Test Bank - Pharmacology Clear and Simple: A Guide to Drug Classifications and Dosage Calculations, 4th Edition (Watkins, 2022), Chapter 1-21 | All Chapters

Test Bank For
Pharmacology Clear and Simple:
A Guide to Drug Classifications and Dosage Calculations,
4th Edition by Cynthia J. Watkins
Chapters 1 - 21
Chapter 1. History of Pharmacology
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Pharmacology Clear and Simple- oh oh oh




A Guide to Drug Classifications and Dosage Calculations 4thEdition Watkins Test Bank
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1.
A nurse working in radiology administers iodine to a patient who is having a compute
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dtomography (CT) scan. The nurse working on the oncology unit administers chemother
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o oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




apy to patients who have cancer. At the Public Health Department, a nurse administers
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a measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine to a 14-month-
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old child as a routine immunization. Which branch of pharmacology best describes the ac
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tions of all three nurses? oh oh oh oh




A) Pharmacoeconomics
B) Pharmacotherapeutics
C) Pharmacodynamics
D) Pharmacokinetics
ANSWER: B
Feedback:
Pharmacology is the study of the biologic effects of chemicals. Nurses are involved with oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




clinical pharmacology or pharmacotherapeutics, which is a branch of pharmacology th
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at deals with the uses of drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease.The radiology nur
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se is administering a drug to help diagnose a disease. The oncology nurse is administeri
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ng a drug to help treat a disease. Pharmacoeconomics includes any costs involved in dr
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ug therapy. Pharmacodynamics involves how a drug affects the body and pharmacokinet
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ics is how the body acts on the body.
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2.
A physician has ordered intramuscular (IM) injections of morphine, a narc
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otic, every 4 hours as needed for pain in a motor vehicle accident victim. The
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nurse is aware this drug has a high abuse potential. Under whatcategory wou
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ld morphine be classified?
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,A) Schedule I oh




B) Schedule II oh




C) Schedule III oh




D) Schedule IV oh




ANSWER: B
Feedback:
Narcotics with a high abuse potential are classified as Schedule II drugs becaus
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e of severe dependence liability. Schedule I drugs have high abuse potential a
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nd no accepted medical use. Schedule III drugs have a lesser abuse potential t
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han II and an accepted medical use. Schedule IV drugs havelow abuse potenti
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al and limited dependence liability.
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3.
When involved in phase III drug evaluation studies, what responsibiliti
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eswould the nurse have?
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o oh oh oh




A) Working with animals who are given experimental drugs oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




B) Choosing appropriate patients to be involved in the drug study oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




C) Monitoring and observing patients closely for adverse effects oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




D) Conducting research to determine effectiveness of the drug oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




ANSWER: C
Feedback:
Phase III studies involve use of a drug in a vast clinical population in whichpa
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tients are asked to record any symptoms they experience while taking thedrug
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s. Nurses may be responsible for helping collect and analyze the information t
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o be shared with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) butwould not con
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duct research independently because nurses do not prescribe medications. Us
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e of animals in drug testing is done in the preclinical trials. Select patients wh
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o are involved in phase II studies to participate in studies where the participan
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ts have the disease the drug is intended to treat. These patients are monitored
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closely for drug action and adverse effects. Phase I studies involve healthy hu
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man volunteers who are usually paid for their participation. Nurses may obser
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ve for adverse effects and toxicity.
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4.
What concept is considered when generic drugs are substituted for bran
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dname drugs?
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o oh




A) Bioavailability
B) Critical concentration oh




C) Distribution
D) Half-life
ANSWER: A

, Feedback:
Bioavailability is the portion of a dose of a drug that reaches the systemic circ oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




ulation and is available to act on body cells. Binders used in a generic drug ma
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y not be the same as those used in the brand name drug. Therefore, the way th
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e body breaks down and uses the drug may differ, which may eliminate a gene
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ric drug substitution. Critical concentration is the amount ofa drug that is nee
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ded to cause a therapeutic effect and should not differ between generic and bra
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nd name medications. Distribution is the phase of pharmacokinetics, which in
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volves the movement of a drug to the bodys tissues and is the same in generic
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and brand name drugs. A drugs half-
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life isthe time it takes for the amount of drug to decrease to half the peak level,
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o oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




which should not change when substituting a generic medication.
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5.
A nurse is assessing the patients home medication use. After listening to th
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epatient list current medications, the nurse asks what priority question?
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A) Do you take any generic medications?
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B) Are any of these medications orphan drugs?
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C) Are these medications safe to take during pregnancy?
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D) Do you take any over-the-counter medications?
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ANSWER: D
Feedback:
It is important for the nurse to specifically question use of over-the-
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counter medications because patients may not consider them important. The
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patient is unlikely to know the meaning of orphan drugs unless they too are he
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alth care providers. Safety during pregnancy, use of a generic medication, or c
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lassification of orphan drugs are things the patient would be unable to answer oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




but could be found in reference books if the nurse wishes to researchthem.
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6.
After completing a course on pharmacology for nurses, what will the nurs
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eknow?
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o




A) Everything necessary for safe and effective medication administration oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




B)
Current pharmacologic therapy; the nurse will not require on oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




goingeducation for 5 years. h
o oh oh oh




C)
General drug information; the nurse can consult a drug guide for sp oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




ecificdrug information. h
o oh




D)
The drug actions that are associated with each classificati oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




on ofmedication oh h
o




ANSWER: C

, Feedback:
After completing a pharmacology course nurses will have general drug inform
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ation needed for safe and effective medication administration but willneed to
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consult a drug guide for specific drug information before administering any m
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edication. Pharmacology is constantly changing, with new drugs entering the
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market and new uses for existing drugs identified.
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Continuing education in pharmacology is essential to safe practice. Nurses ten
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d to become familiar with the medications they administer most often, butther
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e will always be a need to research new drugs and also those the nurse is not fa
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miliar with because no nurse knows all medications.
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7.
A nurse is instructing a pregnant patient concerning the potential risk to her f
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etus from a Pregnancy Category B drug. What would the nurse inform the patie
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nt?
A)
Adequate studies in pregnant women have demonstrated there is n oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




o riskto the fetus.
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o oh oh




B)
Animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus, but there oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh o




h havebeen no adequate studies in pregnant women.
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o oh oh oh oh oh oh




C)
Animal studies have shown an adverse effect on the fetus, but the oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




re areno adequate studies in pregnant women.
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o oh oh oh oh oh




D)
There is evidence of human fetal risk, but the potential benefits fro oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




m useof the drug may be acceptable despite potential risks.
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o oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




ANSWER: B
Feedback:
Category B indicates that animal studies have not demonstrated a risk to thef
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etus. However, there have not been adequate studies in pregnant women to d
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emonstrate risk to a fetus during the first trimester of pregnancy and no evide
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nce of risk in later trimesters. Category A indicates that adequate studies in pr
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egnant women have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus in the first trimester
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or in later trimesters. Category C indicates that animal studieshave shown an
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adverse effect on the fetus, but no adequate studies in humans. Category D re
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veals evidence of human fetal risk, but the potential benefits from the use of t
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he drugs in pregnant women may outweigh potential risks.
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8.
Discharge planning for patients leaving the hospital should include instructiooh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh oh




ns on the use of over-the-
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counter (OTC) drugs. Which comment bythe patient would demonstrate a goo
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d understanding of OTC drugs?
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A) OTC drugs are safe and do not cause adverse effects if taken properly.
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