NR 601 Primary Care of the Maturing and Aged Family | Comprehensive Final Exam Review 200 Questions and Answers with Rationales 2026/2027

NR 601 Primary Care of the Maturing and Aged Family |
Comprehensive Final Exam Review 200 Questions and
Answers with Rationales 2026/2027
This comprehensive NR 601 Primary Care of the Maturing and Aged Family review contains questions
covering major concepts relevant to advanced practice primary care of middle-aged and older adults.
Topics include health promotion, preventive care, geriatric assessment, cardiovascular and respiratory
disorders, endocrine and metabolic conditions, musculoskeletal and neurologic disorders, mental
health, pharmacology, polypharmacy, common geriatric syndromes, and ethical considerations.



Topics Covered

 Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

 Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment

 Normal Aging

 Cardiovascular Disorders

 Hypertension and Dyslipidemia

 Diabetes and Endocrine Disorders

 Respiratory Disorders

 Musculoskeletal Disorders

 Osteoporosis and Falls

 Neurologic Disorders

 Dementia and Delirium

 Depression and Anxiety

 Geriatric Pharmacology

 Polypharmacy

 Renal and Genitourinary Disorders

 Gastrointestinal Disorders

 Dermatologic Conditions

 Sensory Impairment

 Cancer Screening

,  Immunizations

 Nutrition

 Functional Assessment

 Advance Care Planning

 Safety and Ethical Issues




Health Promotion, Prevention & Aging
1. Which statement best describes normal aging?
A. Aging inevitably causes severe cognitive impairment
B. Aging is associated with predictable physiologic changes but does not
inherently cause disease
C. Functional decline is unavoidable in every older adult
D. Chronic disease is synonymous with normal aging
Answer: B
Rationale: Aging produces physiologic changes, but significant
disability, dementia, and disease are not inevitable consequences of
normal aging.


2. Which factor is most strongly associated with healthy aging?
A. Social isolation
B. Physical inactivity
C. Regular physical activity
D. Avoidance of preventive care
Answer: C
Rationale: Regular physical activity supports cardiovascular, metabolic,
musculoskeletal, cognitive, and functional health.

,3. An older adult reports increasing difficulty performing instrumental
activities of daily living. What does this finding primarily suggest?
A. Improved independence
B. Possible functional decline
C. Normal vision aging only
D. Acute infection automatically
Answer: B
Rationale: Difficulty with instrumental activities such as medication
management, shopping, finances, and transportation can indicate
declining functional independence.


4. Which is an instrumental activity of daily living (IADL)?
A. Bathing
B. Toileting
C. Feeding oneself
D. Managing finances
Answer: D
Rationale: IADLs include complex activities required for independent
community living, such as finances, shopping, transportation, and
medication management.


5. Which is a basic activity of daily living (ADL)?
A. Managing investments
B. Shopping

, C. Bathing
D. Preparing taxes
Answer: C
Rationale: Basic ADLs include bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring,
continence, and feeding.


6. Which finding should prompt additional evaluation rather than being
dismissed as "just aging"?
A. Mild reduction in skin elasticity
B. New unexplained weight loss
C. Gray hair
D. Reduced accommodation
Answer: B
Rationale: Unintentional weight loss may indicate malignancy,
depression, endocrine disease, gastrointestinal disease, medication
effects, or other pathology.


7. Which intervention is most appropriate for maintaining muscle
strength in an older adult?
A. Prolonged bed rest
B. Resistance exercise
C. Complete avoidance of physical activity
D. Strict fluid restriction
Answer: B
Rationale: Resistance training helps preserve muscle mass, strength,
balance, and functional independence.