NCTI PARAMEDIC PHARMACOLOGY CORE MAIN
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Terbutaine Sulfate
Dosage
Adult/Pediatric
How Supplied - ✔✔Dosage
Adult:
• 0.25 mg SQ, may repeat in 15-20 minutes
Pediatric:
• 0.01 mg/kg SQ, may repeat in 15-20 minutes
How Supplied
• 1 mg/mL ampules
✔✔Reteplase
Pharmacology/Onset of Action - ✔✔Recombinant plasminogen activator - degrading
fibrin matrix of clots, therefore destroying the clots
Onset of action: < 5 minutes
✔✔Reteplase - ✔✔Retevase
✔✔Reteplase
Indications/Contraindications - ✔✔Indications
• AMI after confirmation with 12 lead EKG (STEMI)
Contraindications
,• Active internal bleeding
• Stroke history
• Recent cranial or spinal surgery
• Intracranial tumor, aneurysm
• Bleeding disorder
• Severe hypertension
• Aortic dissection
✔✔Reteplase
Dosage/How supplied - ✔✔Dosage
Adult (only):
• 10 units IV over 2 minutes. In 30 minutes repeat and give second bolus of 10 units IV
over 2 minutes. (Give 20 units total)
Supply
A. 10 units in 2 mL vial
✔✔Reteplase
Precautions and Side Effects
Cardiovascular/Other - ✔✔Cardiovascular:
• Dysrhythmias
• Hypotension Gastrointestinal:
• N/V
Other:
• Bleeding
• Fever
✔✔Phenergran
Pharmacology and Actions/
Onset - ✔✔Histamine 1 receptor antagonist
• Blocks action of histamine
• Sedative
• Antimotion effects
• Antiemetic
• Anticholinergic activity
Onset of Action: 5 minutes IV, 20 minutes IM
✔✔Phenergran
Alternative name - ✔✔Promethazine
,✔✔Phenergran
Precautions and Side Effects - ✔✔Cardiovascular:
• Dysrhythmia Neurological:
• Decreased mental status, dizziness Gastrointestinal:
• N/V
Other:
• Hyperexcitability
• Dystonic reactions (muscle contractions) or EPS
✔✔Phenergran
Indications - ✔✔• Reduce the incidence of nausea/vomiting associated with narcotic
administration
• Motion sickness
• Potentiate the effects of analgesics
• Sedation
✔✔Phenergran
Contraindications - ✔✔• Hypersensitivity
• Unresponsive patients
• CNS depression from alcohol, narcotics, barbiturates or other CNS depressants
✔✔Phenergran
Dosage - ✔✔V. Dosage
Adult:
1. 10 - 25 mg IV/IM/IO Pediatrics:
1. 0.5 - 1mg/kg IV/IO/IM
VI. Supply
1. 25 mg in 5 mL vial
✔✔Amyl Nitrate
Pharmacology and Actions/
Onset of Actions - ✔✔A. Coronary vasodilation
B. Removes cyanide ion via a complex mechanism that converts it into a form that can
be degraded and eliminated C. Vasodilator and smooth muscle relaxant
Onset of Action: 10-30 seconds
✔✔Amyl Nitrate
, Indications/
Contraindications - ✔✔Indications
A. Cyanide poisoning (bitter almond smell to breath)
Contraindications
A. None when used for cyanide poisoning
✔✔Amyl Nitrate
Precautions and Side Effects - ✔✔Cardiovascular:
A. Hypotension
B. Tachycardia Neurological:
C. Headache Gastrointestinal:
D. Nausea
Other:
E. Has tendency for abuse
✔✔Amyl Nitrate
Dosage/
How Supplied - ✔✔Dosage
A. Adult: Inhalant -- "pearl" should be broken and inhaled for 15-30 seconds, repeat as
needed while symptoms persist.
B. Pediatric: dosage same as adult
How Supplied
Pearl drop
✔✔acetaminophen
Pharmacology and Actions - ✔✔• Prevents the formation of prostaglandins, responsible
for pain and inflammation
• Antipyretic
• Anti-inflammatory
• Analgesic
IV.
✔✔acetaminophen
Indications/
Fever - ✔✔II. Indications
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Terbutaine Sulfate
Dosage
Adult/Pediatric
How Supplied - ✔✔Dosage
Adult:
• 0.25 mg SQ, may repeat in 15-20 minutes
Pediatric:
• 0.01 mg/kg SQ, may repeat in 15-20 minutes
How Supplied
• 1 mg/mL ampules
✔✔Reteplase
Pharmacology/Onset of Action - ✔✔Recombinant plasminogen activator - degrading
fibrin matrix of clots, therefore destroying the clots
Onset of action: < 5 minutes
✔✔Reteplase - ✔✔Retevase
✔✔Reteplase
Indications/Contraindications - ✔✔Indications
• AMI after confirmation with 12 lead EKG (STEMI)
Contraindications
,• Active internal bleeding
• Stroke history
• Recent cranial or spinal surgery
• Intracranial tumor, aneurysm
• Bleeding disorder
• Severe hypertension
• Aortic dissection
✔✔Reteplase
Dosage/How supplied - ✔✔Dosage
Adult (only):
• 10 units IV over 2 minutes. In 30 minutes repeat and give second bolus of 10 units IV
over 2 minutes. (Give 20 units total)
Supply
A. 10 units in 2 mL vial
✔✔Reteplase
Precautions and Side Effects
Cardiovascular/Other - ✔✔Cardiovascular:
• Dysrhythmias
• Hypotension Gastrointestinal:
• N/V
Other:
• Bleeding
• Fever
✔✔Phenergran
Pharmacology and Actions/
Onset - ✔✔Histamine 1 receptor antagonist
• Blocks action of histamine
• Sedative
• Antimotion effects
• Antiemetic
• Anticholinergic activity
Onset of Action: 5 minutes IV, 20 minutes IM
✔✔Phenergran
Alternative name - ✔✔Promethazine
,✔✔Phenergran
Precautions and Side Effects - ✔✔Cardiovascular:
• Dysrhythmia Neurological:
• Decreased mental status, dizziness Gastrointestinal:
• N/V
Other:
• Hyperexcitability
• Dystonic reactions (muscle contractions) or EPS
✔✔Phenergran
Indications - ✔✔• Reduce the incidence of nausea/vomiting associated with narcotic
administration
• Motion sickness
• Potentiate the effects of analgesics
• Sedation
✔✔Phenergran
Contraindications - ✔✔• Hypersensitivity
• Unresponsive patients
• CNS depression from alcohol, narcotics, barbiturates or other CNS depressants
✔✔Phenergran
Dosage - ✔✔V. Dosage
Adult:
1. 10 - 25 mg IV/IM/IO Pediatrics:
1. 0.5 - 1mg/kg IV/IO/IM
VI. Supply
1. 25 mg in 5 mL vial
✔✔Amyl Nitrate
Pharmacology and Actions/
Onset of Actions - ✔✔A. Coronary vasodilation
B. Removes cyanide ion via a complex mechanism that converts it into a form that can
be degraded and eliminated C. Vasodilator and smooth muscle relaxant
Onset of Action: 10-30 seconds
✔✔Amyl Nitrate
, Indications/
Contraindications - ✔✔Indications
A. Cyanide poisoning (bitter almond smell to breath)
Contraindications
A. None when used for cyanide poisoning
✔✔Amyl Nitrate
Precautions and Side Effects - ✔✔Cardiovascular:
A. Hypotension
B. Tachycardia Neurological:
C. Headache Gastrointestinal:
D. Nausea
Other:
E. Has tendency for abuse
✔✔Amyl Nitrate
Dosage/
How Supplied - ✔✔Dosage
A. Adult: Inhalant -- "pearl" should be broken and inhaled for 15-30 seconds, repeat as
needed while symptoms persist.
B. Pediatric: dosage same as adult
How Supplied
Pearl drop
✔✔acetaminophen
Pharmacology and Actions - ✔✔• Prevents the formation of prostaglandins, responsible
for pain and inflammation
• Antipyretic
• Anti-inflammatory
• Analgesic
IV.
✔✔acetaminophen
Indications/
Fever - ✔✔II. Indications
