BSNC 6000 Final Exam Questions with
Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2026-2027
Updated.
What is hypersensitivity? - Answer A persons immune system reacts in a way that damages
them rather than protecting them
What is type III hypersensitivity? - Answer Antigen-antibody complexes deposit into blood
vessel walls causing inflammation and tissue damage
what cells produce antibody? - Answer plasma cells
what is type 1 hypersensitivity? - Answer presence of IgE specific to an allergen
what is the MOI of type 1 hypersensitivity? - Answer histamine stimulates mucus secretion in
the nasal passages and tears that leads to inflammation
what are examples of type 1 hypersensitivity? - Answer (atopic diseases) allergic reactions,
asthma, dermatitis, and anaphylaxis
what is the immune mechanism of type II hypersensitivity? - Answer anti-body mediated
immune reaction where antibodies like IgG or IgM are directed against cells. This is an
autoreactive antibody that targets its own tissues.
What is the MOI of type II hypersensitivity? - Answer cellular destruction, functional loss, and
tissue damage d/t antibodies targeting the body.
examples of type II hypersensitivity and where are they commonly seen - Answer autoimmune
diseases, infections, cytopenias, and hemolytic anemias. seen in transplants and blood
transfusions.
What is the immune mechanism of type III hypersensitivity? - Answer mediated by immune
complexes like antigen-antibody (IgG) complexes accumulating in the body.
which type of hypersensitivity is most complex? - Answer type III
What is the MOI for type III hypersensitivity? - Answer antigen-antibody complexes deposited
in blood vessel walls cause inflammation and tissue damage where the complexes accumulate.
,Common examples of type III hypersensitivity - Answer SLE (Lupus) and RA (rheumatoid
arthritis)
What is the immune mechanism of type IV hypersensitivity? - Answer autoreactive cytotoxic
cells
what is the MOI in type IV hypersensitivity? - Answer autoreactive cytotoxic cells attack the
bodies own tissues especially i the lungs and airways.
common examples of type IV hypersensitivity - Answer HIV, RSV, contact dermatitis, TB, MS,
and DM1
why is lupus rare? - Answer because it requires a series of complex events that need to occur
over many years.
steps for lupus to occur? - Answer genetic predisposition --> macrophage challenging event
(covid) --> unregulated apoptosis of macrophages --> build up of debris in the body causes the
making of antibodies --> immune system is now compromised --> we make antibodies against
ourself
what do macrophages do? - Answer after infection they clean up debris in the tissue and
release cytokines to signal tissue repair
true or false: macrophage function is a spectrum - Answer true, some people have hypoactive
and some hyperactive
what is an example of a trigger that challenges the macrophages - Answer hydralazine, a type
of vasodilator
common events that lead to flare ups - Answer pregnancy (stiulates antibody production) and
UV light (sun stimulates immune response)
Lupus causes briefly - Answer genetic predisposition + preceding event (viral illness, drug,
environmental exposure, stress/trauma, and estrogen shifting (post-puberty, postpartum, and
menopause))
what is SLE? - Answer a chronic multi-symptom autoimmune disease
, where are the symptoms of SLE? - Answer they are diverse with inflammation affecting
multiple organ systems
what kind of disease is SLE? - Answer it is a waxing and waning disease
Patho of Lupus briefly - Answer antibody-antigen complexes deposited in microvasculature
and basement membrane of nephrons --> these antigens include proteins normally protected
inside the cell called nuclear antigens --> complement proteins attract neutrophils and trigger
inflammation
common symptoms of SLE - Answer frequent fevers, photophobia (light sensitivity), anxiety,
depression, personality changes, mental health changes, nausea, vomiting, GI discomfort
common flare up triggers for lupus - Answer sunlight, pregnancy, stress
SLE symptoms in the head - Answer hair loss, low fevers, impaired saliva production, butterfly
rash, mental health changes, visual changes, fatigue, and seizures
SLE symptoms in the immune system - Answer lymphadenopathy (inflammed lymph nodes)
SLE hematological symptoms - Answer anemia and thrombocytopenia (low platelet count)
SLE heart symptoms - Answer pericarditis d/t lots of small vasculature
SLE lung symptoms - Answer chest pain that needs immediate medical attention, pleuritis, and
pleural effusion d/t inflammation
SLE GI symptoms - Answer N/V, IBS, diarrhea, sterile peritonitis (infection of the abdominal
cavity without infectious pathogens)
SLE joint symptoms - Answer pain and swelling
SLE Kidney symptoms - Answer protein and blood in the urine d/t blood vessels being blocked
by neutrophils
SLE finger/toe symptoms - Answer they can turn blue
Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2026-2027
Updated.
What is hypersensitivity? - Answer A persons immune system reacts in a way that damages
them rather than protecting them
What is type III hypersensitivity? - Answer Antigen-antibody complexes deposit into blood
vessel walls causing inflammation and tissue damage
what cells produce antibody? - Answer plasma cells
what is type 1 hypersensitivity? - Answer presence of IgE specific to an allergen
what is the MOI of type 1 hypersensitivity? - Answer histamine stimulates mucus secretion in
the nasal passages and tears that leads to inflammation
what are examples of type 1 hypersensitivity? - Answer (atopic diseases) allergic reactions,
asthma, dermatitis, and anaphylaxis
what is the immune mechanism of type II hypersensitivity? - Answer anti-body mediated
immune reaction where antibodies like IgG or IgM are directed against cells. This is an
autoreactive antibody that targets its own tissues.
What is the MOI of type II hypersensitivity? - Answer cellular destruction, functional loss, and
tissue damage d/t antibodies targeting the body.
examples of type II hypersensitivity and where are they commonly seen - Answer autoimmune
diseases, infections, cytopenias, and hemolytic anemias. seen in transplants and blood
transfusions.
What is the immune mechanism of type III hypersensitivity? - Answer mediated by immune
complexes like antigen-antibody (IgG) complexes accumulating in the body.
which type of hypersensitivity is most complex? - Answer type III
What is the MOI for type III hypersensitivity? - Answer antigen-antibody complexes deposited
in blood vessel walls cause inflammation and tissue damage where the complexes accumulate.
,Common examples of type III hypersensitivity - Answer SLE (Lupus) and RA (rheumatoid
arthritis)
What is the immune mechanism of type IV hypersensitivity? - Answer autoreactive cytotoxic
cells
what is the MOI in type IV hypersensitivity? - Answer autoreactive cytotoxic cells attack the
bodies own tissues especially i the lungs and airways.
common examples of type IV hypersensitivity - Answer HIV, RSV, contact dermatitis, TB, MS,
and DM1
why is lupus rare? - Answer because it requires a series of complex events that need to occur
over many years.
steps for lupus to occur? - Answer genetic predisposition --> macrophage challenging event
(covid) --> unregulated apoptosis of macrophages --> build up of debris in the body causes the
making of antibodies --> immune system is now compromised --> we make antibodies against
ourself
what do macrophages do? - Answer after infection they clean up debris in the tissue and
release cytokines to signal tissue repair
true or false: macrophage function is a spectrum - Answer true, some people have hypoactive
and some hyperactive
what is an example of a trigger that challenges the macrophages - Answer hydralazine, a type
of vasodilator
common events that lead to flare ups - Answer pregnancy (stiulates antibody production) and
UV light (sun stimulates immune response)
Lupus causes briefly - Answer genetic predisposition + preceding event (viral illness, drug,
environmental exposure, stress/trauma, and estrogen shifting (post-puberty, postpartum, and
menopause))
what is SLE? - Answer a chronic multi-symptom autoimmune disease
, where are the symptoms of SLE? - Answer they are diverse with inflammation affecting
multiple organ systems
what kind of disease is SLE? - Answer it is a waxing and waning disease
Patho of Lupus briefly - Answer antibody-antigen complexes deposited in microvasculature
and basement membrane of nephrons --> these antigens include proteins normally protected
inside the cell called nuclear antigens --> complement proteins attract neutrophils and trigger
inflammation
common symptoms of SLE - Answer frequent fevers, photophobia (light sensitivity), anxiety,
depression, personality changes, mental health changes, nausea, vomiting, GI discomfort
common flare up triggers for lupus - Answer sunlight, pregnancy, stress
SLE symptoms in the head - Answer hair loss, low fevers, impaired saliva production, butterfly
rash, mental health changes, visual changes, fatigue, and seizures
SLE symptoms in the immune system - Answer lymphadenopathy (inflammed lymph nodes)
SLE hematological symptoms - Answer anemia and thrombocytopenia (low platelet count)
SLE heart symptoms - Answer pericarditis d/t lots of small vasculature
SLE lung symptoms - Answer chest pain that needs immediate medical attention, pleuritis, and
pleural effusion d/t inflammation
SLE GI symptoms - Answer N/V, IBS, diarrhea, sterile peritonitis (infection of the abdominal
cavity without infectious pathogens)
SLE joint symptoms - Answer pain and swelling
SLE Kidney symptoms - Answer protein and blood in the urine d/t blood vessels being blocked
by neutrophils
SLE finger/toe symptoms - Answer they can turn blue
