NUR 325 EXAM 1 ASU QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026

NUR 325 EXAM 1 ASU QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2026 generic name - Answers not capitalized, less expensive brand name - Answers commercial name, capitalized what are the different types of oral medications? - Answers liquid, tablet, capsule, powder which form absorbs the fastest? - Answers liquid which form absorbs the slowest? - Answers enteric coated tablet what are the 3 ways a drug can be delivered parenterally? - Answers intravenously, subcutaneously, intramuscularly which parenteral drug is fastest? - Answers IV pharmacokinetics - Answers movement of drugs from site of administration to various tissues 1st pass effect - Answers some of the drugs when passed though the liver may deactivate — reduces effect of drugs bioavailability - Answers amount of oral drug after passing through the liver parenteral drugs - Answers does not get affected by 1st pass effect because it goes directly to the vein or tissue what factors affect distribution to different parts of the body? - Answers -movement of drug by circulatory system to intended site of action -drugs enter the blood after they absorb through intestinal wall or alveoli in lungs or after direct/indirect injection -liver, heart, kidneys receive most of drugs because of their rich drug supply -bones or areas with natural barrier (brain) won't receive as much of the drug Metabolism (biotransformation) - Answers The biochemical alteration of a drug into an inactive metabolite, a more soluble compound, a more potent active metabolite, or a less active metabolite biotransformation - Answers when a drug is chemically altered during metabolism Where does metabolism take place? - Answers liver half life - Answers time it takes for a drug that enters the body to decrease in half onset - Answers the time it takes for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response peak - Answers The time it takes for a drug to reach its maximum therapeutic response duration - Answers time the drug lasts without additional doses peak level - Answers The maximum concentration of a drug in the body after administration, usually measured in a blood sample for therapeutic drug monitoring. trough level - Answers The lowest concentration of drug reached in the body after it falls from its peak level, usually measured in a blood sample for therapeutic drug monitoring. Why is peak & trough important? - Answers must maintain at a therapeutic level in the blood in order to be effective Pharmacodynamics - Answers Biochemical changes that occur in the body as a result of taking a drug adverse reactions - Answers a list of possible unpleasant or dangerous secondary effects other than the desired effect Therapeutic effect - Answers The desired or intended effect of a particular medication. "off-label" - Answers the use of drugs for unapproved indication or in an unapproved age group, dosage, or route of administration most severe adverse reaction - Answers anaphylactic shock clinical manifestations of anaphylactic shock - Answers swelling of eyes, mouth, face, and throat, difficultly breathing, wheezing, rapid HR, extremely low BP, eventually cardiac arrest drug tolerance - Answers body decreased response to a drug over a period of time or repeated use cumulative effect - Answers When the body cannot completely metabolize and excrete one drug dose before next dose is given drug toxicity - Answers excessive doses result in negative physiologic effects (can be irreversible) may lead to OVERDOSE precautions - Answers benefits outweigh the risk Contraindications - Answers drugs the provider should NOT prescribe because they have potential to cause serious or life-threatening adverse effects additive interaction - Answers medicines work together in a positive way (same effect x2) synergistic effect - Answers interaction of two or more medicines that results in a GREATER effect than when the medicines are taken alone antagonistic effect - Answers one drug interferes with the action of another teratogenic - Answers known to have potential to cause developmental defects in the embryo or fetus Pregnancy categories - Answers A, B, C, D, X what physiologic factors are important to consider when administering drugs to the aging patient? - Answers decreased cardiac output, decreased peristalsis, increased pH affects absorption and distribution, decreased renal and hepatic function Pain - Answers pain is defined as whatever the person experiencing the pain says it is describe the concept of pain - Answers pain is complex, multidimensional experience, with physiologic, affective, cognition, behavioral, and sociocultural dimensions that occurs in many patients and in all settinsg acute pain - Answers protective, temporary, self limiting, direct cause, and resolves with tissue healing, see changes in vital signs chronic pain - Answers not protective, ongoing or frequently occurs, lasts longer than 6 months, persists beyond tissue healing effects of untreated pain - Answers fear, anger, depression, anxiety, difficulty maintaining relationships neuropathic pain - Answers abnormal processing of pain message; burning, shooting in nature nociceptive pain - Answers damage to somatic or visceral tissue; most common type of pain; aching, throbbing, cramping breakthrough pain - Answers temporary flare-up of moderate to severe pain that occurs even when the patient is taking around-the-clock medication for persistent pain PQRSTU - Answers *PQRSTU* stands for *P*rovocative or palliative, *Q*uality or quantity, *R*egion or radiation, *S*cale, *T*iming, and *U*nderstanding the patient's perception of the problem. Nursing and collaborative interventions to effectively manage pain - Answers -schedule pain interventions as needed