PSY 352 Midterm 1 questions with answers

PSY 352 Midterm 1 questions with
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answers


what is personality? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔individual
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way of thinking/acting/feeling
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focuses on individual traits |\ |\ |\




implies consistency across situations (intuitive appeal)
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traits - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔characteristics that make
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people different from each other
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situationism - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔view that |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



personality is function of context |\ |\ |\ |\ |\




not internal traits
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Ex: Milgram's experiment on obedience in social
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psychology


Walter Mischel - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔said personality
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too minimal to focus on
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idea of multiple selves
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situationally elicited |\

,Hartsome and May - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔gave grade-
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school kids opportunities for undetected deceit
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dishonesty in one domain is a poor predictor of
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dishonesty in another |\ |\




person-situation debate - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



✔✔behavior as function stable traits or changing
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situations?


interactionism - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔view that person
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and situation drive behavior
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personality traits are the average tendencies (tend to
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shape the situation)
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situations vary in strength (tend to shape the person)
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6 approaches to personality - CORRECT ANSWERS
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✔✔psychoanalytic
traits
biological
humanistic
behavioral/social learnings |\




cognitive

,psychoanalytic approach - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



✔✔focuses on unconscious forces |\ |\ |\




trait approach - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔stable defining
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characteristics


biological approach - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔inherited
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predispositions, physiological processes |\ |\




humanistic approach - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔self-
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actualization, growth potential, feelings of self-worth
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behavioral/social learnings approach - CORRECT |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



ANSWERS ✔✔conditioning, learned expectation
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cognitive approach - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔info
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processing


grand theories of personality vs. contemporary
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approaches - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔historically it has
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been grand theories
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grand theories focus on broad, human nature analyses
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Ex: Freud and psychoanalysis
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, contemporary personality psychology focuses on |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



individual differences |\




Ex: men vs. women, individualistic vs. collectivist
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what is self-report data? - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔the
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information a person reveals |\ |\ |\




can be obtained through interviews, periodic reports and
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questionnaires


Strengths of self-report data - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



✔✔individuals have access to a wealth of information |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



about themselves that is inaccessible to anyone else
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can report on self-esteem, feelings, emotions, desires,
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beliefs, fears, fantasies, private experiences, emotions,
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etc.


Likert rating scale - CORRECT ANSWERS ✔✔type of self-
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report data |\




individual is able to express with numbers the degree to
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which a particular trait describes him or her
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weaknesses of self-report data - CORRECT ANSWERS |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



✔✔participants may not be able or willing to answer the |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\ |\



questions |\




people aren't always honest |\ |\ |\