Clinical Application of
Perfusion Exam and Answers
(Verified Answers) (Latest
Update 2026) UPDATE!!
What are cannulation sites for an LVAD? - ANSWER-Pulmonary Vein and Aorta
What is the minimum pressure for an LVAD inflow, before you are at risk for
drawing air? - ANSWER-5 mmHg
Correction for cannula entrapment in LVAD's can be accomplished by doing what?
- ANSWER-increasing the left atrial preload (decreasing flow)
--> Cannula is sucking down in the LVAD inflow either in the pulm vein, lv apex, or
just below crossing the aortic valve.
What is the indication that indicates to add an RVAD? - ANSWER-Right atrial
pressure >20 mmHg with IABP and inotropic support
Cannulation sites for RVAD support? - ANSWER-Right atrium and pulmonary
artery.
,Which would not be an important consideration in cannula selection?
A. size B. Shape C. Cannula Circuit connector Size D. Flow requirements - ANSWER-
C. Cannula Circuit Connector Size
Right Ventricular flow rates should be adjusted in relation to what? - ANSWER-Left
ventricular flow rate.
In RVAD's, pump inflow cannula entrapment is indicated by? - ANSWER-snapping
or chattering of the line
What action can correct RVAD cannula entrapment? - ANSWER-Increasing the
right atrial preload. (slow flow)
When is heparin therapy to maintain coagulation in VAD's usually started? -
ANSWER-Within 24 hours after initial bleeding from surgery has been controlled.
Sometimes patients will get protamine. ACT's should be between 150-200
seconds.
When do patients diagnosed with atrial petal defects become diagnosed in
relation to Qp/Qs ratio? - ANSWER-1:1.5
What would normal urine output for a child who weights 12 kg be? What is the
standard for urine output in cardiac patients? - ANSWER-~20 ml/hour
In cardiac patients it is suggest that urine output should be .5-1.0 ml/kg/hour
, What is the estimated blood volume of a child who weights 12 kg? - ANSWER-75 *
12= 900 ml
clinical manual of perfusion states that blood volume for a 11-20 kg child should
be 80 ml/kg
A 2 year old child weighting 12 kg is going on bypass. Prebypas Hct is 40% and
priming volume is 1200 ml what is the diluted hematocrit? - ANSWER-
((12*75)*40)/((12*75)+1200)= 17.1%
How is venous cannulation usually done in repair of an ASD? - ANSWER-bicaval
cannulation
Upon going onto bypass pressure will drop in direct proportion to what? -
ANSWER-viscosity
Flow=perf pressure/(vasc resistance x viscosity)
Which of the following would most likely be used to treat hypotension on a
jehovah witness patient who requests no blood products be utilized.
a) aramine b) ephedrine c)neosynephrine d) regitine - ANSWER-C. neosynephrine
(phenylephrine)
2 yr old 12 kg child is placed on complete bypass, when RA is opened large
amount of venous blood is present. What is the cause - ANSWER-Persistent left
superior vena cava
Perfusion Exam and Answers
(Verified Answers) (Latest
Update 2026) UPDATE!!
What are cannulation sites for an LVAD? - ANSWER-Pulmonary Vein and Aorta
What is the minimum pressure for an LVAD inflow, before you are at risk for
drawing air? - ANSWER-5 mmHg
Correction for cannula entrapment in LVAD's can be accomplished by doing what?
- ANSWER-increasing the left atrial preload (decreasing flow)
--> Cannula is sucking down in the LVAD inflow either in the pulm vein, lv apex, or
just below crossing the aortic valve.
What is the indication that indicates to add an RVAD? - ANSWER-Right atrial
pressure >20 mmHg with IABP and inotropic support
Cannulation sites for RVAD support? - ANSWER-Right atrium and pulmonary
artery.
,Which would not be an important consideration in cannula selection?
A. size B. Shape C. Cannula Circuit connector Size D. Flow requirements - ANSWER-
C. Cannula Circuit Connector Size
Right Ventricular flow rates should be adjusted in relation to what? - ANSWER-Left
ventricular flow rate.
In RVAD's, pump inflow cannula entrapment is indicated by? - ANSWER-snapping
or chattering of the line
What action can correct RVAD cannula entrapment? - ANSWER-Increasing the
right atrial preload. (slow flow)
When is heparin therapy to maintain coagulation in VAD's usually started? -
ANSWER-Within 24 hours after initial bleeding from surgery has been controlled.
Sometimes patients will get protamine. ACT's should be between 150-200
seconds.
When do patients diagnosed with atrial petal defects become diagnosed in
relation to Qp/Qs ratio? - ANSWER-1:1.5
What would normal urine output for a child who weights 12 kg be? What is the
standard for urine output in cardiac patients? - ANSWER-~20 ml/hour
In cardiac patients it is suggest that urine output should be .5-1.0 ml/kg/hour
, What is the estimated blood volume of a child who weights 12 kg? - ANSWER-75 *
12= 900 ml
clinical manual of perfusion states that blood volume for a 11-20 kg child should
be 80 ml/kg
A 2 year old child weighting 12 kg is going on bypass. Prebypas Hct is 40% and
priming volume is 1200 ml what is the diluted hematocrit? - ANSWER-
((12*75)*40)/((12*75)+1200)= 17.1%
How is venous cannulation usually done in repair of an ASD? - ANSWER-bicaval
cannulation
Upon going onto bypass pressure will drop in direct proportion to what? -
ANSWER-viscosity
Flow=perf pressure/(vasc resistance x viscosity)
Which of the following would most likely be used to treat hypotension on a
jehovah witness patient who requests no blood products be utilized.
a) aramine b) ephedrine c)neosynephrine d) regitine - ANSWER-C. neosynephrine
(phenylephrine)
2 yr old 12 kg child is placed on complete bypass, when RA is opened large
amount of venous blood is present. What is the cause - ANSWER-Persistent left
superior vena cava
