NUR 641 E ALL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SET A+
✔✔Antibiotics inhibiting cell wall synthesis - ✔✔1. penicillins
2. cephalosporin
3. carbapenems
4. beta lactam
✔✔Antibiotics that inhibit specific bacteria proteins - ✔✔1. tetracycline
2. macrolide
3. azalide
4. aminoglycoside
✔✔Empiric antibiotic therapy - ✔✔1. patient history
2. site of infection
✔✔Primary cause of antimicrobial resistance - ✔✔indiscriminate use of antibiotics
✔✔Cause and result of cross resistance seen with penicillin and cephalosporins - ✔✔1.
medications contain beta lactam ring that the enzyme beta lactamase from an organism
can attack and destroy
2. render antibiotic ineffective not the organism
✔✔Antibiograms - ✔✔charts of local antimicrobial resistance patterns developed by
local laboratories
✔✔Clostridum Difficile (C-Diff) - ✔✔1. organism producing a toxin that causes antibiotic
associated pseudomembranous colitis (AAPMC)
2. diarrhea occurs often with clindamycin use
✔✔Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) patients - ✔✔increased
side effects when given along with sulfonamides
avoid use of sulfa drugs
✔✔Isoniazid (INH) - ✔✔1. used to treat TB
, 2.given with vitamin b6 to reduce peripheral neuropathy side effect
✔✔Tetracycline - ✔✔1. stunt growth in children and should not be used
2. doxcycline and minocycline are safe for teenagers
3. short term use in pregnant women require second contraceptive like condom until
she gets her period again
✔✔Heart patients undergoing dental procedures - ✔✔prophylactics antibiotics are not
required under current guidelines
✔✔medication used for right sided endocarditis due to staph - ✔✔Daptomycin
✔✔pyrogenic bacteria - ✔✔1.bacteria that produce endotoxins
2. stimulate inflammatory response that results in fever
✔✔Invasion period of infection - ✔✔immune and inflammatory responses are initiated
✔✔vertical transmission - ✔✔from parent to child transmission across the placental
barrier
✔✔Horizontal transmission - ✔✔transmission of organism from one person to another
typically through direct contact
✔✔Passive acquired immunity - ✔✔passages if immunoglobulin across the placental
barrier
✔✔Combination of Beta lactam and beta lactamase inhibitors - ✔✔1. increase the
antimicrobial spectrum of activity of beta lactam antibiotic
2. Augmentin combination of Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid
3.Zosyn: piperacillin and tazobactam used for pseudomonas
4. Unasyn: combination of ampicillin and sulbactam
5. ceftriaxone and sulbactam
✔✔Fluroquinolones - ✔✔1. pneumonia and exacerbated chronic bronchitis
2. decrease potential for development of further resistance
3. not active vs MRSA
4. interact with minerals in foods and vitamins
5. space dosing away from meals containing iron, calcium and magnesium
6. interact with dairy products and foods containing calcium and magnesium
7. increase warfarin effect
8. decrease caffeine clearance
9. require monitoring for joint pain
10. tendon rupture are associated with use
✔✔Antibiotics inhibiting cell wall synthesis - ✔✔1. penicillins
2. cephalosporin
3. carbapenems
4. beta lactam
✔✔Antibiotics that inhibit specific bacteria proteins - ✔✔1. tetracycline
2. macrolide
3. azalide
4. aminoglycoside
✔✔Empiric antibiotic therapy - ✔✔1. patient history
2. site of infection
✔✔Primary cause of antimicrobial resistance - ✔✔indiscriminate use of antibiotics
✔✔Cause and result of cross resistance seen with penicillin and cephalosporins - ✔✔1.
medications contain beta lactam ring that the enzyme beta lactamase from an organism
can attack and destroy
2. render antibiotic ineffective not the organism
✔✔Antibiograms - ✔✔charts of local antimicrobial resistance patterns developed by
local laboratories
✔✔Clostridum Difficile (C-Diff) - ✔✔1. organism producing a toxin that causes antibiotic
associated pseudomembranous colitis (AAPMC)
2. diarrhea occurs often with clindamycin use
✔✔Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) patients - ✔✔increased
side effects when given along with sulfonamides
avoid use of sulfa drugs
✔✔Isoniazid (INH) - ✔✔1. used to treat TB
, 2.given with vitamin b6 to reduce peripheral neuropathy side effect
✔✔Tetracycline - ✔✔1. stunt growth in children and should not be used
2. doxcycline and minocycline are safe for teenagers
3. short term use in pregnant women require second contraceptive like condom until
she gets her period again
✔✔Heart patients undergoing dental procedures - ✔✔prophylactics antibiotics are not
required under current guidelines
✔✔medication used for right sided endocarditis due to staph - ✔✔Daptomycin
✔✔pyrogenic bacteria - ✔✔1.bacteria that produce endotoxins
2. stimulate inflammatory response that results in fever
✔✔Invasion period of infection - ✔✔immune and inflammatory responses are initiated
✔✔vertical transmission - ✔✔from parent to child transmission across the placental
barrier
✔✔Horizontal transmission - ✔✔transmission of organism from one person to another
typically through direct contact
✔✔Passive acquired immunity - ✔✔passages if immunoglobulin across the placental
barrier
✔✔Combination of Beta lactam and beta lactamase inhibitors - ✔✔1. increase the
antimicrobial spectrum of activity of beta lactam antibiotic
2. Augmentin combination of Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid
3.Zosyn: piperacillin and tazobactam used for pseudomonas
4. Unasyn: combination of ampicillin and sulbactam
5. ceftriaxone and sulbactam
✔✔Fluroquinolones - ✔✔1. pneumonia and exacerbated chronic bronchitis
2. decrease potential for development of further resistance
3. not active vs MRSA
4. interact with minerals in foods and vitamins
5. space dosing away from meals containing iron, calcium and magnesium
6. interact with dairy products and foods containing calcium and magnesium
7. increase warfarin effect
8. decrease caffeine clearance
9. require monitoring for joint pain
10. tendon rupture are associated with use
