N307 PEDIATRIC NURSING QUIZ 1 WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS AND RATIONALE
GRADED A+ UPDATED 2026 NEW!!
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
1. According to Erikson, the psychosocial developmental task of an infant (birth–1 year) is:
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Industry vs. Inferiority
D. Trust vs. Mistrust
Rationale: Erikson identified Trust vs. Mistrust as the first stage (birth–1 year). Consistent,
responsive caregiving helps the infant develop trust in the world.
2. A nurse expects a 4-month-old infant to be able to:
A. Sit without support
B. Transfer objects hand to hand
C. Hold head up steadily when held upright
D. Pull to stand
Rationale: By 4 months, infants have good head control and can hold their head steady. Sitting
without support occurs around 6 months, transferring objects around 6–7 months, and pulling to
stand around 9–10 months.
3. Piaget's sensorimotor stage applies to which age group?
A. Birth to 2 years
,B. 2 to 7 years
C. 7 to 11 years
D. 12 years and older
Rationale: Piaget's sensorimotor stage spans birth to approximately 2 years, during which infants
learn about the world through senses and motor activities.
4. A toddler repeatedly says "No!" when asked to do things. The nurse recognizes this as:
A. A sign of behavioral disorder
B. Normal development of autonomy
C. Evidence of parental neglect
D. Regression to an earlier stage
Rationale: According to Erikson, toddlers (1–3 years) are developing autonomy. Saying "no" is a
normal expression of independence and self-assertion.
5. Object permanence is typically achieved during which age?
A. 2–4 months
B. 4–6 months
C. 8–12 months
D. 18–24 months
Rationale: Object permanence—understanding that objects continue to exist even when out of
sight—develops around 8–12 months (late sensorimotor stage).
6. The posterior fontanelle typically closes by:
A. 2–3 months of age
B. 6 months of age
C. 12 months of age
,D. 18 months of age
Rationale: The posterior (triangular) fontanelle closes by approximately 2–3 months. The anterior
(diamond-shaped) fontanelle closes between 12–18 months.
7. A 3-year-old child who believes the sun goes to sleep at night is demonstrating which type of
thinking?
A. Concrete operational thinking
B. Animism
C. Conservation
D. Abstract reasoning
Rationale: Animism—attributing lifelike qualities to inanimate objects—is characteristic of the
preoperational stage (2–7 years) described by Piaget.
8. Which activity is most appropriate for a 6-month-old?
A. Riding a tricycle
B. Playing board games
C. Playing with colorful rattles and soft toys
D. Building with blocks
Rationale: At 6 months, infants enjoy grasping, mouthing, and shaking objects. Colorful rattles
provide visual and auditory stimulation appropriate for this age.
9. According to Erikson, the school-age child (6–12 years) is in which stage?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Industry vs. Inferiority
D. Identity vs. Role Confusion
, Rationale: School-age children develop a sense of industry through achievement and mastery of
skills. Failure to achieve may lead to feelings of inferiority.
10. The anterior fontanelle typically closes by what age?
A. 2–3 months
B. 6–8 months
C. 12–18 months
D. 24–36 months
Rationale: The anterior fontanelle normally closes between 12–18 months of age. Early or late
closure may indicate pathology and should be evaluated.
PEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT
11. When measuring blood pressure in a pediatric patient, the cuff bladder should cover what
percentage of the upper arm circumference?
A. 50%
B. 60%
C. 70%
D. 80%
Rationale: The cuff bladder should cover approximately 80% of the arm circumference. A cuff too
small gives a falsely high reading; too large gives a falsely low reading.
12. The most accurate method of temperature measurement in a newborn is:
A. Oral
B. Axillary
C. Tympanic
D. Forehead strip
CORRECT ANSWERS AND RATIONALE
GRADED A+ UPDATED 2026 NEW!!
GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
1. According to Erikson, the psychosocial developmental task of an infant (birth–1 year) is:
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Industry vs. Inferiority
D. Trust vs. Mistrust
Rationale: Erikson identified Trust vs. Mistrust as the first stage (birth–1 year). Consistent,
responsive caregiving helps the infant develop trust in the world.
2. A nurse expects a 4-month-old infant to be able to:
A. Sit without support
B. Transfer objects hand to hand
C. Hold head up steadily when held upright
D. Pull to stand
Rationale: By 4 months, infants have good head control and can hold their head steady. Sitting
without support occurs around 6 months, transferring objects around 6–7 months, and pulling to
stand around 9–10 months.
3. Piaget's sensorimotor stage applies to which age group?
A. Birth to 2 years
,B. 2 to 7 years
C. 7 to 11 years
D. 12 years and older
Rationale: Piaget's sensorimotor stage spans birth to approximately 2 years, during which infants
learn about the world through senses and motor activities.
4. A toddler repeatedly says "No!" when asked to do things. The nurse recognizes this as:
A. A sign of behavioral disorder
B. Normal development of autonomy
C. Evidence of parental neglect
D. Regression to an earlier stage
Rationale: According to Erikson, toddlers (1–3 years) are developing autonomy. Saying "no" is a
normal expression of independence and self-assertion.
5. Object permanence is typically achieved during which age?
A. 2–4 months
B. 4–6 months
C. 8–12 months
D. 18–24 months
Rationale: Object permanence—understanding that objects continue to exist even when out of
sight—develops around 8–12 months (late sensorimotor stage).
6. The posterior fontanelle typically closes by:
A. 2–3 months of age
B. 6 months of age
C. 12 months of age
,D. 18 months of age
Rationale: The posterior (triangular) fontanelle closes by approximately 2–3 months. The anterior
(diamond-shaped) fontanelle closes between 12–18 months.
7. A 3-year-old child who believes the sun goes to sleep at night is demonstrating which type of
thinking?
A. Concrete operational thinking
B. Animism
C. Conservation
D. Abstract reasoning
Rationale: Animism—attributing lifelike qualities to inanimate objects—is characteristic of the
preoperational stage (2–7 years) described by Piaget.
8. Which activity is most appropriate for a 6-month-old?
A. Riding a tricycle
B. Playing board games
C. Playing with colorful rattles and soft toys
D. Building with blocks
Rationale: At 6 months, infants enjoy grasping, mouthing, and shaking objects. Colorful rattles
provide visual and auditory stimulation appropriate for this age.
9. According to Erikson, the school-age child (6–12 years) is in which stage?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Industry vs. Inferiority
D. Identity vs. Role Confusion
, Rationale: School-age children develop a sense of industry through achievement and mastery of
skills. Failure to achieve may lead to feelings of inferiority.
10. The anterior fontanelle typically closes by what age?
A. 2–3 months
B. 6–8 months
C. 12–18 months
D. 24–36 months
Rationale: The anterior fontanelle normally closes between 12–18 months of age. Early or late
closure may indicate pathology and should be evaluated.
PEDIATRIC ASSESSMENT
11. When measuring blood pressure in a pediatric patient, the cuff bladder should cover what
percentage of the upper arm circumference?
A. 50%
B. 60%
C. 70%
D. 80%
Rationale: The cuff bladder should cover approximately 80% of the arm circumference. A cuff too
small gives a falsely high reading; too large gives a falsely low reading.
12. The most accurate method of temperature measurement in a newborn is:
A. Oral
B. Axillary
C. Tympanic
D. Forehead strip
