PPN 301 – Final Exam Questions with
Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2026/2027
Updated.
Intellectual Disability (DI) definition - Answer any type of mental difficulty/deficiency
What impairment included in DI - Answer general intellectual functioning ie. reasoning,
learning, problem solving, social skills, & adaptive behaviors
onset of DI - Answer before 18 years of age
diagnosis of DI - Answer some instances, at birth
global developmental delay - Answer less than 5 years old, with significant delay in early
childhood developmental milestones in 2 or more domains of development
domains of development in DI - Answer gross/fine motor, speech/language, cognition,
social/personal, ADLs
nursing care of child with DI - Answer developmental milestones, early intervention &
education, teaching child self-care skills, promoting child's optimal development, encouraging
play & exercise
promoting inclusive nursing care - Answer means of communication, discipline, socialization,
info on sexuality, help families to adjust to future care, care during hospitalization
down syndrome commonality - Answer most common chromosome abnormality worldwide,
most common genetic cause of cognitive impairment
etiology of down syndrome - Answer nonfamilial trisomy 21, extra chromosome 21 in majority
of cases
diagnostic eval of down syndrome - Answer clinical manifestations, chromosome analysis,
physical problems
clinical manifestations of down syndrome - Answer Square head with upward slant to eyes
Flat nasal bridge, protruding tongue
,Hypotonia
hypotonia - Answer muscle weakness
physical problems of down syndrome - Answer congenital heart disease, hypothyroidism,
leukemia
therapeutic management of down syndrome - Answer therapies: surgery to correct congenital
abnormalities, eval of hearing & sight, testing of thyroid func.
nursing care of down syndrome - Answer support of family, assisting family to prevent physical
challenges, prenatal diagnosis & genetic counselling
autism spectrum disorders (ASD) - Answer neurodevelopmental disorders
ASD impairments - Answer social communication, repetitive & restricted patterns of
behaviour, unusual sensory sensitivites/interests
ASD clinical manifestations & diagnostic eval - Answer failure of social interaction &
communication development (hallmark)
early signs of ASD in young children - Answer emotional disconnection, sensitivity to external
stimuli, lack of empathy & limited range of emotions, unresponsiveness to usual human
interactions, difficulty in controlling emotions & physical reactions, delayed language
development, nonverbal over verbal communication, diminished ability to decipher meaning of
others' facial expression/demeanor, tendency to exhibit repetit
prognosis of ASD - Answer improved or overcome, depends on severity
therapeutic management - Answer medications, non-pharm interventions, hormonal therapy
nursing care - Answer interprofessional care, structured & intensive behaviour modification
programs, supporting family
trends in caring for children with complex conditions - Answer developmental focus, family
centered care, shared decision-making, normalization
parents of children with complex/chronic conditions - Answer parental roles, lone-parent
families
, siblings of children with complex/chronic conditions - Answer promote healthy sibling
relationships, help siblings cope, involve siblings
coping with ongoing stress & periodic crises - Answer concurrent stress within the family,
coping mechanisms, parental empowerment
assisting family members in managing feelings - Answer shock & denial, adjustment,
reintegration & acknowledgement, support system (situational crisis)
transitional care - Answer children with special needs should continue their schooling asap
goals for home care - Answer normalize the life of a child with special needs, minimize
disruptive impact of child's condition on the family, foster their max growth & development
effective home care - Answer intermittent skilled nursing visits, private-duty nursing
home care need - Answer child at risk, chronically ill but stable child with multiple care needs,
education for caregiver on skills, skilled procedures, tech-dependent child, pain
management/palliative care, regularly scheduled visits
home care assessment interventions - Answer as-needed home visits, assistance with
transportation, regular visits, assessment of pt & family status
services that support effective home care - Answer - adequate family educ. & prep.
- primary HCP willing to oversee medical aspects of home care, professional caregivers trained
- developmental intervention (physio, OT
- speech therapy, early intervention)
- supportive therapies (RT)
- well designed & maintained equipment
- social/psychological support
- high-quality respite care
- home renovation, telephone/internet/computer
- transportation, emergency facilities nearby
- competent care management
- safe environment
Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2026/2027
Updated.
Intellectual Disability (DI) definition - Answer any type of mental difficulty/deficiency
What impairment included in DI - Answer general intellectual functioning ie. reasoning,
learning, problem solving, social skills, & adaptive behaviors
onset of DI - Answer before 18 years of age
diagnosis of DI - Answer some instances, at birth
global developmental delay - Answer less than 5 years old, with significant delay in early
childhood developmental milestones in 2 or more domains of development
domains of development in DI - Answer gross/fine motor, speech/language, cognition,
social/personal, ADLs
nursing care of child with DI - Answer developmental milestones, early intervention &
education, teaching child self-care skills, promoting child's optimal development, encouraging
play & exercise
promoting inclusive nursing care - Answer means of communication, discipline, socialization,
info on sexuality, help families to adjust to future care, care during hospitalization
down syndrome commonality - Answer most common chromosome abnormality worldwide,
most common genetic cause of cognitive impairment
etiology of down syndrome - Answer nonfamilial trisomy 21, extra chromosome 21 in majority
of cases
diagnostic eval of down syndrome - Answer clinical manifestations, chromosome analysis,
physical problems
clinical manifestations of down syndrome - Answer Square head with upward slant to eyes
Flat nasal bridge, protruding tongue
,Hypotonia
hypotonia - Answer muscle weakness
physical problems of down syndrome - Answer congenital heart disease, hypothyroidism,
leukemia
therapeutic management of down syndrome - Answer therapies: surgery to correct congenital
abnormalities, eval of hearing & sight, testing of thyroid func.
nursing care of down syndrome - Answer support of family, assisting family to prevent physical
challenges, prenatal diagnosis & genetic counselling
autism spectrum disorders (ASD) - Answer neurodevelopmental disorders
ASD impairments - Answer social communication, repetitive & restricted patterns of
behaviour, unusual sensory sensitivites/interests
ASD clinical manifestations & diagnostic eval - Answer failure of social interaction &
communication development (hallmark)
early signs of ASD in young children - Answer emotional disconnection, sensitivity to external
stimuli, lack of empathy & limited range of emotions, unresponsiveness to usual human
interactions, difficulty in controlling emotions & physical reactions, delayed language
development, nonverbal over verbal communication, diminished ability to decipher meaning of
others' facial expression/demeanor, tendency to exhibit repetit
prognosis of ASD - Answer improved or overcome, depends on severity
therapeutic management - Answer medications, non-pharm interventions, hormonal therapy
nursing care - Answer interprofessional care, structured & intensive behaviour modification
programs, supporting family
trends in caring for children with complex conditions - Answer developmental focus, family
centered care, shared decision-making, normalization
parents of children with complex/chronic conditions - Answer parental roles, lone-parent
families
, siblings of children with complex/chronic conditions - Answer promote healthy sibling
relationships, help siblings cope, involve siblings
coping with ongoing stress & periodic crises - Answer concurrent stress within the family,
coping mechanisms, parental empowerment
assisting family members in managing feelings - Answer shock & denial, adjustment,
reintegration & acknowledgement, support system (situational crisis)
transitional care - Answer children with special needs should continue their schooling asap
goals for home care - Answer normalize the life of a child with special needs, minimize
disruptive impact of child's condition on the family, foster their max growth & development
effective home care - Answer intermittent skilled nursing visits, private-duty nursing
home care need - Answer child at risk, chronically ill but stable child with multiple care needs,
education for caregiver on skills, skilled procedures, tech-dependent child, pain
management/palliative care, regularly scheduled visits
home care assessment interventions - Answer as-needed home visits, assistance with
transportation, regular visits, assessment of pt & family status
services that support effective home care - Answer - adequate family educ. & prep.
- primary HCP willing to oversee medical aspects of home care, professional caregivers trained
- developmental intervention (physio, OT
- speech therapy, early intervention)
- supportive therapies (RT)
- well designed & maintained equipment
- social/psychological support
- high-quality respite care
- home renovation, telephone/internet/computer
- transportation, emergency facilities nearby
- competent care management
- safe environment
