ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
1 (APHY 101) COMPLETE
GUIDE WITH ANSWERS-2026
What are the stomach secretions?
electrolytes , water, hydrochloric acid, mucous, etc.
What is pepsinogen?
Protein digestion secreted by gastric chief cells
What is the job of the duodenum of the large intestine?
Neutralizes acidic chyme and it produces enzymes
Describe the small intestine.
It has villi/microvilli which helps to absorb nutrients
What does the hepatic duct do?
Carry nutrients to the liver
,What is the junction between the small and large intestine?
The vermiform/appendix
What vitamin is absorbed by the small intestine?
Vitamin K
What is the role of insulin?
It induces the cellular uptake of glucose from the bloodstream (targets the
liver)
What is the role of glucagon?
It stimulates the breakdown of stores glycogen (targets liver)
What is the role of amylase in the gastric system?
Helps with digestion of starches
What is the role of lipase in the gastric system?
Helps with digestion of fats
What is the liver the site of?
Lipid metabolism
, What is the function of the endocrine system?
Secretes hormones into the circulatory system
What does the pancreas release?
Insulin
What is the job of the pancreas?
Signal the cells when to uptake sugar
Releases glucagon when the blood sugar levels drop
What happens if the pancreas doesn't do its job?
Type 1 diabetes occurs
Type 1 diabetes
Overactive immune system the body attacks the cells in the pancreas that
make insulin
What does the pineal gland release?
Melatonin
1 (APHY 101) COMPLETE
GUIDE WITH ANSWERS-2026
What are the stomach secretions?
electrolytes , water, hydrochloric acid, mucous, etc.
What is pepsinogen?
Protein digestion secreted by gastric chief cells
What is the job of the duodenum of the large intestine?
Neutralizes acidic chyme and it produces enzymes
Describe the small intestine.
It has villi/microvilli which helps to absorb nutrients
What does the hepatic duct do?
Carry nutrients to the liver
,What is the junction between the small and large intestine?
The vermiform/appendix
What vitamin is absorbed by the small intestine?
Vitamin K
What is the role of insulin?
It induces the cellular uptake of glucose from the bloodstream (targets the
liver)
What is the role of glucagon?
It stimulates the breakdown of stores glycogen (targets liver)
What is the role of amylase in the gastric system?
Helps with digestion of starches
What is the role of lipase in the gastric system?
Helps with digestion of fats
What is the liver the site of?
Lipid metabolism
, What is the function of the endocrine system?
Secretes hormones into the circulatory system
What does the pancreas release?
Insulin
What is the job of the pancreas?
Signal the cells when to uptake sugar
Releases glucagon when the blood sugar levels drop
What happens if the pancreas doesn't do its job?
Type 1 diabetes occurs
Type 1 diabetes
Overactive immune system the body attacks the cells in the pancreas that
make insulin
What does the pineal gland release?
Melatonin
