EVOLVE HESI FUNDAMENTALS STUDY
GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS SET
◉ Which response by a client with a nursing diagnosis of "Spiritual
distress," indicates to the nurse that a desired outcome measure has
been met?
A. Express concern about the meaning and importance of life.
B. Remains angry at God for the continuation of the illness.
C. Accepts that punishment from God is not related to illness.
D. Refuses to participate in religious rituals that have no meaning.
Answer: Acceptance that she is not being punished by God indicates
a desired outcome (C) for some degree of resolution of spiritual
distress. (A, B, and D) do not support the concept of grief, loss, and
cultural/spiritual acceptance.
Correct
Answer: C
◉ During shift change report, the nurse receives report that a client
has abnormal heart sounds. Which placement of the stethoscope
should the nurse use to hear the client's hear sounds?
,A. Place the stethoscope bell at random points on the posterior
chest.
B. Use the stethoscope bell over the valvular areas of the anterior
chest.
C. Move the diaphragm of the stethoscope over the left anterior
chest,
D. Position the diaphragm of the stethoscope at Erb's point on the
chest.
Answer: Abdominal heart sounds are best heard with the bell of the
stethoscope, which picks up lower-pitched sounds, that is placed at
points on the anterior chest (B). (A, C, and D) do not provide the best
assessment of abdominal heart valve sounds.
Correct
Answer: B
◉ A nurse is preparing to give medications through a nasogastric
feeding tube. Which nursing action should prevent complications
during administration?
A. Mix each medication individually.
B. Use sterile gloves for the procedure.
C. Monitor vital signs before giving medications.
,D. Mix all medications together to facilitate administration.
Answer: Medications should be mixed separately (A) to prevent
clumping. (B, C, and D) are not indicated.
Correct
Answer: A
◉ During the admission interview, which technique is most efficient
for the nurse to use when obtaining information about signs and
symptoms of a client's primary health problem?
A. Restatement of responses.
B. Open-ended questions.
C. Closed-ended questions.
D. Problem-seeking responses.
Answer: Lay descriptions of health problems can be vague and
nonspecific. To efficiently obtain specific information, the nurse
should use closed-ended questions (C) that focus on common signs
and symptoms about a client's health problem. (A, B, and D) are
used when therapeutically interacting and should be used after
specific information is obtained from the client.
Correct answer: C
, ◉ An older client who is a resident in a long term care facility has
been bedridden for a week. Which finding should the nurse identify
as a client risk factor for pressure ulcers?
A. Generalized dry skin.
B. Localized dry skin on lower extremities.
C. Red flush over entire skin surface.
D. Rashes in the axillary, groin, and skin fold regions.
Answer: Immobility, constant with bed clothing, and excessive heat
and moisture in areas where air flow is limited contributes to
bacterial and fungal growth, which increases the risk for rashes (D),
skin breakdown, and the development of pressure ulcers. (A, B, and
C) do not address the concepts of inflammation and tissue integrity.
Correct
Answer: D
◉ A client who has been NPO for 3 days is receiving an infusion of
D5W 0.45 normal saline (NS) with potassium chloride (KCl) 20 mEq
at 83 mL/hour. The client's eight-hour urine output is 400 mL blood
urea nitrogen (BUN) is 15 mg/dL, lungs are clear bilaterally, serum
glucose is 120 mg/dL, and the serum potassium is 3.7 mEq/L. Which
action is most important for the nurse to implement?
GUIDE 2026 COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS SET
◉ Which response by a client with a nursing diagnosis of "Spiritual
distress," indicates to the nurse that a desired outcome measure has
been met?
A. Express concern about the meaning and importance of life.
B. Remains angry at God for the continuation of the illness.
C. Accepts that punishment from God is not related to illness.
D. Refuses to participate in religious rituals that have no meaning.
Answer: Acceptance that she is not being punished by God indicates
a desired outcome (C) for some degree of resolution of spiritual
distress. (A, B, and D) do not support the concept of grief, loss, and
cultural/spiritual acceptance.
Correct
Answer: C
◉ During shift change report, the nurse receives report that a client
has abnormal heart sounds. Which placement of the stethoscope
should the nurse use to hear the client's hear sounds?
,A. Place the stethoscope bell at random points on the posterior
chest.
B. Use the stethoscope bell over the valvular areas of the anterior
chest.
C. Move the diaphragm of the stethoscope over the left anterior
chest,
D. Position the diaphragm of the stethoscope at Erb's point on the
chest.
Answer: Abdominal heart sounds are best heard with the bell of the
stethoscope, which picks up lower-pitched sounds, that is placed at
points on the anterior chest (B). (A, C, and D) do not provide the best
assessment of abdominal heart valve sounds.
Correct
Answer: B
◉ A nurse is preparing to give medications through a nasogastric
feeding tube. Which nursing action should prevent complications
during administration?
A. Mix each medication individually.
B. Use sterile gloves for the procedure.
C. Monitor vital signs before giving medications.
,D. Mix all medications together to facilitate administration.
Answer: Medications should be mixed separately (A) to prevent
clumping. (B, C, and D) are not indicated.
Correct
Answer: A
◉ During the admission interview, which technique is most efficient
for the nurse to use when obtaining information about signs and
symptoms of a client's primary health problem?
A. Restatement of responses.
B. Open-ended questions.
C. Closed-ended questions.
D. Problem-seeking responses.
Answer: Lay descriptions of health problems can be vague and
nonspecific. To efficiently obtain specific information, the nurse
should use closed-ended questions (C) that focus on common signs
and symptoms about a client's health problem. (A, B, and D) are
used when therapeutically interacting and should be used after
specific information is obtained from the client.
Correct answer: C
, ◉ An older client who is a resident in a long term care facility has
been bedridden for a week. Which finding should the nurse identify
as a client risk factor for pressure ulcers?
A. Generalized dry skin.
B. Localized dry skin on lower extremities.
C. Red flush over entire skin surface.
D. Rashes in the axillary, groin, and skin fold regions.
Answer: Immobility, constant with bed clothing, and excessive heat
and moisture in areas where air flow is limited contributes to
bacterial and fungal growth, which increases the risk for rashes (D),
skin breakdown, and the development of pressure ulcers. (A, B, and
C) do not address the concepts of inflammation and tissue integrity.
Correct
Answer: D
◉ A client who has been NPO for 3 days is receiving an infusion of
D5W 0.45 normal saline (NS) with potassium chloride (KCl) 20 mEq
at 83 mL/hour. The client's eight-hour urine output is 400 mL blood
urea nitrogen (BUN) is 15 mg/dL, lungs are clear bilaterally, serum
glucose is 120 mg/dL, and the serum potassium is 3.7 mEq/L. Which
action is most important for the nurse to implement?
