrenergic agonist, which is not used for acute
asthma attacks. Beclomethasone (Qvar) is a corticosteroid inhaler and not recommended for an acute
asthma attack. Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) is an anticholinergic agent that is less effective than β2-
adrenergic agonists. It may be used in an emergency with a patient unable to tolerate short-acting β2-
adrenergic agonists (SABAs).
When providing discharge teaching to a patient who is newly diagnosed with asthma, which of these
points should the healthcare provider emphasize?
A) " eliminate or reduce exposure to known asthma triggers"
B) " measure and record your peak flow meter readings every month"
C) take a NSAID agent daily as part of your treatment "
D) " when you feel an attack is imminent, use your inhaled corticosteroid" - Correct Answer: A) "
eliminate or reduce exposure to known asthma triggers"
The nurse teaches pursed lip breathing to a patient who is newly diagnosed with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse reinforces that this technique will assist respiration by which
mechanism?
A) Loosening secretions so that they may be coughed up more easily
B) Promoting maximal inhalation for better oxygenation of the lungs
C) Preventing bronchial collapse and air trapping in the lungs during exhalation
D) Increasing the respiratory rate and giving the patient control of respiratory patterns - Correct Answer:
C. Preventing bronchial collapse and air trapping in the lungs during exhalation.
, The purpose of pursed lip breathing is to slow down the exhalation phase of respiration, which
decreases bronchial collapse and subsequent air trapping in the lungs during exhalation. It does not
affect secretions, inhalation, or increase the rate of breathing.
The client diagnosed with an exacerbation of COPD is in respiratory distress. Which intervention should
the nurse implement first?
A) Assist the client into a sitting position at 90 degrees.
B) Administer oxygen at 6 LPM via nasal cannula.
C) Monitor vital signs with the client sitting upright.
D) Notify the HCP about pt's status. - Correct Answer: A. Assist the client into a sitting position at 90
degrees.
The client should be assisted into a sitting position either on the side of the bed or in the bed. This
position decreases the work of breathing. Some clients find it easier to sitting on the side of the bed
leaning over the bed table. The nurse needs to maintain client's safety.
The nurse is assessing the client diagnosed with COPD. Which data requires immediate intervention by
the nurse?
A) Large amounts of thick white sputum.
B) Oxygen flowmeter set at 8lpm.
C) Use of accessory muscles during inspiration.
D) Presence of a barrel chest and dyspnea. - Correct Answer: B. Oxygen flowmeter set at 8lpm.
The nurse should decrease the oxygen rate to 2-3lpm. Hypoxemia is the stimulus for breathing in the
client with COPD. If the hypoxemia improves and the oxygen level increases, the drive to breathe may
be eliminated.
A patient has just been diagnosed with hypertension and has a new prescription for captopril (Capoten).
Which information is important to include when teaching the patient?
A) Check BP daily before taking the medication.
B) Increase fluid intake if dryness of the mouth is a problem.
C) Include high-potassium foods such as bananas in the diet.
D) Change position slowly to help prevent dizziness and falls. - Correct Answer: D) Change position
slowly to help prevent dizziness and falls.
Exam Questions and
Correct Answers
User [Date] [Course title]
,The nurse suspects that a client is at risk for tuberculosis. Which risk factor should the nurse assess in
this client? (Select all that apply.)
A) Sharing clothes with an infected individual
B) Living in a poorly ventilated environment
C) Using injection drugs
D) Being an immigrant to the United States
E) Having a compromised immune system - Correct Answer: B, C, D, E
Other risk factors think "TB RISK":
T → tight living quarters
B → below poverty line
R → refugee
I → immunocompromised
S → substance abuse
K → kids < 5y/o
The nurse instructs a client with tuberculosis on the medication rifampin. Which client statement
indicates teaching has been effective? (Select all that apply.)
A) "I should take rifampin on an empty stomach."
B) "I need to monitor my vision daily by reading a newspaper."
C) "I should not take aspirin while I am taking rifampin."
D) "I should not be frightened if my urine changes to an orange-red color; it is a normal side effect."
E) "I need to take pyridoxine (vitamin B6) along with the rifampin." - Correct Answer: A, C, D
Answer B is important education for pt's on ethambutol
Answer E is pertinent for izoniazid (INH) to avoid peripheral neuropathy
During an assessment of a 45-year-old patient with asthma, the nurse notes wheezing and dyspnea. The
nurse interprets that these symptoms are related to what pathophysiologic change?
A) laryngospasm
B) pulmonary edema
C) narrowing of the airway
,D) over distention of the alveoli - Correct Answer: C. Narrowing of the airwayNarrowing of the airway by
persistent but variable inflammation leads to reduced airflow, making it difficult for the patient to
breathe and producing the characteristic wheezing. Laryngospasm, pulmonary edema, and
overdistention of the alveoli do not produce wheezing.
The patient has an order for each of the following inhalers. Which one should the nurse offer to the
patient at the onset of an asthma attack?
A) Albuterol
B) Salterm-11meterol
C) Beclomethasone
D) Ipratropium bromide - Correct Answer: A. Albuterol
Albuterol is a short-acting bronchodilator that should be given initially when the patient experiences an
asthma attack. Salmeterol (Serevent) is a long-acting β2-adrenergic agonist, which is not used for acute
asthma attacks. Beclomethasone (Qvar) is a corticosteroid inhaler and not recommended for an acute
asthma attack. Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) is an anticholinergic agent that is less effective than β2-
adrenergic agonists. It may be used in an emergency with a patient unable to tolerate short-acting β2-
adrenergic agonists (SABAs).
When providing discharge teaching to a patient who is newly diagnosed with asthma, which of these
points should the healthcare provider emphasize?
A) " eliminate or reduce exposure to known asthma triggers"
B) " measure and record your peak flow meter readings every month"
C) take a NSAID agent daily as part of your treatment "
D) " when you feel an attack is imminent, use your inhaled corticosteroid" - Correct Answer: A) "
eliminate or reduce exposure to known asthma triggers"
The nurse teaches pursed lip breathing to a patient who is newly diagnosed with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse reinforces that this technique will assist respiration by which
mechanism?
A) Loosening secretions so that they may be coughed up more easily
B) Promoting maximal inhalation for better oxygenation of the lungs
C) Preventing bronchial collapse and air trapping in the lungs during exhalation
D) Increasing the respiratory rate and giving the patient control of respiratory patterns - Correct Answer:
C. Preventing bronchial collapse and air trapping in the lungs during exhalation.
, The purpose of pursed lip breathing is to slow down the exhalation phase of respiration, which
decreases bronchial collapse and subsequent air trapping in the lungs during exhalation. It does not
affect secretions, inhalation, or increase the rate of breathing.
The client diagnosed with an exacerbation of COPD is in respiratory distress. Which intervention should
the nurse implement first?
A) Assist the client into a sitting position at 90 degrees.
B) Administer oxygen at 6 LPM via nasal cannula.
C) Monitor vital signs with the client sitting upright.
D) Notify the HCP about pt's status. - Correct Answer: A. Assist the client into a sitting position at 90
degrees.
The client should be assisted into a sitting position either on the side of the bed or in the bed. This
position decreases the work of breathing. Some clients find it easier to sitting on the side of the bed
leaning over the bed table. The nurse needs to maintain client's safety.
The nurse is assessing the client diagnosed with COPD. Which data requires immediate intervention by
the nurse?
A) Large amounts of thick white sputum.
B) Oxygen flowmeter set at 8lpm.
C) Use of accessory muscles during inspiration.
D) Presence of a barrel chest and dyspnea. - Correct Answer: B. Oxygen flowmeter set at 8lpm.
The nurse should decrease the oxygen rate to 2-3lpm. Hypoxemia is the stimulus for breathing in the
client with COPD. If the hypoxemia improves and the oxygen level increases, the drive to breathe may
be eliminated.
A patient has just been diagnosed with hypertension and has a new prescription for captopril (Capoten).
Which information is important to include when teaching the patient?
A) Check BP daily before taking the medication.
B) Increase fluid intake if dryness of the mouth is a problem.
C) Include high-potassium foods such as bananas in the diet.
D) Change position slowly to help prevent dizziness and falls. - Correct Answer: D) Change position
slowly to help prevent dizziness and falls.
