Care of Older Adults Respiratory Exam Questions with VERIFIED
Answers (Guaranteed Success)
Q1: upper respiratory tract parts
Answer: nose, pharynx, adenoids, tonsils, epiglotties, larynx & trachea
Q2: lower respiratory tract
Answer: bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli
Q3: primary purpose of respiratory system
Answer: gas exchange, which involves transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide between atmosphere and
blood
Q4: how is respirations achieved
Answer: through the coordination of chemical control & respiratory muscles Extrapulmonary factors
(thoracic cage & muscles) and intrapulmonary factors (lung tissue/parenchyma) affect respiratory
function Therefore, the structures of the chest wall (ribs, pleura, and respiratory muscles) are essential
to respiration
, Q5: Age related changes in structure in function ----- DO NOT memorize for test
Answer: ribs become less mobile and chest walla compliance decreases osteoporosis and calcification
of costal cartilage lead to increased rigidity and stiffness of thoracic cage progressive loss of elastic
recoil of lungs parenchyma and conducting airways and reduce elastic recoil of lung and opposing
forces of chest wall lung become less elastic as collagen substances surrounding alveoli and alveolar
ducts stiffen and form cords linkages that interfere with elastic properties of ling s muscle strength
declines with age and respiratory muscles weakness respiratory rate generally are faster and more
shallow decrease in surface area alvalibel for gas exchange which contributes to systemic reduction in
partial pressure of arterial oxygen decrease In number of effectiveness of cilia in tracheobronchial tree
decrease immunoglobulin A (igA) in nasal respiratroy muscle surface that helps fight viruses oxygen
carry capacity of blood reduces PaO2 drops 1mmHg per year Ventilatroy response to hypoxia and
hypercapnia may be diminished by 50% vital capacity is decreased (maximum air that can be inhaled
from person after maximum exhalation)
Q6: risk factors affecting lung function
Answer: exercise and immobility smoking obesity sleep anesthesia and surgery environmental factors
occupations kyphosis and poor posture decline in immune system and host defense mechanism
Q7: common respiratory system in OA
Answer: Alterations in breathing patterns, dyspnea, and coughing Physiologic responses to hypoxemia
and hypercapnia are blunted in older patients; compensatory changes in heart rate, respiratory rate,
and blood pressure may be delayed and cerebral perfusion may suffer. An early sign of respiratory
problems is a change in mental status including subtle increases in forgetfulness and irritability.
Dyspnea at rest is most often associated with acute respiratory or cardiac illness. Dyspnea on exertion
may be related to immobility and respiratory muscle deconditioning. Cough mechanism in older
patients is altered because of loss of elastic recoil and decreased respiratory muscle strength.
Q8: Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases consist of what two disease
Answer: chronic bronchitis and emphysema
Answers (Guaranteed Success)
Q1: upper respiratory tract parts
Answer: nose, pharynx, adenoids, tonsils, epiglotties, larynx & trachea
Q2: lower respiratory tract
Answer: bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli
Q3: primary purpose of respiratory system
Answer: gas exchange, which involves transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide between atmosphere and
blood
Q4: how is respirations achieved
Answer: through the coordination of chemical control & respiratory muscles Extrapulmonary factors
(thoracic cage & muscles) and intrapulmonary factors (lung tissue/parenchyma) affect respiratory
function Therefore, the structures of the chest wall (ribs, pleura, and respiratory muscles) are essential
to respiration
, Q5: Age related changes in structure in function ----- DO NOT memorize for test
Answer: ribs become less mobile and chest walla compliance decreases osteoporosis and calcification
of costal cartilage lead to increased rigidity and stiffness of thoracic cage progressive loss of elastic
recoil of lungs parenchyma and conducting airways and reduce elastic recoil of lung and opposing
forces of chest wall lung become less elastic as collagen substances surrounding alveoli and alveolar
ducts stiffen and form cords linkages that interfere with elastic properties of ling s muscle strength
declines with age and respiratory muscles weakness respiratory rate generally are faster and more
shallow decrease in surface area alvalibel for gas exchange which contributes to systemic reduction in
partial pressure of arterial oxygen decrease In number of effectiveness of cilia in tracheobronchial tree
decrease immunoglobulin A (igA) in nasal respiratroy muscle surface that helps fight viruses oxygen
carry capacity of blood reduces PaO2 drops 1mmHg per year Ventilatroy response to hypoxia and
hypercapnia may be diminished by 50% vital capacity is decreased (maximum air that can be inhaled
from person after maximum exhalation)
Q6: risk factors affecting lung function
Answer: exercise and immobility smoking obesity sleep anesthesia and surgery environmental factors
occupations kyphosis and poor posture decline in immune system and host defense mechanism
Q7: common respiratory system in OA
Answer: Alterations in breathing patterns, dyspnea, and coughing Physiologic responses to hypoxemia
and hypercapnia are blunted in older patients; compensatory changes in heart rate, respiratory rate,
and blood pressure may be delayed and cerebral perfusion may suffer. An early sign of respiratory
problems is a change in mental status including subtle increases in forgetfulness and irritability.
Dyspnea at rest is most often associated with acute respiratory or cardiac illness. Dyspnea on exertion
may be related to immobility and respiratory muscle deconditioning. Cough mechanism in older
patients is altered because of loss of elastic recoil and decreased respiratory muscle strength.
Q8: Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases consist of what two disease
Answer: chronic bronchitis and emphysema
