CITI Training 2026 | Practice Questions, Verified
Answers & Rationales | Complete Research
Ethics & Certification Review
Which of the following are the three principles discussed in the
Belmont Report?
A. IRB review, Federal regulations, Declaration of Helsinki.
B. Informed Consent, Institutional Assurance, Researcher
responsibility.
C. Privacy, Confidentiality, Equitable selection of subjects.
D. Respect for Persons, Beneficence, Justice. - Precise Answer
✔✔D. Respect for Persons, Beneficence, Justice.
Which of the following is an example of how the Principle of
Beneficence can be applied to a study employing human
subjects?
A. Providing detailed information about the study and obtaining
the subject's consent to participate.
B. Determining that the study has a maximization of benefits
and a minimization of risks.
C. Ensuring that the selection of subjects includes people from
all segments of the population.
D. Ensuring that persons with diminished autonomy are
protected. - Precise Answer ✔✔B. Determining that the study
has a maximization of benefits and a minimization of risks.
All of the following are true regarding the Belmont Report,
EXCEPT:
A. The Belmont Report describes the need to carefully consider
,how research discoveries and risks will be fairly distributed in
the society.
B. The Belmont Report describes the concept of "Respect for
Persons".
C. The Belmont Report defines and delineates the differences
between "Practice" and "Research".
D. The Belmont Report indicates that it is necessary to
rigorously avoid conflicts - Precise Answer ✔✔D. The Belmont
Report indicates that it is necessary to rigorously avoid conflicts
Which of the following studies is linked most directly to the
establishment of the National Research Act in 1974 and
ultimately to the Belmont Report and Federal regulations for
human subject protection?
A. The Public Health Service Tuskegee Study of Untreated
Syphilis in the Negro Male.
B. Stanford Prison Experiment (Zimbardo).
C. The Harvard T3 study.
D. Tearoom Trade Study (Humphreys). - Precise Answer ✔✔A.
The Public Health Service Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis
in the Negro Male.
The Belmont principle of beneficence requires that:
A. Subjects derive individual benefit from study participation.
B. Potential benefits justify the risks of harm.
C. The study makes a significant contribution to generalizable
knowledge.
D. Risks are managed so that they are no more than minimal. -
Precise Answer ✔✔B. Potential benefits justify the risks of
harm.
,Humphreys collecting data for the Tearoom Trade study under
the pretense that he was a lookout is an example of a violation of
the principle of:
A. Respect for persons.
B. Justice.
C. Beneficence. - Precise Answer ✔✔A. Respect for persons.
According to the Belmont Report, the moral requirement that
there be fair outcomes in the selection of research subjects,
expresses the principle of:
A. Beneficence.
B. Respect for persons.
C. Justice. - Precise Answer ✔✔C. Justice.
Which of the following is an example of how the principle of
beneficence is applied to a study involving human subjects?
A. Ensuring that subjects understand that participation is
voluntary.
B. Ensuring that the selection of subjects is fair.
C. Providing detailed information about the study to potential
subjects.
D. Ensuring that risks are reasonable in relationship to
anticipated benefits. - Precise Answer ✔✔D. Ensuring that risks
are reasonable in relationship to anticipated benefits.
A subject in a clinical research trial experiences a serious,
unanticipated adverse drug experience. How should the
investigator proceed, with respect to the IRB, after the discovery
of the adverse event occurrence?
, A. Do not report the adverse drug experience to the IRB since it
is a common adverse experience.
B. Report the adverse drug experience to the IRB only if there
are several other occurrences.
C. Report the adverse drug experience as part of the continuing
review report.
D. Report the adverse drug experience in a timely manner, in
keeping with the IRB's policies and procedures, using the forms
or the mechanism provided by the IRB. - Precise Answer ✔✔D.
Report the adverse drug experience in a timely manner, in
keeping with the IRB's policies and procedures, using the forms
or the mechanism provided by the IRB.
How long is an investigator required to keep consent documents,
IRB correspondence, and research records?
A. Until the study is closed
B. Until data analysis is complete
C. For a minimum of three years after completion of the study
D. As long as the investigator is at that institution - Precise
Answer ✔✔C. For a minimum of three years after completion of
the study
According to federal regulations, which of the following best
describes when expedited review of a new, proposed study may
be used by the IRB?
A. The study involves no more than minimal risk and meets one
of the allowable categories of expedited review specified in
federal regulations
B. The study is required for a student research project
C. The study does not require informed consent or survey
Answers & Rationales | Complete Research
Ethics & Certification Review
Which of the following are the three principles discussed in the
Belmont Report?
A. IRB review, Federal regulations, Declaration of Helsinki.
B. Informed Consent, Institutional Assurance, Researcher
responsibility.
C. Privacy, Confidentiality, Equitable selection of subjects.
D. Respect for Persons, Beneficence, Justice. - Precise Answer
✔✔D. Respect for Persons, Beneficence, Justice.
Which of the following is an example of how the Principle of
Beneficence can be applied to a study employing human
subjects?
A. Providing detailed information about the study and obtaining
the subject's consent to participate.
B. Determining that the study has a maximization of benefits
and a minimization of risks.
C. Ensuring that the selection of subjects includes people from
all segments of the population.
D. Ensuring that persons with diminished autonomy are
protected. - Precise Answer ✔✔B. Determining that the study
has a maximization of benefits and a minimization of risks.
All of the following are true regarding the Belmont Report,
EXCEPT:
A. The Belmont Report describes the need to carefully consider
,how research discoveries and risks will be fairly distributed in
the society.
B. The Belmont Report describes the concept of "Respect for
Persons".
C. The Belmont Report defines and delineates the differences
between "Practice" and "Research".
D. The Belmont Report indicates that it is necessary to
rigorously avoid conflicts - Precise Answer ✔✔D. The Belmont
Report indicates that it is necessary to rigorously avoid conflicts
Which of the following studies is linked most directly to the
establishment of the National Research Act in 1974 and
ultimately to the Belmont Report and Federal regulations for
human subject protection?
A. The Public Health Service Tuskegee Study of Untreated
Syphilis in the Negro Male.
B. Stanford Prison Experiment (Zimbardo).
C. The Harvard T3 study.
D. Tearoom Trade Study (Humphreys). - Precise Answer ✔✔A.
The Public Health Service Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis
in the Negro Male.
The Belmont principle of beneficence requires that:
A. Subjects derive individual benefit from study participation.
B. Potential benefits justify the risks of harm.
C. The study makes a significant contribution to generalizable
knowledge.
D. Risks are managed so that they are no more than minimal. -
Precise Answer ✔✔B. Potential benefits justify the risks of
harm.
,Humphreys collecting data for the Tearoom Trade study under
the pretense that he was a lookout is an example of a violation of
the principle of:
A. Respect for persons.
B. Justice.
C. Beneficence. - Precise Answer ✔✔A. Respect for persons.
According to the Belmont Report, the moral requirement that
there be fair outcomes in the selection of research subjects,
expresses the principle of:
A. Beneficence.
B. Respect for persons.
C. Justice. - Precise Answer ✔✔C. Justice.
Which of the following is an example of how the principle of
beneficence is applied to a study involving human subjects?
A. Ensuring that subjects understand that participation is
voluntary.
B. Ensuring that the selection of subjects is fair.
C. Providing detailed information about the study to potential
subjects.
D. Ensuring that risks are reasonable in relationship to
anticipated benefits. - Precise Answer ✔✔D. Ensuring that risks
are reasonable in relationship to anticipated benefits.
A subject in a clinical research trial experiences a serious,
unanticipated adverse drug experience. How should the
investigator proceed, with respect to the IRB, after the discovery
of the adverse event occurrence?
, A. Do not report the adverse drug experience to the IRB since it
is a common adverse experience.
B. Report the adverse drug experience to the IRB only if there
are several other occurrences.
C. Report the adverse drug experience as part of the continuing
review report.
D. Report the adverse drug experience in a timely manner, in
keeping with the IRB's policies and procedures, using the forms
or the mechanism provided by the IRB. - Precise Answer ✔✔D.
Report the adverse drug experience in a timely manner, in
keeping with the IRB's policies and procedures, using the forms
or the mechanism provided by the IRB.
How long is an investigator required to keep consent documents,
IRB correspondence, and research records?
A. Until the study is closed
B. Until data analysis is complete
C. For a minimum of three years after completion of the study
D. As long as the investigator is at that institution - Precise
Answer ✔✔C. For a minimum of three years after completion of
the study
According to federal regulations, which of the following best
describes when expedited review of a new, proposed study may
be used by the IRB?
A. The study involves no more than minimal risk and meets one
of the allowable categories of expedited review specified in
federal regulations
B. The study is required for a student research project
C. The study does not require informed consent or survey
