TEST BANK FOR
Criminology Today An Integrative Introduction, 11th edition Frank Schmalleger
Chapter 1-15
Chapter 1 What Is Criminology?
1.1 Multiple Choice Questions
M
1) The view of crime as human conduct that violates the criminal law is drawn from a
________ perspective.
A) political
A M
B) sociological
C) psychological
D) legalistic
FI A
Answer: C
Objective: What is crime? What is the definition of crime that the author of this text has
chosen to use?
Level: Basic
A F
2) ―Human conduct that is in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government,
or a local jurisdiction that has the power to make such laws‖ is a definition of ________.
A) criminology
D IA
B) crime
C) criminal
D) deviance
Answer: B
O D
Objective: What is crime? What is the definition of crime that the author of this text has
chosen to use?
Level: Basic
CS O
3) The belief that crime is an antisocial act of such a nature that repression is necessary to
preserve the existing system of society is the basis of the ________ perspective on crime
A) legal
B) political
C) sociological
D) psychological
Answer: C
Objective: What is crime? What is the definition of crime that the author of this text has
chosen to use?
Level: Basic
C
1
S
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,4) Which of the following statements regarding a crime harm index (CHI) is true?
A) A CHI counts each offense equally.
B) A CHI argues that each offense has a similar impact on victims or on society.
C) A CHI primarily focuses on street crimes that are most commonly committed by
individuals who have lower incomes.
D) A CHI assigns different weights to crimes based on the harm they cause.
Answer: D
Objective: What is crime? What is the definition of crime that the author of this text has
chosen to use?
M
Level: Basic
5) Which of the following statements about deviance and crime is true?
A) All deviant behavior is criminal.
A M
B) All criminal behavior is deviant.
C) Deviant behavior and criminal behavior overlap.
D) Deviant behavior and criminal behavior are mutually exclusive categories.
Answer: C
FI A
Objective: What is deviance? How are crime and deviance similar? How do they differ?
Level: Intermediate
6) You are running late to class and there is an exam today. To get to class on time, you drive
A F
about 10 miles about the speed limit. This is an example of behavior that is ________.
A) deviant but not criminal
B) criminal but not deviant
D IA
C) both deviant and criminal
D) neither deviant nor criminal
Answer: B
Objective: What is deviance? How are crime and deviance similar? How do they differ?
O D
Level: Intermediate
7) Which of the following behaviors is criminal only when committed by a child but is legal
CS O
when committed by an adult?
A) Shoplifting a candy bar
B) Drinking alcohol
C) Speeding
D) Joyriding
Answer: B
Objective: What is deviance? How are crime and deviance similar? How do they differ?
Level: Intermediate
8) The ________ perspective says that laws should be enacted to criminalize certain behaviors
C
when members of society generally agree that such laws are necessary?
2
S
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, A) consensus
B) sociological
C) pluralistic
D) legalistic
Answer: A
Objective: Who decides what should be criminal? How are such decisions made?
Level: Basic
9) The pluralistic perspective suggests that behaviors are typically criminalized through
M
________.
A) a political process
B) the general agreement of most members of society
C) the existence of shared norms and values
A M
D) consensus
Answer: A
Objective: Who decides what should be criminal? How are such decisions made?
Level: Basic
FI A
10) The gun control debate is an example of the ________ perspective.
A) consensus
B) sociological
A F
C) conflict
D) pluralistic
Answer: D
D IA
Objective: Who decides what should be criminal? How are such decisions made?
Level: Intermediate
O D
11) ________ is the field of study that is concerned primarily with the causes and consequences
of crime.
A) Criminal justice
B) Criminology
CS O
C) Criminality
D) Criminalistics
Answer: B
Objective: What is criminology? What are its many roots?
Level: Basic
12) Criminal justice focuses on ________.
A) the control of lawbreaking
B) the causes of crime
C
C) the consequences of crime
3
S
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, D) the victim
Answer: A
Objective: What is criminology? What are its many roots?
Level: Basic
13) A ________ studies crime, criminals, and criminal behavior.
A) scientist
B) criminal justice professional
C) criminologist
M
D) criminalist
Answer: C
Objective: What do criminologists do?
Level: Basic
A M
14) Which of the following individuals would most likely be considered a criminalist?
A) A victims’ advocate
FI A
B) A polygraph operator
C) A computer crime investigator
D) A correctional officer
Answer: B
Objective: What do criminologists do?
A F
Level: Intermediate
15) A(n) ________ theory of crime attempts to explain all or most forms of criminal conduct
D IA
through a single, overarching approach.
A) complete
B) unicausal
O D
C) integrated
D) general
Answer: D
Objective: What do criminologists do?
CS O
Level: Basic
16) You are learning about a specific general theory which suggests that all types of criminal and
deviant behavior can be explained by a single factor: a lack of self-control. This is an
example of a(n) ________ theory.
A) integrated
B) unicausal
C) bicameral
D) complete
Answer: B
C
Objective: What do criminologists do?
4
S
Copyright © 2025 Pearson Education, Inc.
Criminology Today An Integrative Introduction, 11th edition Frank Schmalleger
Chapter 1-15
Chapter 1 What Is Criminology?
1.1 Multiple Choice Questions
M
1) The view of crime as human conduct that violates the criminal law is drawn from a
________ perspective.
A) political
A M
B) sociological
C) psychological
D) legalistic
FI A
Answer: C
Objective: What is crime? What is the definition of crime that the author of this text has
chosen to use?
Level: Basic
A F
2) ―Human conduct that is in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government,
or a local jurisdiction that has the power to make such laws‖ is a definition of ________.
A) criminology
D IA
B) crime
C) criminal
D) deviance
Answer: B
O D
Objective: What is crime? What is the definition of crime that the author of this text has
chosen to use?
Level: Basic
CS O
3) The belief that crime is an antisocial act of such a nature that repression is necessary to
preserve the existing system of society is the basis of the ________ perspective on crime
A) legal
B) political
C) sociological
D) psychological
Answer: C
Objective: What is crime? What is the definition of crime that the author of this text has
chosen to use?
Level: Basic
C
1
S
Copyright © 2025 Pearson Education, Inc.
,4) Which of the following statements regarding a crime harm index (CHI) is true?
A) A CHI counts each offense equally.
B) A CHI argues that each offense has a similar impact on victims or on society.
C) A CHI primarily focuses on street crimes that are most commonly committed by
individuals who have lower incomes.
D) A CHI assigns different weights to crimes based on the harm they cause.
Answer: D
Objective: What is crime? What is the definition of crime that the author of this text has
chosen to use?
M
Level: Basic
5) Which of the following statements about deviance and crime is true?
A) All deviant behavior is criminal.
A M
B) All criminal behavior is deviant.
C) Deviant behavior and criminal behavior overlap.
D) Deviant behavior and criminal behavior are mutually exclusive categories.
Answer: C
FI A
Objective: What is deviance? How are crime and deviance similar? How do they differ?
Level: Intermediate
6) You are running late to class and there is an exam today. To get to class on time, you drive
A F
about 10 miles about the speed limit. This is an example of behavior that is ________.
A) deviant but not criminal
B) criminal but not deviant
D IA
C) both deviant and criminal
D) neither deviant nor criminal
Answer: B
Objective: What is deviance? How are crime and deviance similar? How do they differ?
O D
Level: Intermediate
7) Which of the following behaviors is criminal only when committed by a child but is legal
CS O
when committed by an adult?
A) Shoplifting a candy bar
B) Drinking alcohol
C) Speeding
D) Joyriding
Answer: B
Objective: What is deviance? How are crime and deviance similar? How do they differ?
Level: Intermediate
8) The ________ perspective says that laws should be enacted to criminalize certain behaviors
C
when members of society generally agree that such laws are necessary?
2
S
Copyright © 2025 Pearson Education, Inc.
, A) consensus
B) sociological
C) pluralistic
D) legalistic
Answer: A
Objective: Who decides what should be criminal? How are such decisions made?
Level: Basic
9) The pluralistic perspective suggests that behaviors are typically criminalized through
M
________.
A) a political process
B) the general agreement of most members of society
C) the existence of shared norms and values
A M
D) consensus
Answer: A
Objective: Who decides what should be criminal? How are such decisions made?
Level: Basic
FI A
10) The gun control debate is an example of the ________ perspective.
A) consensus
B) sociological
A F
C) conflict
D) pluralistic
Answer: D
D IA
Objective: Who decides what should be criminal? How are such decisions made?
Level: Intermediate
O D
11) ________ is the field of study that is concerned primarily with the causes and consequences
of crime.
A) Criminal justice
B) Criminology
CS O
C) Criminality
D) Criminalistics
Answer: B
Objective: What is criminology? What are its many roots?
Level: Basic
12) Criminal justice focuses on ________.
A) the control of lawbreaking
B) the causes of crime
C
C) the consequences of crime
3
S
Copyright © 2025 Pearson Education, Inc.
, D) the victim
Answer: A
Objective: What is criminology? What are its many roots?
Level: Basic
13) A ________ studies crime, criminals, and criminal behavior.
A) scientist
B) criminal justice professional
C) criminologist
M
D) criminalist
Answer: C
Objective: What do criminologists do?
Level: Basic
A M
14) Which of the following individuals would most likely be considered a criminalist?
A) A victims’ advocate
FI A
B) A polygraph operator
C) A computer crime investigator
D) A correctional officer
Answer: B
Objective: What do criminologists do?
A F
Level: Intermediate
15) A(n) ________ theory of crime attempts to explain all or most forms of criminal conduct
D IA
through a single, overarching approach.
A) complete
B) unicausal
O D
C) integrated
D) general
Answer: D
Objective: What do criminologists do?
CS O
Level: Basic
16) You are learning about a specific general theory which suggests that all types of criminal and
deviant behavior can be explained by a single factor: a lack of self-control. This is an
example of a(n) ________ theory.
A) integrated
B) unicausal
C) bicameral
D) complete
Answer: B
C
Objective: What do criminologists do?
4
S
Copyright © 2025 Pearson Education, Inc.
