Aemca Practice Questions with
Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2026-2027
Updated.
Conduction System - Answer SA node
AV node
AV Junction
Bundle of HIS
Bundle branches
Purkinje fibers
Inter-nodal pathways
Fibrous connective tissue rings
What are the first vessels to branch off the aorta? - Answer *Coronary arteries
Left main coronary artery
Left anterior descending (LAD)
-Circumflex artery (CX)
-Right coronary artery
Where do the coronary arteries travel? - Answer Along the epicardial surface
During what phase of cardiac cycle does coronary perfusion take place? - Answer During
diastole
Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart via which blood vessels?- - Answer Superior and
Inferior vena cava
Ventricles fill passively until what percentage of Stroke Volume is achieved? - Answer -70%
What is the role of the papillary muscles? - Answer -Contract to close AV valves and keep
blood from flowing back into the atria
Stroke volume - Answer • The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle (or right) with
each contraction Determined by preload and force contractility
, Afterload - Answer The resistance against which the heart must pump Determined by
peripheral vascular resistance conditions such as aortic stenosis
Ejection Fraction - Answer • Ratio of blood pumped from the ventricle to the amount
remaining at the end of diastole
Starling's law - Answer • Within physiological limits, the greater myocardium is stretched, the
greater force of contractility
What happens to cardiac contractility in the setting of hypovolemia? - Answer Reduced stretch
Reduced force of contractility
What compensatory mechanisms come into play during hypovolemia? - Answer
Catecholamines attempt to compensate
RIGHT SIDED HEART FAILURE - Answer Neck veins distended Normal or slow heart rate
Hypotension Chest is clear on auscultation Ascites Peripheral edema
LEFT SIDED HEART FAILURE - Answer Crackles SOB Hemoptysis Cough
Heart failure - Answer Blood Flow: goes against the healthy heart's normal flow.
Why might a patient in early exacerbation of CHF present with wheezing auscultation? - Answer
Cardiac Asthma
Cardiac Asthma - Answer Pulmonary interstitial edema irritates the bronchioles causing
bronchospasm
What is stable angina? - Answer Chest pain produced by exertion and relieved by rest
What is unstable angina? : - Answer Onset of chest pain at rest, Non-Q-wave MI
What is variant angina? - Answer Chest pain caused by coronary vasospasm
What is the etiology of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI)? - Answer Rupture of an
atherosclerotic plaque Rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque
Formation of thrombus
Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2026-2027
Updated.
Conduction System - Answer SA node
AV node
AV Junction
Bundle of HIS
Bundle branches
Purkinje fibers
Inter-nodal pathways
Fibrous connective tissue rings
What are the first vessels to branch off the aorta? - Answer *Coronary arteries
Left main coronary artery
Left anterior descending (LAD)
-Circumflex artery (CX)
-Right coronary artery
Where do the coronary arteries travel? - Answer Along the epicardial surface
During what phase of cardiac cycle does coronary perfusion take place? - Answer During
diastole
Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart via which blood vessels?- - Answer Superior and
Inferior vena cava
Ventricles fill passively until what percentage of Stroke Volume is achieved? - Answer -70%
What is the role of the papillary muscles? - Answer -Contract to close AV valves and keep
blood from flowing back into the atria
Stroke volume - Answer • The amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle (or right) with
each contraction Determined by preload and force contractility
, Afterload - Answer The resistance against which the heart must pump Determined by
peripheral vascular resistance conditions such as aortic stenosis
Ejection Fraction - Answer • Ratio of blood pumped from the ventricle to the amount
remaining at the end of diastole
Starling's law - Answer • Within physiological limits, the greater myocardium is stretched, the
greater force of contractility
What happens to cardiac contractility in the setting of hypovolemia? - Answer Reduced stretch
Reduced force of contractility
What compensatory mechanisms come into play during hypovolemia? - Answer
Catecholamines attempt to compensate
RIGHT SIDED HEART FAILURE - Answer Neck veins distended Normal or slow heart rate
Hypotension Chest is clear on auscultation Ascites Peripheral edema
LEFT SIDED HEART FAILURE - Answer Crackles SOB Hemoptysis Cough
Heart failure - Answer Blood Flow: goes against the healthy heart's normal flow.
Why might a patient in early exacerbation of CHF present with wheezing auscultation? - Answer
Cardiac Asthma
Cardiac Asthma - Answer Pulmonary interstitial edema irritates the bronchioles causing
bronchospasm
What is stable angina? - Answer Chest pain produced by exertion and relieved by rest
What is unstable angina? : - Answer Onset of chest pain at rest, Non-Q-wave MI
What is variant angina? - Answer Chest pain caused by coronary vasospasm
What is the etiology of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI)? - Answer Rupture of an
atherosclerotic plaque Rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque
Formation of thrombus
