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JACI Primer Verified Questions And Answers Exam ||Just
Out!!!
Question 1. An 18-year-old woman presents with a history of
recurrent respiratory tract infections in the past 3 months. She
has been previously healthy. Which of the following is the most
likely cause of immunodeficiency in this patient?
A. severe combined immunodeficiency
B. HIV infection
C. X-linked agammaglobulinemia
D. hyper-IgM syndrome - ANSWER-1. Answer: B
Explanation: From the 4 options, option B is the most likely
answer. HIV infection can be considered as a cause of
immunodeficiency at any age. Options A, C, and D are primary
immunodeficiencies that present clinically in infancy or early
childhood.
Question 2. Which of the following is a characteristic of a sec-
ondary immunodeficiency?
A. The clinical presentation is variable.
B. A defect in T-cell function can always be identified.
C. Management should prioritize immunoglobulin
supplementation in all cases.
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D. Phagocyte chemotaxis is normal. - ANSWER-2. Answer: A
Explanation: Secondary immunodeficiencies have a variable
clinical presentation. T-cell, B-cell, or innate immunity
components, including phagocyte function, might or might not
be affected. Management should include immunoglobulin
supplementation only if humoral responses are not restored
despite optimal control of the primary disease.
Question 3. Calcineurin inhibitors primarily inhibit—
A. oxidative burst.
B. complement activation.
C. T-cell activation.
D. calcium membrane receptor. - ANSWER-3. Answer: C
Explanation: Calcineurin inhibitors suppress IL-2-induced T-cell
activation and proliferation, by binding immunophilin proteins
in the cytoplasm. They do not affect the oxidative burst,
complement activity, or calcium receptors.
Question 4. In patients with HIV infection, which of the
following is true?
A. AIDS, the advanced stage of HIV infection, develops when B
cells are depleted.
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B. The presence of the chemokine receptor CCR5 in cell
membrane blocks HIV infection.
C. The presence of the chemokine receptor CCR5 in cell
membrane is necessary for HIV infection.
D. An adenovirus-based anti-HIV vaccine has been
demonstrated to reduce HIV infection in a large placebo-
controlled trial. - ANSWER-4. Answer: C
Explanation: HIV infects its target cell by using the CD4
molecule in the cell membrane and the chemokine receptors
CCR5 and CXCR4. Cells presenting with CCR5 deletions are not
permissive for HIV infection. AIDS develops when there is
severe depletion of T cells. Although an adenovirus-based anti-
HIV vaccine has been shown to elicit specific immunologic
responses, it did not demonstrate protection in a large trial of
3,000 subjects.
Question 1. Which of the following statements is true regarding
anti-CCP antibodies in patients with RA?
A. The appearance of anti-CCP antibodies in the bloodstream
coincides with the onset of clinical RA.
B. Anti-CCP antibodies are highly specific for RA.
C. Patients with RA who have anti-CCP antibodies tend to
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have milder disease than those who do not have the
antibodies.
D. Rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP antibodies are about
equally specific for RA. - ANSWER-1. Answer: B
Explanation: Anti-CCP antibodies can be present years before
the onset of clinical disease. Patients with RA who have anti-
CCP antibodies tend to have more aggressive erosive disease.
Anti-CCP antibodies are more specific but less sensitive than
rheumatoid factor for diagnosing RA.
Question 2. Comparing the traditional disease-modifying anti-
rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) used to treat RA with the new
biologic DMARDS, which of the following statements is true?
A. The biologic DMARDs target specific factors in the immune
system, such as proinflammatory cytokines.
B. Current American College of Rheumatology
recommendations include initiation of biologic DMARDs within
3 months of diagnosis of RA.
C. Traditional DMARDs, such as methotrexate, increase
cardiovascular risk in patients with RA.
JACI Primer Verified Questions And Answers Exam ||Just
Out!!!
Question 1. An 18-year-old woman presents with a history of
recurrent respiratory tract infections in the past 3 months. She
has been previously healthy. Which of the following is the most
likely cause of immunodeficiency in this patient?
A. severe combined immunodeficiency
B. HIV infection
C. X-linked agammaglobulinemia
D. hyper-IgM syndrome - ANSWER-1. Answer: B
Explanation: From the 4 options, option B is the most likely
answer. HIV infection can be considered as a cause of
immunodeficiency at any age. Options A, C, and D are primary
immunodeficiencies that present clinically in infancy or early
childhood.
Question 2. Which of the following is a characteristic of a sec-
ondary immunodeficiency?
A. The clinical presentation is variable.
B. A defect in T-cell function can always be identified.
C. Management should prioritize immunoglobulin
supplementation in all cases.
,2|Page
D. Phagocyte chemotaxis is normal. - ANSWER-2. Answer: A
Explanation: Secondary immunodeficiencies have a variable
clinical presentation. T-cell, B-cell, or innate immunity
components, including phagocyte function, might or might not
be affected. Management should include immunoglobulin
supplementation only if humoral responses are not restored
despite optimal control of the primary disease.
Question 3. Calcineurin inhibitors primarily inhibit—
A. oxidative burst.
B. complement activation.
C. T-cell activation.
D. calcium membrane receptor. - ANSWER-3. Answer: C
Explanation: Calcineurin inhibitors suppress IL-2-induced T-cell
activation and proliferation, by binding immunophilin proteins
in the cytoplasm. They do not affect the oxidative burst,
complement activity, or calcium receptors.
Question 4. In patients with HIV infection, which of the
following is true?
A. AIDS, the advanced stage of HIV infection, develops when B
cells are depleted.
,3|Page
B. The presence of the chemokine receptor CCR5 in cell
membrane blocks HIV infection.
C. The presence of the chemokine receptor CCR5 in cell
membrane is necessary for HIV infection.
D. An adenovirus-based anti-HIV vaccine has been
demonstrated to reduce HIV infection in a large placebo-
controlled trial. - ANSWER-4. Answer: C
Explanation: HIV infects its target cell by using the CD4
molecule in the cell membrane and the chemokine receptors
CCR5 and CXCR4. Cells presenting with CCR5 deletions are not
permissive for HIV infection. AIDS develops when there is
severe depletion of T cells. Although an adenovirus-based anti-
HIV vaccine has been shown to elicit specific immunologic
responses, it did not demonstrate protection in a large trial of
3,000 subjects.
Question 1. Which of the following statements is true regarding
anti-CCP antibodies in patients with RA?
A. The appearance of anti-CCP antibodies in the bloodstream
coincides with the onset of clinical RA.
B. Anti-CCP antibodies are highly specific for RA.
C. Patients with RA who have anti-CCP antibodies tend to
, 4|Page
have milder disease than those who do not have the
antibodies.
D. Rheumatoid factor and anti-CCP antibodies are about
equally specific for RA. - ANSWER-1. Answer: B
Explanation: Anti-CCP antibodies can be present years before
the onset of clinical disease. Patients with RA who have anti-
CCP antibodies tend to have more aggressive erosive disease.
Anti-CCP antibodies are more specific but less sensitive than
rheumatoid factor for diagnosing RA.
Question 2. Comparing the traditional disease-modifying anti-
rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) used to treat RA with the new
biologic DMARDS, which of the following statements is true?
A. The biologic DMARDs target specific factors in the immune
system, such as proinflammatory cytokines.
B. Current American College of Rheumatology
recommendations include initiation of biologic DMARDs within
3 months of diagnosis of RA.
C. Traditional DMARDs, such as methotrexate, increase
cardiovascular risk in patients with RA.
