NMAT Exam Review Questions With
Correct Answers
Kinetochores - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-protein structures located on the
| | | | | | | |
centromeres that serve as attachment points for specific fibers of the
| | | | | | | | | | |
spindle apparatus (kinetochore fibers)
| | |
metastasis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-distant spread of cancerous cells
| | | | | | | |
through the bloodstream or lymphatic systems
| | | | |
Mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-2 identical cells created from a single
| | | | | | | | | |
cell
Cytokinesis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-splitting of cytoplasm and
| | | | | | |
organelles into 2 daughter cells
| | | |
Haploid (n) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-cells that contain only 1 copy of
| | | | | | | | | | |
each chromosome
|
example-germ cells |
Diploid (2n) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-contain 2 copies of each
| | | | | | | | |
chromosome
,Prophase (mitosis) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-chromatin condenses into
| | | | | | |
chromosomes
centriole pairs separate, move toward opposite sides of the cell, and
| | | | | | | | | | |
form spindle fibers made of microtubules
| | | | |
the fibers radiate outward from the centrioles
| | | | | |
nuclear membrane dissolves which allows spindle fibers to contact
| | | | | | | | |
chromosomes
Metaphase - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-centriole pairs at opp. ends of cell
| | | | | | | | |
kinetochore fibers align chromosomes at the metaphase plate
| | | | | | | |
(equatorial plate) which is equidistant b/w 2 poles of the cell
| | | | | | | | | |
Anaphase - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-centromeres split
| | | | |
each sister chromatic has its own distinct centromere
| | | | | | | |
they are pulled toward opp. poles of cell
| | | | | | | |
sister chromatids separate
| |
Telophase and Cytokinesis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-spindle apparatus
| | | | | | |
disappears
nuclear membrane reforms around each set if chromosomes
| | | | | | | |
nucleoli reappears |
,chromosomes uncoil |
cytoplasm and organelles separate so that each daughter cell has
| | | | | | | | | |
supplies to survive on its own (cytokinesis)
| | | | | |
results in 2 identical daughter cells
| | | | |
gametes - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-non-identical sex cells
| | | | |
Synapsis (Prophase I of Meiosis I) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-homologous
| | | | | | | | |
chromosomes come together and intertwine | | | |
Mendel's 2nd Law of Independent Assortment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | |
inheritance of one allele has no effect on the likelihood of inheriting
| | | | | | | | | | | |
certain alleles for other genes
| | | |
Crossing Over - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Chromatids of homologous
| | | | | | |
chromosomes break at the chiasma and exchange pieces of DNA
| | | | | | | | | |
occurs b/w homologous chromosomes not sister chromatids
| | | | | |
allows each daughter cell to have a unique pool of alleles
| | | | | | | | | |
Alleles - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-genes coding for alternative forms of a
| | | | | | | | | |
trait
, Disjunction (anaphase I) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-separation of
| | | | | | |
homologous pairs, pulled to opp. poles of cell
| | | | | | |
Pathway of Sperm (Mnemonic --> SEVEN UP) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | |
Seminiferous tubules, Epididymis, Vas Deferens, Ejaculatory Duct,
| | | | | | |
Nothing, Urethra, Penis
| |
Estrogen - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-secreted in response to FSH
| | | | | | | |
thickening of lining of uterus (endometrium)
| | | | |
Progesterone - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-secreted by corpus luteum in
| | | | | | | |
response to LH
| | |
involved in development & maintenance of endometrium
| | | | | |
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-has 2 layers --> outer and inner
| | | | | | | | | |
membrane |
outer membrane serves as barrier b/w cytosol and inner environment
| | | | | | | | |
inner membrane has infoldings (contains enzymes needed for e-
| | | | | | | | |
transport chain) |
Correct Answers
Kinetochores - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-protein structures located on the
| | | | | | | |
centromeres that serve as attachment points for specific fibers of the
| | | | | | | | | | |
spindle apparatus (kinetochore fibers)
| | |
metastasis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-distant spread of cancerous cells
| | | | | | | |
through the bloodstream or lymphatic systems
| | | | |
Mitosis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-2 identical cells created from a single
| | | | | | | | | |
cell
Cytokinesis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-splitting of cytoplasm and
| | | | | | |
organelles into 2 daughter cells
| | | |
Haploid (n) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-cells that contain only 1 copy of
| | | | | | | | | | |
each chromosome
|
example-germ cells |
Diploid (2n) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-contain 2 copies of each
| | | | | | | | |
chromosome
,Prophase (mitosis) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-chromatin condenses into
| | | | | | |
chromosomes
centriole pairs separate, move toward opposite sides of the cell, and
| | | | | | | | | | |
form spindle fibers made of microtubules
| | | | |
the fibers radiate outward from the centrioles
| | | | | |
nuclear membrane dissolves which allows spindle fibers to contact
| | | | | | | | |
chromosomes
Metaphase - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-centriole pairs at opp. ends of cell
| | | | | | | | |
kinetochore fibers align chromosomes at the metaphase plate
| | | | | | | |
(equatorial plate) which is equidistant b/w 2 poles of the cell
| | | | | | | | | |
Anaphase - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-centromeres split
| | | | |
each sister chromatic has its own distinct centromere
| | | | | | | |
they are pulled toward opp. poles of cell
| | | | | | | |
sister chromatids separate
| |
Telophase and Cytokinesis - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-spindle apparatus
| | | | | | |
disappears
nuclear membrane reforms around each set if chromosomes
| | | | | | | |
nucleoli reappears |
,chromosomes uncoil |
cytoplasm and organelles separate so that each daughter cell has
| | | | | | | | | |
supplies to survive on its own (cytokinesis)
| | | | | |
results in 2 identical daughter cells
| | | | |
gametes - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-non-identical sex cells
| | | | |
Synapsis (Prophase I of Meiosis I) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-homologous
| | | | | | | | |
chromosomes come together and intertwine | | | |
Mendel's 2nd Law of Independent Assortment - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | |
inheritance of one allele has no effect on the likelihood of inheriting
| | | | | | | | | | | |
certain alleles for other genes
| | | |
Crossing Over - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-Chromatids of homologous
| | | | | | |
chromosomes break at the chiasma and exchange pieces of DNA
| | | | | | | | | |
occurs b/w homologous chromosomes not sister chromatids
| | | | | |
allows each daughter cell to have a unique pool of alleles
| | | | | | | | | |
Alleles - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-genes coding for alternative forms of a
| | | | | | | | | |
trait
, Disjunction (anaphase I) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-separation of
| | | | | | |
homologous pairs, pulled to opp. poles of cell
| | | | | | |
Pathway of Sperm (Mnemonic --> SEVEN UP) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-
| | | | | | | | |
Seminiferous tubules, Epididymis, Vas Deferens, Ejaculatory Duct,
| | | | | | |
Nothing, Urethra, Penis
| |
Estrogen - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-secreted in response to FSH
| | | | | | | |
thickening of lining of uterus (endometrium)
| | | | |
Progesterone - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-secreted by corpus luteum in
| | | | | | | |
response to LH
| | |
involved in development & maintenance of endometrium
| | | | | |
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-has 2 layers --> outer and inner
| | | | | | | | | |
membrane |
outer membrane serves as barrier b/w cytosol and inner environment
| | | | | | | | |
inner membrane has infoldings (contains enzymes needed for e-
| | | | | | | | |
transport chain) |
