BIOL 251: HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I W/LAB | MODULE 1 EXAM REVIEW Complete Exam Prep Bundle | 160 Questions with Verified Answers & Rationales | LockDown Browser | Portage Learning

BIOL 251: HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY I W/LAB | MODULE 1 EXAM REVIEW
Complete Exam Prep Bundle | 160 Questions with Verified
Answers & Rationales | LockDown Browser | Portage Learning

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION TO ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY
(Questions 1–20)

Question 1

1. What is the definition of anatomy? E) The study of heredity and genetic variation
A) The study of the functions of body parts
B) The study of chemical processes in the body
C) The study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another
D) The study of disease and its causes


Answer

Answer C: The study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another


Rationale

Anatomy is derived from the Greek word meaning "to cut apart." It focuses on the structure and
physical relationships of body parts. ---




Question 2

2. What is the definition of physiology? E) The study of bodily diseases
A) The study of body structures visible to the naked eye

,B) The study of the functions of the body and its parts
C) The study of tissues under a microscope
D) The study of the chemical composition of cells


Answer

Answer B: The study of the functions of the body and its parts


Rationale

Physiology focuses on how the body and its components work and carry out their life-sustaining
activities. ---




Question 3

3. Which principle states that structure determines function? E) Anatomical hierarchy
A) Complementarity of cells
B) Homeostatic regulation
C) Physiological balance
D) Complementarity of structure and function


Answer

Answer D: Complementarity of structure and function


Rationale

The principle of complementarity states that a structure's shape (anatomy) determines its function
(physiology). ---




Question 4

4. Which of the following represents the correct order of structural organization from simplest
to most complex? E) Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism Answer E: Cell →
Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism
A) Organ → Tissue → Cell → Organism → Organ system
B) Cell → Organ → Tissue → Organ system → Organism
C) Tissue → Cell → Organ → Organism → Organ system
D) Organism → Organ system → Organ → Tissue → Cell

,Rationale

The correct hierarchy moves from the simplest (chemical/cellular) level up to the most complex
(organism) level. ---




Question 5

5. What is the most basic living unit of the human body? E) Cell Answer E: Cell
A) Tissue
B) Organ
C) Atom
D) Molecule


Rationale

The cell is the smallest living unit. While atoms and molecules are smaller, they are not considered
living. ---




Question 6

6. The study of large, visible body structures is called: E) Pathological anatomy
A) Microscopic anatomy
B) Histology
C) Gross anatomy
D) Surface anatomy


Answer

Answer C: Gross anatomy


Rationale

Gross anatomy focuses on large, visible structures that can be seen with the naked eye. ---




Question 7

7. What is microscopic anatomy also known as? E) Pathological anatomy
A) Gross anatomy
B) Histology
C) Surface anatomy

, D) Systemic anatomy


Answer

Answer B: Histology


Rationale

Microscopic anatomy is the study of body structures using a microscope; another name for it is
histology. ---




Question 8

8. What is pathological physiology (abnormal physiology)? E) The study of chemical reactions
in the body
A) The study of normal body functions
B) The study of the impact of disease or injury on organs and organ systems
C) The study of body structures
D) The study of tissues


Answer

Answer B: The study of the impact of disease or injury on organs and organ systems


Rationale

Pathological physiology studies the impact of disease or injury on organs and organ systems. ---




Question 9

9. What is the study of tissues called? E) Pathology
A) Cytology
B) Histology
C) Anatomy
D) Physiology


Answer

Answer B: Histology