,ASU NUR 352 Exam 2 | Fundamental Concepts in Nursing
(2026) Q&A
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a blood transfusion to a patient. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take first?
A) Obtain baseline vital signs.
B) Verify the patient's identity and the blood product with another licensed nurse.
C) Prime the blood tubing with normal saline.
D) Check the expiration date of the blood product.
Correct Answer: Verify the patient's identity and the blood product with another
licensed nurse.
Rationale: The two-nurse verification of the blood product and client identity is the
most critical step to prevent a transfusion reaction. Baseline vital signs are important
but should be obtained after verification. Priming the tubing and checking the
expiration date are also important but secondary to verification.
2. A patient is receiving a blood transfusion and develops sudden dyspnea, chest
pain, and hypotension. What is the most likely complication?
A) Febrile non-hemolytic reaction
B) Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
C) Allergic reaction
D) Transfusion-associated circulatory overload
Correct Answer: Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction.
,Rationale: Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions occur when incompatible blood is
transfused, causing rapid destruction of red blood cells. Symptoms include fever,
chills, dyspnea, chest pain, hypotension, and hemoglobinuria. This is a medical
emergency.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving a blood transfusion. The patient
develops hives and itching. What is the nurse's priority action?
A) Slow the infusion rate.
B) Stop the transfusion and administer an antihistamine as prescribed.
C) Continue the transfusion and document the finding.
D) Notify the healthcare provider after the transfusion is complete.
Correct Answer: Stop the transfusion and administer an antihistamine as prescribed.
Rationale: Hives and itching indicate an allergic transfusion reaction. The nurse
should stop the transfusion immediately, maintain IV access with normal saline, and
administer an antihistamine as prescribed. The provider should be notified promptly.
Continuing the transfusion could worsen the reaction.
4. A nurse is monitoring a patient for a transfusion reaction. Which of the following
findings is most indicative of a hemolytic transfusion reaction?
A) Urticaria and pruritus
B) Fever and chills
C) Low back pain and hemoglobinuria
D) Wheezing and stridor
Correct Answer: Low back pain and hemoglobinuria.
, Rationale: Low back pain and hemoglobinuria (red or dark urine) are classic signs of
an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction, indicating destruction of red blood cells.
Urticaria and pruritus are signs of an allergic reaction, fever and chills can occur in
febrile reactions, and wheezing suggests an anaphylactic reaction.
5. A nurse is preparing to initiate a blood transfusion. Which of the following is a pre-
procedure nursing responsibility? (Select all that apply.)
A) Confirm that the transfusion has been prescribed.
B) Verify that the patient has signed a written consent.
C) Check that the patient's blood has been typed and cross-matched.
D) Educate the patient about signs and symptoms of a transfusion reaction.
E) Administer a prophylactic diuretic to all patients.
Correct Answer: Confirm that the transfusion has been prescribed; Verify that the
patient has signed a written consent; Check that the patient's blood has been typed
and cross-matched; Educate the patient about signs and symptoms of a transfusion
reaction.
Rationale: Pre-procedure responsibilities include verifying the prescription, ensuring
signed consent, checking blood type and cross-match, and educating the patient
about potential reactions. Administering a prophylactic diuretic is not routine and
should be based on the patient's specific risk factors.
6. A nurse is caring for a patient with anemia. Which assessment finding is most
consistent with this condition?
A) Bounding pulse and hypertension
B) Pallor and fatigue
C) Jaundice and pruritus
D) Cyanosis and clubbing
(2026) Q&A
1. A nurse is preparing to administer a blood transfusion to a patient. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take first?
A) Obtain baseline vital signs.
B) Verify the patient's identity and the blood product with another licensed nurse.
C) Prime the blood tubing with normal saline.
D) Check the expiration date of the blood product.
Correct Answer: Verify the patient's identity and the blood product with another
licensed nurse.
Rationale: The two-nurse verification of the blood product and client identity is the
most critical step to prevent a transfusion reaction. Baseline vital signs are important
but should be obtained after verification. Priming the tubing and checking the
expiration date are also important but secondary to verification.
2. A patient is receiving a blood transfusion and develops sudden dyspnea, chest
pain, and hypotension. What is the most likely complication?
A) Febrile non-hemolytic reaction
B) Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction
C) Allergic reaction
D) Transfusion-associated circulatory overload
Correct Answer: Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction.
,Rationale: Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions occur when incompatible blood is
transfused, causing rapid destruction of red blood cells. Symptoms include fever,
chills, dyspnea, chest pain, hypotension, and hemoglobinuria. This is a medical
emergency.
3. A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving a blood transfusion. The patient
develops hives and itching. What is the nurse's priority action?
A) Slow the infusion rate.
B) Stop the transfusion and administer an antihistamine as prescribed.
C) Continue the transfusion and document the finding.
D) Notify the healthcare provider after the transfusion is complete.
Correct Answer: Stop the transfusion and administer an antihistamine as prescribed.
Rationale: Hives and itching indicate an allergic transfusion reaction. The nurse
should stop the transfusion immediately, maintain IV access with normal saline, and
administer an antihistamine as prescribed. The provider should be notified promptly.
Continuing the transfusion could worsen the reaction.
4. A nurse is monitoring a patient for a transfusion reaction. Which of the following
findings is most indicative of a hemolytic transfusion reaction?
A) Urticaria and pruritus
B) Fever and chills
C) Low back pain and hemoglobinuria
D) Wheezing and stridor
Correct Answer: Low back pain and hemoglobinuria.
, Rationale: Low back pain and hemoglobinuria (red or dark urine) are classic signs of
an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction, indicating destruction of red blood cells.
Urticaria and pruritus are signs of an allergic reaction, fever and chills can occur in
febrile reactions, and wheezing suggests an anaphylactic reaction.
5. A nurse is preparing to initiate a blood transfusion. Which of the following is a pre-
procedure nursing responsibility? (Select all that apply.)
A) Confirm that the transfusion has been prescribed.
B) Verify that the patient has signed a written consent.
C) Check that the patient's blood has been typed and cross-matched.
D) Educate the patient about signs and symptoms of a transfusion reaction.
E) Administer a prophylactic diuretic to all patients.
Correct Answer: Confirm that the transfusion has been prescribed; Verify that the
patient has signed a written consent; Check that the patient's blood has been typed
and cross-matched; Educate the patient about signs and symptoms of a transfusion
reaction.
Rationale: Pre-procedure responsibilities include verifying the prescription, ensuring
signed consent, checking blood type and cross-match, and educating the patient
about potential reactions. Administering a prophylactic diuretic is not routine and
should be based on the patient's specific risk factors.
6. A nurse is caring for a patient with anemia. Which assessment finding is most
consistent with this condition?
A) Bounding pulse and hypertension
B) Pallor and fatigue
C) Jaundice and pruritus
D) Cyanosis and clubbing
