NSG 3250 Exam 1 - Adult Health I Foundations 2026 UPDAT… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
✓ VERIFIED • 2026 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NSG 3250 Exam 1 - Adult Health I Foundations 2026
UPDATE
Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers
with Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations)
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Full Rationales
Status: Verified & Updated for 2026
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 1
,NSG 3250 Exam 1 - Adult Health I Foundations 2026 UPDAT… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A nurse is assessing a patient with a fluid volume deficit. Which clinical manifestation should
the nurse expect to find?
A. Distended neck veins
B. Decreased skin turgor
C. Increased blood pressure
D. Crackles in the lungs
Answer: B
Rationale: Decreased skin turgor, also known as tenting, is a classic sign of dehydration or fluid volume deficit.
Distended neck veins and crackles indicate fluid volume excess. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to
prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education.
2. Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with the presence of Chvostek’s sign and
Trousseau’s sign?
A. Hypocalcemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: A
Rationale: Hypocalcemia increases neuromuscular excitability, leading to signs like Chvostek’s (facial
twitching) and Trousseau’s (carpal spasm). Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care,
anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to
distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
3. A patient’s arterial blood gas (ABG) results are: pH 7.28, PaCO2 55, and HCO3 24. How
should the nurse interpret these results?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Respiratory Acidosis
C. Metabolic Alkalosis
D. Respiratory Alkalosis
Answer: B
Rationale: The pH is low (acidosis) and the PaCO2 is high (respiratory cause), while the bicarbonate is normal,
indicating respiratory acidosis. This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (B)
requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications. Recognizing this
principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 2
, NSG 3250 Exam 1 - Adult Health I Foundations 2026 UPDAT… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
4. During the preoperative phase, what is the primary responsibility of the nurse regarding
informed consent?
A. Explaining the risks and benefits of the procedure
B. Witnessing the patient’s signature on the consent form
C. Deciding if the patient needs the surgery
D. Obtaining the signature from a family member instead of the patient
Answer: B
Rationale: The surgeon is responsible for explaining the procedure. The nurse’s role is to witness the signature
and ensure the patient is competent to sign. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe,
evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes. This is an important clinical concept because
selecting the correct answer (B) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing
implications.
5. A postoperative patient is encouraged to use an incentive spirometer. What is the primary
purpose of this intervention?
A. To increase cardiac output
B. To monitor oxygen saturation
C. To reduce surgical site pain
D. To prevent atelectasis
Answer: D
Rationale: Incentive spirometry encourages deep breathing, which helps expand alveoli and prevent lung
collapse (atelectasis) after surgery. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate
complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this
concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
6. A patient is receiving a hypertonic intravenous solution. The nurse should monitor for which
potential complication?
A. Cellular swelling
B. Hypotension
C. Dehydration of the intravascular space
D. Fluid volume excess
Answer: D
Rationale: Hypertonic solutions pull fluid from the cells into the vascular space, which can lead to circulatory
overload or fluid volume excess. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based
practice and improves patient outcomes. This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct
answer (D) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 3
✓ VERIFIED • 2026 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NSG 3250 Exam 1 - Adult Health I Foundations 2026
UPDATE
Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers
with Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations)
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Full Rationales
Status: Verified & Updated for 2026
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 1
,NSG 3250 Exam 1 - Adult Health I Foundations 2026 UPDAT… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A nurse is assessing a patient with a fluid volume deficit. Which clinical manifestation should
the nurse expect to find?
A. Distended neck veins
B. Decreased skin turgor
C. Increased blood pressure
D. Crackles in the lungs
Answer: B
Rationale: Decreased skin turgor, also known as tenting, is a classic sign of dehydration or fluid volume deficit.
Distended neck veins and crackles indicate fluid volume excess. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to
prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education.
2. Which electrolyte imbalance is most associated with the presence of Chvostek’s sign and
Trousseau’s sign?
A. Hypocalcemia
B. Hyperkalemia
C. Hyponatremia
D. Hypermagnesemia
Answer: A
Rationale: Hypocalcemia increases neuromuscular excitability, leading to signs like Chvostek’s (facial
twitching) and Trousseau’s (carpal spasm). Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care,
anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to
distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
3. A patient’s arterial blood gas (ABG) results are: pH 7.28, PaCO2 55, and HCO3 24. How
should the nurse interpret these results?
A. Metabolic Acidosis
B. Respiratory Acidosis
C. Metabolic Alkalosis
D. Respiratory Alkalosis
Answer: B
Rationale: The pH is low (acidosis) and the PaCO2 is high (respiratory cause), while the bicarbonate is normal,
indicating respiratory acidosis. This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (B)
requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications. Recognizing this
principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 2
, NSG 3250 Exam 1 - Adult Health I Foundations 2026 UPDAT… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
4. During the preoperative phase, what is the primary responsibility of the nurse regarding
informed consent?
A. Explaining the risks and benefits of the procedure
B. Witnessing the patient’s signature on the consent form
C. Deciding if the patient needs the surgery
D. Obtaining the signature from a family member instead of the patient
Answer: B
Rationale: The surgeon is responsible for explaining the procedure. The nurse’s role is to witness the signature
and ensure the patient is competent to sign. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe,
evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes. This is an important clinical concept because
selecting the correct answer (B) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing
implications.
5. A postoperative patient is encouraged to use an incentive spirometer. What is the primary
purpose of this intervention?
A. To increase cardiac output
B. To monitor oxygen saturation
C. To reduce surgical site pain
D. To prevent atelectasis
Answer: D
Rationale: Incentive spirometry encourages deep breathing, which helps expand alveoli and prevent lung
collapse (atelectasis) after surgery. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate
complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this
concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
6. A patient is receiving a hypertonic intravenous solution. The nurse should monitor for which
potential complication?
A. Cellular swelling
B. Hypotension
C. Dehydration of the intravascular space
D. Fluid volume excess
Answer: D
Rationale: Hypertonic solutions pull fluid from the cells into the vascular space, which can lead to circulatory
overload or fluid volume excess. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based
practice and improves patient outcomes. This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct
answer (D) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 3
