NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology Final | Chamberlain Practice Exam | Questions, Answers & Detailed Rationales

NR 565 x




Advanced Pharmacology Final | Chamberlain
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x Practice Exam | Questions, Answers & Detailed
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Rationales x




Resource Features x




➢ NR 565 Final practice questions
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➢ Answers for self-assessment
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➢ Detailed rationales
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➢ Advanced pharmacology review
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➢ Patient-education questions x




➢ Safe-prescribing concepts x




➢ Exam-focused review x

, NR 565 Advanced Pharmacology Final | Chamberlain
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Practice Exam | Questions, Answers & Detailed
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Rationales x




1. In which patient population is Metformin contraindicated?
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A. Diabetics with HA1c < 7.0%
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B. Patients older than 50
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C. Alcoholics
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D. Women suffering from infertility
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Answer: C x




Rationale: Metformin is contraindicated in patients with chronic alcoholism due to the
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increased risk of lactic acidosis. Alcohol consumption can precipitate lactic acidosis in
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patients taking metformin, especially in those with hepatic dysfunction or other risk
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factors.
x




2. What lab value suggests metformin might be contraindicated?
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A. eGFR < 30
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B. Crea 0.8
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C. WBC 7.8
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D. Bun 17
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Answer: A x




Rationale: Metformin is contraindicated in patients with an eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m²
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due to the risk of lactic acidosis. The drug is excreted renally, and impaired kidney
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function leads to accumulation. It should be used with caution when eGFR is between
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30-45 and is not recommended when < 30.
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,3. What medication is contraindicated to treat diabetes if a patient
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x already has a cardiac ejection fraction rate of 40%?
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A. Second Generation sulfonylureas
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B. Thiazolidinediones
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C. Dopamine Agonist
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D. Glucosidase Inhibitor
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Answer: B x




Rationale: Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) such as pioglitazone and rosiglitazone are
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contraindicated in patients with heart failure (NYHA Class III or IV) or an ejection fraction
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< 40%. TZDs cause fluid retention and can worsen heart failure.
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4. A 35-year-old female presents with fatigue, anxiety,
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palpitations, weight loss, trouble sleeping, and cold intolerance.
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x Physical exam reveals tachycardia at 104 bpm and slightly
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x enlarged thyroid. Testing reveals hyperthyroidism/Grave's
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x disease. Which agent is first-line treatment?
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A. Methimazole
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B. Metoprolol
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Answer: A x




Rationale: Methimazole is the first-line antithyroid medication for
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hyperthyroidism/Grave's disease. It inhibits thyroid peroxidase, blocking the synthesis of
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thyroid hormones. Beta-blockers like metoprolol are used for symptomatic relief of
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tachycardia but do not treat the underlying hyperthyroidism.
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, 5. Which medication would be considered first-line treatment for a
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newly diagnosed diabetic patient with adequate renal and hepatic
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x function?

A. NovoLog Sliding Scale Insulin
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B. Liraglutide (Victoza)
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C. Oral Metformin
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D. Glipizide
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Answer: C x




Rationale: Metformin is the first-line pharmacologic treatment for type 2 diabetes in
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patients with adequate renal and hepatic function, according to the American Diabetes
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Association guidelines. It is effective, safe, inexpensive, and has beneficial cardiovascular
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effects.
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6. Of the following medications, which is most likely to cause
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x hypoglycemia?

A. Metformin
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B. Insulin
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C. Incretin mimetics
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D. Thiazolidinediones
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Answer: B x




Rationale: Insulin has the highest risk of causing hypoglycemia among all diabetes
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medications. While sulfonylureas also cause hypoglycemia, insulin therapy carries the
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greatest risk due to its mechanism of directly lowering blood glucose.
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7. Which symptoms are most expected of a patient diagnosed with
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x hypothyroidism?