PPN 301 -Week 3: Pregnancy at Risk:
Social & Physiological Factors -Practice
Test Questions All Answered Correctly.
Adolescences Age Considerations Risks - Answer Adolescent individuals (ages 10 to 19 years)
are at increased risk for eclampsia, puerperal endometritis, and systemic infections
Maternal mortality
Perinatal complications are the leading cause of death for 15 to 19 years-old girls globally
Impact of Adolescents Pregnancy - Answer Social factors
Meeting developmental milestones
Still developing own independence
Social isolation
Lack of social support
Fear of child services
Stigma (actual & perceived)
Need to be perceived as a "good mother"
Even if this means not asking for help/staying with a non-supportive partner/not meeting own
needs
advanced maternal age risks - Answer Pregnancy > 35 years
Increased risk of:
Maternal death (even higher over 40)
Miscarriage
Stillbirth
Preterm
Low birth weight
Perinatal mortality
Down syndrome
Despite higher risk, overall risks are still low for women who are healthy, and free of pre-existing
disease
Women with disabilities - Answer Higher risk for social, economic & physical problems
Stigma/assumptions of care providers & family
Higher risk for social service involvement
,Need for pre-planning, social support
Intimate Partner Violence
People at risk during pregnancy - Answer Pre-pregnancy abuse
Women under 25
Substance use by woman or partner
Single or lone parents
Recently separated or process of ending a relationship
Indigenous women
Women with disability
Lesbian, bisexual, transgendered
Low SES
Intimate Partner Violence is Associated - Answer Associated with
preterm labour, prematurity, LBW, Neonatal & infant/maternal mortality
maternal depression, substance use
RADAR TOOL - Answer R: remember to ask routinely about IPV as a matter about IPV
A: Ask directly about violence
D: Document all findings
A: Assess you patient safety
R: review options with your patient
HITS Tools - Answer - H: hurt you
- I: insult you
- T: threaten you
- S: scream or curse at you
Role of CHN and IPV - Answer *Duty to report if there is a child under 16 in house
- More likely to disclose if she feels comfortable & trusts CHN
- Show that you believe the woman
- Reassure that there is help
- Do NOT JUDGE: Leaving an abusive relationship is a process that takes time
- Reinforce that abuse is not her fault; abuse is a crime
- Reinforce that partner's apologies will not end the abuse
, - Explain (without blaming) that abuse affects the developing fetus & other children in the
house
- Reinforce that woman's safety is paramount; ask if you can consult with local police if risk of
immediate danger is support
- Explore immediate concerns & needs to develop a plan of action
- Offer referral, provide information, leave numbers of resources
- Document interaction
Health Risk of Substance use - Answer - Cocaine, heroir, met, alcohol
Bleeding complications
Miscarriage
Stillbirth
Prematurity
Low birth weight
Sudden infant death syndrome
Congenital anomalies
Barriers to Treatment for Substances - Answer Guilt, fear, shame, fear of losing custody of child
Substance-use treatment programs usually do not address issues affecting pregnant women.
Long waiting lists for treatment and lack of women-only recovery spaces are further barriers to
treatment.
Legal Considerations for Substance Use - Answer Non-judgemental and person-centred
approach
Harm reduction model
Nurses should encourage prenatal care, counselling, and treatment
*drug testing during pregnancy is not a legal requirement in Canada
Harm Reduction for Substance Use approach - Answer Is a client-centred approach that seeks
to reduce the health and social harms associated with addiction and substance use, without
necessarily requiring people who use substances from abstaining or stopping
substance use nursing care - Answer Assess for a history of violence, abuse, and mental health
concerns, poverty and lack of housing and social supports
Ensure confidentiality
Non-judgemental, trauma-informed approach
Social & Physiological Factors -Practice
Test Questions All Answered Correctly.
Adolescences Age Considerations Risks - Answer Adolescent individuals (ages 10 to 19 years)
are at increased risk for eclampsia, puerperal endometritis, and systemic infections
Maternal mortality
Perinatal complications are the leading cause of death for 15 to 19 years-old girls globally
Impact of Adolescents Pregnancy - Answer Social factors
Meeting developmental milestones
Still developing own independence
Social isolation
Lack of social support
Fear of child services
Stigma (actual & perceived)
Need to be perceived as a "good mother"
Even if this means not asking for help/staying with a non-supportive partner/not meeting own
needs
advanced maternal age risks - Answer Pregnancy > 35 years
Increased risk of:
Maternal death (even higher over 40)
Miscarriage
Stillbirth
Preterm
Low birth weight
Perinatal mortality
Down syndrome
Despite higher risk, overall risks are still low for women who are healthy, and free of pre-existing
disease
Women with disabilities - Answer Higher risk for social, economic & physical problems
Stigma/assumptions of care providers & family
Higher risk for social service involvement
,Need for pre-planning, social support
Intimate Partner Violence
People at risk during pregnancy - Answer Pre-pregnancy abuse
Women under 25
Substance use by woman or partner
Single or lone parents
Recently separated or process of ending a relationship
Indigenous women
Women with disability
Lesbian, bisexual, transgendered
Low SES
Intimate Partner Violence is Associated - Answer Associated with
preterm labour, prematurity, LBW, Neonatal & infant/maternal mortality
maternal depression, substance use
RADAR TOOL - Answer R: remember to ask routinely about IPV as a matter about IPV
A: Ask directly about violence
D: Document all findings
A: Assess you patient safety
R: review options with your patient
HITS Tools - Answer - H: hurt you
- I: insult you
- T: threaten you
- S: scream or curse at you
Role of CHN and IPV - Answer *Duty to report if there is a child under 16 in house
- More likely to disclose if she feels comfortable & trusts CHN
- Show that you believe the woman
- Reassure that there is help
- Do NOT JUDGE: Leaving an abusive relationship is a process that takes time
- Reinforce that abuse is not her fault; abuse is a crime
- Reinforce that partner's apologies will not end the abuse
, - Explain (without blaming) that abuse affects the developing fetus & other children in the
house
- Reinforce that woman's safety is paramount; ask if you can consult with local police if risk of
immediate danger is support
- Explore immediate concerns & needs to develop a plan of action
- Offer referral, provide information, leave numbers of resources
- Document interaction
Health Risk of Substance use - Answer - Cocaine, heroir, met, alcohol
Bleeding complications
Miscarriage
Stillbirth
Prematurity
Low birth weight
Sudden infant death syndrome
Congenital anomalies
Barriers to Treatment for Substances - Answer Guilt, fear, shame, fear of losing custody of child
Substance-use treatment programs usually do not address issues affecting pregnant women.
Long waiting lists for treatment and lack of women-only recovery spaces are further barriers to
treatment.
Legal Considerations for Substance Use - Answer Non-judgemental and person-centred
approach
Harm reduction model
Nurses should encourage prenatal care, counselling, and treatment
*drug testing during pregnancy is not a legal requirement in Canada
Harm Reduction for Substance Use approach - Answer Is a client-centred approach that seeks
to reduce the health and social harms associated with addiction and substance use, without
necessarily requiring people who use substances from abstaining or stopping
substance use nursing care - Answer Assess for a history of violence, abuse, and mental health
concerns, poverty and lack of housing and social supports
Ensure confidentiality
Non-judgemental, trauma-informed approach
