NURSE PRACTITIONER
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM PREP - SARAH
MICHELLE LIVE STYLE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
1. A 68-year-old male with a history of hypertension presents for a routine check-up. Upon
auscultation, you hear a grade III/VI blowing, high-pitched pansystolic murmur at the apex
that radiates to the left axilla. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Aortic Stenosis
B. Mitral Regurgitation
C. Mitral Valve Prolapse
D. Tricuspid Regurgitation
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Mitral Regurgitation is characterized by a holosystolic
(pansystolic) murmur heard best at the apex, radiating to the axilla. Aortic stenosis is
systolic but radiates to the neck.
,2. Which ethical principle is an NP upholding when they ensure that a patient is fully
informed about the risks and benefits of a procedure before signing a consent form?
A. Beneficence
B. Non-maleficence
C. Justice
D. Autonomy
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make their own
healthcare decisions. Ensuring informed consent directly supports the patient’s self-
determination.
3. According to the 2017 ACC/AHA Hypertension guidelines, a patient with a blood pressure
of 134/86 mmHg should be categorized as:
A. Elevated
B. Stage 2 Hypertension
C. Stage 1 Hypertension
D. Hypertensive Crisis
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Stage 1 Hypertension is defined as a systolic BP of 130-139 or a
diastolic BP of 80-89 mmHg.
, 4. A 52-year-old female with Type 2 Diabetes is currently taking Metformin 1000mg BID. Her
latest lab results show an eGFR of 28 mL/min/1.73m2. What is the most appropriate action?
A. Discontinue Metformin
B. Decrease dose to 500mg BID
C. Continue current dose
D. Switch to a Sulfonylurea
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Metformin is contraindicated when the eGFR falls below 30
mL/min/1.73m2 due to the increased risk of lactic acidosis.
5. At what age should a pediatric patient typically be able to stack a tower of six blocks and
walk up stairs one step at a time?
A. 12 months
B. 18 months
C. 24 months
D. 36 months
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: At 24 months (2 years), a child should be able to stack 6 blocks,
jump with both feet, and walk up and down stairs one step at a time.
COMPREHENSIVE EXAM PREP - SARAH
MICHELLE LIVE STYLE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
1. A 68-year-old male with a history of hypertension presents for a routine check-up. Upon
auscultation, you hear a grade III/VI blowing, high-pitched pansystolic murmur at the apex
that radiates to the left axilla. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Aortic Stenosis
B. Mitral Regurgitation
C. Mitral Valve Prolapse
D. Tricuspid Regurgitation
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Mitral Regurgitation is characterized by a holosystolic
(pansystolic) murmur heard best at the apex, radiating to the axilla. Aortic stenosis is
systolic but radiates to the neck.
,2. Which ethical principle is an NP upholding when they ensure that a patient is fully
informed about the risks and benefits of a procedure before signing a consent form?
A. Beneficence
B. Non-maleficence
C. Justice
D. Autonomy
Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: Autonomy refers to the patient’s right to make their own
healthcare decisions. Ensuring informed consent directly supports the patient’s self-
determination.
3. According to the 2017 ACC/AHA Hypertension guidelines, a patient with a blood pressure
of 134/86 mmHg should be categorized as:
A. Elevated
B. Stage 2 Hypertension
C. Stage 1 Hypertension
D. Hypertensive Crisis
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: Stage 1 Hypertension is defined as a systolic BP of 130-139 or a
diastolic BP of 80-89 mmHg.
, 4. A 52-year-old female with Type 2 Diabetes is currently taking Metformin 1000mg BID. Her
latest lab results show an eGFR of 28 mL/min/1.73m2. What is the most appropriate action?
A. Discontinue Metformin
B. Decrease dose to 500mg BID
C. Continue current dose
D. Switch to a Sulfonylurea
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Metformin is contraindicated when the eGFR falls below 30
mL/min/1.73m2 due to the increased risk of lactic acidosis.
5. At what age should a pediatric patient typically be able to stack a tower of six blocks and
walk up stairs one step at a time?
A. 12 months
B. 18 months
C. 24 months
D. 36 months
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: At 24 months (2 years), a child should be able to stack 6 blocks,
jump with both feet, and walk up and down stairs one step at a time.
