NR 566
NR 566 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and Doxylamine (Unisom) - correct answer
Two most common H1 antagonist sleep aids
What are H1 antagonists used to treat in allergic disorders? - correct answer
Mild allergic reactions, such as allergic rhinitis and urticaria.
What are the anticholinergic adverse effects of H1 antagonists? - correct
answer Dry mouth and urinary retention
What depressive effects can H1 antagonists cause? - correct answer
Sedation and impaired ability, more common in FGA due to crossing the
BBB
What behavioral adverse effects are associated with H1 antagonists? -
correct answer Confusion and apathy
,NR 566
What stimulatory effects can H1 antagonists have? - correct answer Muscle
spasm and appetite stimulation
What gastrointestinal adverse effects can occur with H1 antagonists? -
correct answer Discomfort
What can happen at high doses of H1 antagonists? - correct answer CNS
seizures and hallucinations
In which populations are H1 antagonists contraindicated? - correct answer
Newborns, children under the age of 2, and women who are
breastfeeding.
What conditions contraindicate the use of H1 antagonists? - correct answer
Narrow-angle glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, and acute exacerbation
of asthma.
What is the effect of H1 antagonists on allergic rhinitis? - correct answer
Reduces sneezing, nasal discharge, and irritation of the eyes, nose, and
throat.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of H1 antagonists? - correct answer
H1 antagonists work by blocking H1 histamine receptors.
,NR 566
What effect do H1 antagonists have on histamine in the body? - correct
answer They help to reduce the effects of histamine in the body.
How does blocking histamine action affect wakefulness? - correct answer
Blocking histamine action can lead to sedation and help induce sleep.
What is a common side effect of H1 antagonists when used as a sleep
aid? - correct answer Daytime Drowsiness: Users may experience lingering
sedation the next day.
What are some anticholinergic effects of H1 antagonists? - correct answer
Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention.
What CNS effects can H1 antagonists cause, particularly in older adults?
- correct answer Dizziness, confusion, and incoordination.
What is the effect of H1 antagonists on urticaria? - correct answer
Diminishes redness, itching, and swelling.
Which first-generation H1 antagonists are effective for motion sickness?
- correct answer Promethazine and dimenhydrinate.
How do certain H1 antagonists help with motion sickness? - correct answer
They inhibit muscarinic receptors.
, NR 566
Why are first-generation H1 antagonists included in sleep aids? - correct
answer For short-term management of sleep disturbances.
What are the anticholinergic effects that older adults are more
susceptible to? - correct answer Dizziness, confusion, and sedation.
Why should first-generation antihistamines be used cautiously in older
adults? - correct answer They can increase sedation and anticholinergic
effects, raising the risk of falls and accidents.
What criteria advises against the use of first-generation antihistamines
in older adults? - correct answer Beers Criteria.
What is a concern regarding polypharmacy in older adults? - correct answer
Increased risk of drug interactions and cumulative side effects.
What effect can first-generation antihistamines have on children? - correct
answer They can cause paradoxical excitation, leading to increased
agitation or insomnia.
What is advised for the use of antihistamines in infants? - correct answer
Over-the-counter cold remedies should generally be avoided in children
under four years old.
NR 566 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) and Doxylamine (Unisom) - correct answer
Two most common H1 antagonist sleep aids
What are H1 antagonists used to treat in allergic disorders? - correct answer
Mild allergic reactions, such as allergic rhinitis and urticaria.
What are the anticholinergic adverse effects of H1 antagonists? - correct
answer Dry mouth and urinary retention
What depressive effects can H1 antagonists cause? - correct answer
Sedation and impaired ability, more common in FGA due to crossing the
BBB
What behavioral adverse effects are associated with H1 antagonists? -
correct answer Confusion and apathy
,NR 566
What stimulatory effects can H1 antagonists have? - correct answer Muscle
spasm and appetite stimulation
What gastrointestinal adverse effects can occur with H1 antagonists? -
correct answer Discomfort
What can happen at high doses of H1 antagonists? - correct answer CNS
seizures and hallucinations
In which populations are H1 antagonists contraindicated? - correct answer
Newborns, children under the age of 2, and women who are
breastfeeding.
What conditions contraindicate the use of H1 antagonists? - correct answer
Narrow-angle glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, and acute exacerbation
of asthma.
What is the effect of H1 antagonists on allergic rhinitis? - correct answer
Reduces sneezing, nasal discharge, and irritation of the eyes, nose, and
throat.
What is the mechanism of action (MOA) of H1 antagonists? - correct answer
H1 antagonists work by blocking H1 histamine receptors.
,NR 566
What effect do H1 antagonists have on histamine in the body? - correct
answer They help to reduce the effects of histamine in the body.
How does blocking histamine action affect wakefulness? - correct answer
Blocking histamine action can lead to sedation and help induce sleep.
What is a common side effect of H1 antagonists when used as a sleep
aid? - correct answer Daytime Drowsiness: Users may experience lingering
sedation the next day.
What are some anticholinergic effects of H1 antagonists? - correct answer
Dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention.
What CNS effects can H1 antagonists cause, particularly in older adults?
- correct answer Dizziness, confusion, and incoordination.
What is the effect of H1 antagonists on urticaria? - correct answer
Diminishes redness, itching, and swelling.
Which first-generation H1 antagonists are effective for motion sickness?
- correct answer Promethazine and dimenhydrinate.
How do certain H1 antagonists help with motion sickness? - correct answer
They inhibit muscarinic receptors.
, NR 566
Why are first-generation H1 antagonists included in sleep aids? - correct
answer For short-term management of sleep disturbances.
What are the anticholinergic effects that older adults are more
susceptible to? - correct answer Dizziness, confusion, and sedation.
Why should first-generation antihistamines be used cautiously in older
adults? - correct answer They can increase sedation and anticholinergic
effects, raising the risk of falls and accidents.
What criteria advises against the use of first-generation antihistamines
in older adults? - correct answer Beers Criteria.
What is a concern regarding polypharmacy in older adults? - correct answer
Increased risk of drug interactions and cumulative side effects.
What effect can first-generation antihistamines have on children? - correct
answer They can cause paradoxical excitation, leading to increased
agitation or insomnia.
What is advised for the use of antihistamines in infants? - correct answer
Over-the-counter cold remedies should generally be avoided in children
under four years old.
