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Samenvatting Oncologie | overzicht medicatie

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Volledig overzicht van de verschillende medicaties en behandelingsopties die aan bod kwamen tijdens de les.

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​BEHANDELINGEN​
​chemotherapie​

​klasse​ ​voorbeelden​ ​werking​ ​nevenwerkingen​

​ lkylerende​
a ​afgeleiden van Mustine​ v​ erstoort celfunctie door vorming van covalente​ ​platinum​
​middelen​ ​bindingen in biologisch belangrijke moleculen​ ​●​ ​toxiciteit (neurotoxiciteit, ototoxiciteit, niertoxiciteit,​
​levertoxiciteit, myelosuppressie, pyrexie, nausea &​
​braken)​
​●​ ​zelden: hypersensitiviteit, visuele stoornis,​
​hemolytische anemie, Raynaud, hypertensie, cardiale​
​events, microangiopathie​

​anti-metabolieten​ ​purine analogen​ ​ oen zich voor als purines/pyrimidines →​
d ​azathioprine: immunosuppressief​
​●​ ​azathioprine​ ​inbouwen in DNA → stop celdeling​
​●​ ​thioguanine / fludarabine​
​/ pentostatine​

​pyrimidine analogen​
​●​ ​5FU​
​●​ ​cytarabine​

​anti-folaten​
​●​ ​methotrexaat​
​●​ ​pemetrexaat​

​ lantaardige​
p ​Vinca alkaloïden​ c​ eldeling blokkeren door het voorkomen van​ ​Vinca alkaloïden​
​alkaloïden​ ​●​ ​Vincristine​ ​microtubulaire functie​ ​●​ ​obstipatie​
​●​ ​Vinblastine​
​Taxanes​
​●​ ​Vinorelbine​
​●​ ​allergische reacties​
​●​ ​Vindesine​ ​○​ ​R/ preventief steroïden of antihistaminica​
​●​ ​neuropathie​
​Podophyllotoxin (etoposide)​

​Taxanes​
​●​ ​paclitaxel (Taxol)​
​●​ ​docetaxel (Taxotere)​

, t​opoisomerase​ ​ ​ t​ype I: Irinotecan, Topotecan​
● i​nterfereren met transcriptie en replicatie van​
​inhibitoren​ ​●​ ​type II: etoposide,​ ​DNA door verstoring van DNA supercoiling​
​teniposide, anthracyclines​

​cytotoxische AB​ ​​ a
● ​ nthracyclines​ ​​
● t​opo II​α ​interactief agentia​ ​anthracyclines​
​●​ ​bleomycine​ ​●​ ​directe DNA en RNA intercalator​ ​●​ ​hematologisch​
​●​ ​mitomycine​ ​●​ ​generatie van vrije radicalen​ ​●​ ​nausea & vomiting​
​●​ ​inhibitie van helicase enzym (ontrollen​ ​●​ ​alopecia, huidreacties (flare, flushing, nagels),​
​van DNA-strengen)​ ​radiation recall​
​●​ ​conjunctivitis, lacromatie​
​●​ ​mucositis, diarree​
​●​ ​lange termijn: carcinogeen (leukemie)​
​●​ ​cardiotoxiciteit (cumulatief effect)​
​○​ ​acuut: aritmieën​
​○​ ​chronisch: hartfalen​

​bleomycine: ILD → nooit 100 O​​2​ ​toedienen​

​targeted therapie​




​EGFR-inhibitor​ ​●​ E ​ C: cetuximab,​ ​resistentie door ontwikkeling van nieuwe mutaties​
​panitumumab​
​●​ ​IC: Imatinib mesylate​ I​C: blokkeert de kinase activiteit van BCR-ABL,​
​(Glivec ©), ericitinid,​ ​PDGRR​α​-​β ​en KIT​ ​toepassingen: ALL, GIST-tumoren​
​gefitinib​

​VEGF-inhibitor​ ​●​ ​EC: Bevacizumab​ ​inhibitie van de angiogenese​ ​arteriële hypertensie​

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