TRU PSYCH 1111 FINAL EXAM UNIT 4 GUIDE 2026
QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS | GRADED
A+ | GUARANTEED PASS!!
Aleksandr Luria's subject 'S'
- answer-Nearly unlimited memory for details, never forgetting anything.
amygdala
- answer-It stores emotional memories and is activated during emotional arousal,
especially fear.
anterograde amnesia
- answer-A memory disorder involving the inability to form new long-term
memories after a brain injury.
Digit span
- answer-A measure of short-term memory capacity, typically 5 to 9 items.
distributed practice
- answer-Information is better remembered when learning is spread out over time
rather than crammed.
Ebbinghaus's forgetting curve
- answer-A graph that shows memory declines rapidly at first, then levels off over
time.
Echoic memory
- answer-Auditory sensory memory that can last up to 4 seconds.
Edward Thorndike
- answer-A psychologist known for his work on the law of effect.
Edward Tolman
- answer-Studied latent learning in rats using mazes.
Effective rewards
- answer-Internal or performance-based rewards (e.g., praise, pride) that
acknowledge achievement tend to increase both performance and enjoyment.
,Eidetic imagery
- answer-The rare ability to recall detailed visual or auditory information with high
precision (often called 'photographic memory').
Elaborative encoding
- answer-Encoding information in meaningful ways, often by linking it to personal
experiences.
Encoding
- answer-The process of placing information into memory.
epinephrine
- answer-It enhances memory, especially for emotionally stressful events.
Associations learned due to evolutionary preparedness
- answer-Associations between smells/tastes and nausea or danger-related stimuli
(e.g., snakes, heights) and fear.
B. F. Skinner
- answer-A psychologist who expanded on Thorndike's work and created operant
conditioning principles.
Bahrick (2000) finding about memory for faces
- answer-People can recognize faces many years later with high accuracy.
Behaviour modification
- answer-The systematic application of operant conditioning principles to change
behaviour by modifying environmental antecedents and consequences.
Behaviourist school of psychology
- answer-The psychological school most closely associated with the study of
learning.
Benefits of observational learning
- answer-It allows learning without direct experience, avoiding potential risks.
, Bobo doll experiment
- answer-Conducted by Albert Bandura, with Dorothea Ross and Sheila Ross.
Bobo doll experiment findings
- answer-Children who watched an aggressive model acted aggressively toward the
doll, showing learned behaviour through observation.
case studies of H.M. and K.C.
- answer-Different types of memory (e.g., semantic vs. episodic) rely on different
brain structures and can be selectively impaired.
Category in memory
- answer-A network of related memories or concepts that share common features.
Central executive
- answer-The component that directs attention and coordinates other components
of working memory.
cerebellum
- answer-It is involved in implicit memory, such as classical conditioning and
procedural learning.
Chunking
- answer-Organizing information into meaningful units to increase short-term
memory capacity.
Classical conditioning
- answer-Classical conditioning is learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus
becomes associated with a stimulus that naturally produces a response, eventually
triggering that response on its own.
Classical conditioning and phobias
- answer-A neutral stimulus (e.g., driving) becomes associated with a negative
experience (e.g., panic attack), resulting in a conditioned fear response.
Classical conditioning and PTSD
- answer-PTSD occurs when situational cues become strongly associated with
traumatic events, triggering fear and anxiety as conditioned responses.
QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS | GRADED
A+ | GUARANTEED PASS!!
Aleksandr Luria's subject 'S'
- answer-Nearly unlimited memory for details, never forgetting anything.
amygdala
- answer-It stores emotional memories and is activated during emotional arousal,
especially fear.
anterograde amnesia
- answer-A memory disorder involving the inability to form new long-term
memories after a brain injury.
Digit span
- answer-A measure of short-term memory capacity, typically 5 to 9 items.
distributed practice
- answer-Information is better remembered when learning is spread out over time
rather than crammed.
Ebbinghaus's forgetting curve
- answer-A graph that shows memory declines rapidly at first, then levels off over
time.
Echoic memory
- answer-Auditory sensory memory that can last up to 4 seconds.
Edward Thorndike
- answer-A psychologist known for his work on the law of effect.
Edward Tolman
- answer-Studied latent learning in rats using mazes.
Effective rewards
- answer-Internal or performance-based rewards (e.g., praise, pride) that
acknowledge achievement tend to increase both performance and enjoyment.
,Eidetic imagery
- answer-The rare ability to recall detailed visual or auditory information with high
precision (often called 'photographic memory').
Elaborative encoding
- answer-Encoding information in meaningful ways, often by linking it to personal
experiences.
Encoding
- answer-The process of placing information into memory.
epinephrine
- answer-It enhances memory, especially for emotionally stressful events.
Associations learned due to evolutionary preparedness
- answer-Associations between smells/tastes and nausea or danger-related stimuli
(e.g., snakes, heights) and fear.
B. F. Skinner
- answer-A psychologist who expanded on Thorndike's work and created operant
conditioning principles.
Bahrick (2000) finding about memory for faces
- answer-People can recognize faces many years later with high accuracy.
Behaviour modification
- answer-The systematic application of operant conditioning principles to change
behaviour by modifying environmental antecedents and consequences.
Behaviourist school of psychology
- answer-The psychological school most closely associated with the study of
learning.
Benefits of observational learning
- answer-It allows learning without direct experience, avoiding potential risks.
, Bobo doll experiment
- answer-Conducted by Albert Bandura, with Dorothea Ross and Sheila Ross.
Bobo doll experiment findings
- answer-Children who watched an aggressive model acted aggressively toward the
doll, showing learned behaviour through observation.
case studies of H.M. and K.C.
- answer-Different types of memory (e.g., semantic vs. episodic) rely on different
brain structures and can be selectively impaired.
Category in memory
- answer-A network of related memories or concepts that share common features.
Central executive
- answer-The component that directs attention and coordinates other components
of working memory.
cerebellum
- answer-It is involved in implicit memory, such as classical conditioning and
procedural learning.
Chunking
- answer-Organizing information into meaningful units to increase short-term
memory capacity.
Classical conditioning
- answer-Classical conditioning is learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus
becomes associated with a stimulus that naturally produces a response, eventually
triggering that response on its own.
Classical conditioning and phobias
- answer-A neutral stimulus (e.g., driving) becomes associated with a negative
experience (e.g., panic attack), resulting in a conditioned fear response.
Classical conditioning and PTSD
- answer-PTSD occurs when situational cues become strongly associated with
traumatic events, triggering fear and anxiety as conditioned responses.
