NR546 Psychopharmacology Week 7
Latest recent and frequently tested exam
with comprehensive questions and
verified accurate solution (detailed &
elaborated) GRADED A+
,Which neurotransmitters play a role in Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)? - correct
ans:Norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) play a role in the symptoms and treatment of ADHD.
, When is ADHD typically diagnosed? - correct ans:ADHD is typically diagnosed in childhood, many
individuals experience symptoms into adolescence and adulthood.
Prevalence of ADHD - correct ans:
Symptoms of ADHD - correct ans:- ADHD symptoms typically start before the age of 12, though
symptoms may begin to appear as early as 3 years of age.
- ADHD presents as a constellation of symptoms related to attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
- Symptoms related to attention usually develop 2-4 years after the emergence of hyperactive symptoms
in childhood.
ADHD across the lifespan - correct ans:
Neurological Basis: Genetics - correct ans:Genetics plays an important role in the development of ADHD.
The major genes implicated in ADHD are those linked to DA, though the α2A-adrenergic receptor,
serotonin receptors, among others. Family and twin studies indicate a heritability of up to 88%.
Adoption studies reinforce the genetic component of ADHD.
Other risk factors for ADHD include:
- premature birth
- low birth weight
- maternal stress during pregnancy
- prenatal substance exposure, including tobacco
- adverse childhood environmental factors
- psychosocial stress
- inconsistent parenting practices
Neurological Basis: Neuroanatomy - correct ans:Specific ADHD symptoms may arise from abnormalities
within circuits in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), which affect executive function.
Latest recent and frequently tested exam
with comprehensive questions and
verified accurate solution (detailed &
elaborated) GRADED A+
,Which neurotransmitters play a role in Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)? - correct
ans:Norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) play a role in the symptoms and treatment of ADHD.
, When is ADHD typically diagnosed? - correct ans:ADHD is typically diagnosed in childhood, many
individuals experience symptoms into adolescence and adulthood.
Prevalence of ADHD - correct ans:
Symptoms of ADHD - correct ans:- ADHD symptoms typically start before the age of 12, though
symptoms may begin to appear as early as 3 years of age.
- ADHD presents as a constellation of symptoms related to attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
- Symptoms related to attention usually develop 2-4 years after the emergence of hyperactive symptoms
in childhood.
ADHD across the lifespan - correct ans:
Neurological Basis: Genetics - correct ans:Genetics plays an important role in the development of ADHD.
The major genes implicated in ADHD are those linked to DA, though the α2A-adrenergic receptor,
serotonin receptors, among others. Family and twin studies indicate a heritability of up to 88%.
Adoption studies reinforce the genetic component of ADHD.
Other risk factors for ADHD include:
- premature birth
- low birth weight
- maternal stress during pregnancy
- prenatal substance exposure, including tobacco
- adverse childhood environmental factors
- psychosocial stress
- inconsistent parenting practices
Neurological Basis: Neuroanatomy - correct ans:Specific ADHD symptoms may arise from abnormalities
within circuits in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), which affect executive function.
