NSG 300 EXAM 3 | COMPREHENSIVE NURSING STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
3 steps in the process of oxygenation: - correct answer ✔✔ventilation, perfusion, and diffusion
Is inspiration an active or passive process? - correct answer ✔✔active; stimulated by chemical receptors
in the aorta
Is expiration an active or passive process? - correct answer ✔✔passive; depends on the elastic recoil
properties of the lungs, requiring little or no muscle work
TRUE or FALSE: clubbing will not occur in patients with asthma. - correct answer ✔✔FALSE
What is lung capacity based off of? - correct answer ✔✔Age
Gender
Height
Where does pulmonary circulation begin? - correct answer ✔✔pulmonary artery
which receives poorly oxygenated blood from the right ventricle
What affects the rate of gas diffusion in the lungs? - correct answer ✔✔the thickness of the alveolar
capillary membrane
What issues cause a thicker alveolar membrane? - correct answer ✔✔-pulmonary edema
-pulmonary infiltrates
-pulmonary effusion
What chronic diseases alter the amount of alveolar capillary membrane surface? - correct answer ✔✔-
emphysema
-pneumothorax
-lobectomy
TRUE or FALSE: you can never give too much O2 to a patient with COPD - correct answer ✔✔FALSE
if you do so then they will not be able to properly expel CO2
What three things influence the capacity of the blood to carry O2? - correct answer ✔✔1. the amount of
dissolved O2 in the plasma
2. the amount of hemoglobin
3. the ability of the hemoglobin to bind with O2
What does the CNS regulate in terms of respiration? - correct answer ✔✔rate, depth, and rhythm
What does the cerebral cortex regulate in terms of respiration? - correct answer ✔✔voluntary control of
respiration
, What does chemical regulation do in terms of respirations? - correct answer ✔✔maintains appropriate
rate and depth based on changes in CO2, O2, and hydrogen ion concentrations in the blood (pH).
Where are chemoreceptors found in the body? - correct answer ✔✔aortic and carotid bodies
TRUE or FALSE: oxygen decreases as a secondary effect with anemia. - correct answer ✔✔TRUE
What would increase in someone with chronic hypoxemia? - correct answer ✔✔RBCs (polycythemia)
this is the adaptive response of the body to increase the amount of hemoglobin.
What nervous system diseases may affect breathing? - correct answer ✔✔myasthenia gravis, polio, &
guillain-barre
TRUE or FALSE: sickle cell anemia patients could have low SpO2. - correct answer ✔✔TRUE
What are some conditions that may affect chest wall mvement? - correct answer ✔✔pregnancy
obesity
neuromuscular disease
musculoskeletal abnormalities
trauma
CNS alterations
Normal PaCO2 (arterial carbon dioxide): - correct answer ✔✔35-45 mm Hg
Normal PaO2 (arterial oxygen): - correct answer ✔✔80-100 mm Hg
S/S of hypoventilation: - correct answer ✔✔- mental status changes
- dysrhythmias
- potential cardiac arrest
if untreated could lead to:
- convulsions
- unconsciousness
- death
What induces hyperventilation? - correct answer ✔✔anxiety, drugs, infection, or and acid-base
imbalance (metabolic acidosis)
S/S of hyperventilation: - correct answer ✔✔- rapid respirations
- sighing breaths
- numbness and tingling of hands/feet
- light headedness
- loss of consciousness
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 2026/2027
3 steps in the process of oxygenation: - correct answer ✔✔ventilation, perfusion, and diffusion
Is inspiration an active or passive process? - correct answer ✔✔active; stimulated by chemical receptors
in the aorta
Is expiration an active or passive process? - correct answer ✔✔passive; depends on the elastic recoil
properties of the lungs, requiring little or no muscle work
TRUE or FALSE: clubbing will not occur in patients with asthma. - correct answer ✔✔FALSE
What is lung capacity based off of? - correct answer ✔✔Age
Gender
Height
Where does pulmonary circulation begin? - correct answer ✔✔pulmonary artery
which receives poorly oxygenated blood from the right ventricle
What affects the rate of gas diffusion in the lungs? - correct answer ✔✔the thickness of the alveolar
capillary membrane
What issues cause a thicker alveolar membrane? - correct answer ✔✔-pulmonary edema
-pulmonary infiltrates
-pulmonary effusion
What chronic diseases alter the amount of alveolar capillary membrane surface? - correct answer ✔✔-
emphysema
-pneumothorax
-lobectomy
TRUE or FALSE: you can never give too much O2 to a patient with COPD - correct answer ✔✔FALSE
if you do so then they will not be able to properly expel CO2
What three things influence the capacity of the blood to carry O2? - correct answer ✔✔1. the amount of
dissolved O2 in the plasma
2. the amount of hemoglobin
3. the ability of the hemoglobin to bind with O2
What does the CNS regulate in terms of respiration? - correct answer ✔✔rate, depth, and rhythm
What does the cerebral cortex regulate in terms of respiration? - correct answer ✔✔voluntary control of
respiration
, What does chemical regulation do in terms of respirations? - correct answer ✔✔maintains appropriate
rate and depth based on changes in CO2, O2, and hydrogen ion concentrations in the blood (pH).
Where are chemoreceptors found in the body? - correct answer ✔✔aortic and carotid bodies
TRUE or FALSE: oxygen decreases as a secondary effect with anemia. - correct answer ✔✔TRUE
What would increase in someone with chronic hypoxemia? - correct answer ✔✔RBCs (polycythemia)
this is the adaptive response of the body to increase the amount of hemoglobin.
What nervous system diseases may affect breathing? - correct answer ✔✔myasthenia gravis, polio, &
guillain-barre
TRUE or FALSE: sickle cell anemia patients could have low SpO2. - correct answer ✔✔TRUE
What are some conditions that may affect chest wall mvement? - correct answer ✔✔pregnancy
obesity
neuromuscular disease
musculoskeletal abnormalities
trauma
CNS alterations
Normal PaCO2 (arterial carbon dioxide): - correct answer ✔✔35-45 mm Hg
Normal PaO2 (arterial oxygen): - correct answer ✔✔80-100 mm Hg
S/S of hypoventilation: - correct answer ✔✔- mental status changes
- dysrhythmias
- potential cardiac arrest
if untreated could lead to:
- convulsions
- unconsciousness
- death
What induces hyperventilation? - correct answer ✔✔anxiety, drugs, infection, or and acid-base
imbalance (metabolic acidosis)
S/S of hyperventilation: - correct answer ✔✔- rapid respirations
- sighing breaths
- numbness and tingling of hands/feet
- light headedness
- loss of consciousness
