NURS 5350 IMMUNITY QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
What are the two types of immunity? - Answers - Innate (natural, fast, no memory) and
Adaptive (acquired, slower, specific, memory).
What is innate immunity? - Answers - Natural defenses: barriers + inflammation. No
memory.
What is adaptive immunity? - Answers - Specific defenses: B cells (antibodies), T cells
(kill/regulate). Has memory.
What are first-line defenses? - Answers - Skin, mucous membranes, stomach acid, cilia,
tears, coughing, sneezing, vomiting, urination, enzymes in sweat/saliva/earwax.
What triggers inflammation? - Answers - Infection, tissue damage, ischemia,
temperature extremes, radiation.
What are the signs of inflammation? - Answers - Redness, heat, swelling, pain, loss of
function.
What are the 3 plasma protein systems? - Answers - Complement, Clotting, Kinin.
What does the complement system do? - Answers - Destroys pathogens, helps
antibodies, opsonization, chemotaxis.
What does the clotting system do? - Answers - Stops bleeding, traps pathogens,
prevents spread.
What does the kinin system do? - Answers - Bradykinin → vasodilation, pain,
permeability.
What are mast cells? - Answers - Granule-filled cells near blood vessels. Key activators
of inflammation.
How do mast cells release chemicals? - Answers - Degranulation (histamine,
chemotactic factors) and synthesis (leukotrienes, prostaglandins, platelet-activating
factor).
What does histamine do? - Answers - Dilates small vessels, constricts large ones.
What is the role of H1 receptor? - Answers - Pro-inflammatory → bronchoconstriction.
ANSWERS
What are the two types of immunity? - Answers - Innate (natural, fast, no memory) and
Adaptive (acquired, slower, specific, memory).
What is innate immunity? - Answers - Natural defenses: barriers + inflammation. No
memory.
What is adaptive immunity? - Answers - Specific defenses: B cells (antibodies), T cells
(kill/regulate). Has memory.
What are first-line defenses? - Answers - Skin, mucous membranes, stomach acid, cilia,
tears, coughing, sneezing, vomiting, urination, enzymes in sweat/saliva/earwax.
What triggers inflammation? - Answers - Infection, tissue damage, ischemia,
temperature extremes, radiation.
What are the signs of inflammation? - Answers - Redness, heat, swelling, pain, loss of
function.
What are the 3 plasma protein systems? - Answers - Complement, Clotting, Kinin.
What does the complement system do? - Answers - Destroys pathogens, helps
antibodies, opsonization, chemotaxis.
What does the clotting system do? - Answers - Stops bleeding, traps pathogens,
prevents spread.
What does the kinin system do? - Answers - Bradykinin → vasodilation, pain,
permeability.
What are mast cells? - Answers - Granule-filled cells near blood vessels. Key activators
of inflammation.
How do mast cells release chemicals? - Answers - Degranulation (histamine,
chemotactic factors) and synthesis (leukotrienes, prostaglandins, platelet-activating
factor).
What does histamine do? - Answers - Dilates small vessels, constricts large ones.
What is the role of H1 receptor? - Answers - Pro-inflammatory → bronchoconstriction.
