Key Terms and Concepts for WGU D265 1 Final OA
Exam Guide-Graded A
Technical terms/concepts from Section 1 Basic components
Critical thinking -is a process of evaluation which uses logic to separate truth from falsehood,
reasonable from unreasonable beliefs.
Proposition.declarative staments that is either true (denoted either or false. That can be true or false
and can be proven with certainty of
guarantee. a statement that can be either true or false; it must be one or the other, and it cannot be
both. •Proposition mirrors the world and explains how world is.Ex: Grass is green",(true) and( "2
+ 5 = 5"(False).
“if the moon is made of cheese then basketballs are round.
“if spiders have eight legs then Sam walks with a limp.”
Non-proposition- sentence that are commands,exclaimed,questioned,perform,
exhort,pleads/ request. Would you please stop that. Close the door", and "Is it hot outside.
Complete the following exercises:
Categorize each of the following as a proposition or a non-proposition.
Let’s go get lunch.NP( command)
Lunch is the most important meal of the day.P
How much did the lunch cost?
NP( question)
Lunch is not the most important meal of the day.P
While there are many places that we could go for lunch, given that you are a vegetarian,
we should go to that café on the corner.P
Make sure you get enough to eat.NP
• · simple proposition: have no internal logical structure. Independent/Declarative
sentences
w/o commands that are one thought true or false based on how the world is.
Complex propsition: statements that have internal logical structure which compose of
simple propositions that are connected.
Complete the following exercises:
Break each complex proposition down into its simple propositions.
https://payhip.com/b/Ef2dB
, I am hungry, and I want to go to lunch.
I am hungry. I want to go to lunch. . (breakdown)
You are not hungry, but you should come to lunch with me.
You are not hungry. You should come to lunch with me.(breakdown)
If it costs too much, then I will not buy it.
If it costs too much. I will not buy it.
.(breakdown)
Argument- “argument”: set of statements, some of which (the premises) attempt to provide a
reason for thinking that some other statement (the conclusion) is true.
• SN;All arguments contain at least two statements or propositions: a conclusion and one or
more premises that lend support to the conclusion.
• * attempt to justify an inference from one or more statements (the premises) to a conclusion
argument" and "inference" are used interchangeably.
• Non-argument- non-argument”:Narrative/tell a story/makes statement or explanation
Complete the following exercises:
Classify the following as an argument or a non-argument.
Apples are healthy, Therefore, you should eat apples.A
They bought the apples because they are healthy.NA
The little boy went to the moon. He sprinkled fairy dust on his feet, and he flew into the sky. He liked
his time on the moon.NA
I know that we never landed on the moon because the footage looks weird to me.A
Premise- claims,evidence,and ideas intended to support the conclusion. They are the
assumptions we are asked to make. They are all supposed to be statements (propositions) that
support or demonstrate the conclusion whether directly or indirectly. Why are you telling me
this? What's the point? Why
tell me that?" *Premise indicators have the general sense of "from this fact I am going
to infer somethingelse.Because,For,Given that,In that,As,Since, As indicated by
• Conclusion- is the claim that the whole
argument is intended to support or demonstrate or prove.”OK, but why would anyone believe
that? Give me reasons or evidence for accepting that claim."
• Conclusions make you ask: Why would
anyone believe that? Give me reasons or evidence for accepting that claim."
• :Conclusion indcators. I have told you some things or I am about to tell you some things, now
here is what I want you to believe.” Ex:The Sun Blazers are by far the best basketball team this
season. Wait, why do you say that? What is your evidence? Therefore,So,It follows
that,Hence,Thus,Entails that, We may conclude that, Implies that,Wherefore,As a result
https://payhip.com/b/Ef2dB
Exam Guide-Graded A
Technical terms/concepts from Section 1 Basic components
Critical thinking -is a process of evaluation which uses logic to separate truth from falsehood,
reasonable from unreasonable beliefs.
Proposition.declarative staments that is either true (denoted either or false. That can be true or false
and can be proven with certainty of
guarantee. a statement that can be either true or false; it must be one or the other, and it cannot be
both. •Proposition mirrors the world and explains how world is.Ex: Grass is green",(true) and( "2
+ 5 = 5"(False).
“if the moon is made of cheese then basketballs are round.
“if spiders have eight legs then Sam walks with a limp.”
Non-proposition- sentence that are commands,exclaimed,questioned,perform,
exhort,pleads/ request. Would you please stop that. Close the door", and "Is it hot outside.
Complete the following exercises:
Categorize each of the following as a proposition or a non-proposition.
Let’s go get lunch.NP( command)
Lunch is the most important meal of the day.P
How much did the lunch cost?
NP( question)
Lunch is not the most important meal of the day.P
While there are many places that we could go for lunch, given that you are a vegetarian,
we should go to that café on the corner.P
Make sure you get enough to eat.NP
• · simple proposition: have no internal logical structure. Independent/Declarative
sentences
w/o commands that are one thought true or false based on how the world is.
Complex propsition: statements that have internal logical structure which compose of
simple propositions that are connected.
Complete the following exercises:
Break each complex proposition down into its simple propositions.
https://payhip.com/b/Ef2dB
, I am hungry, and I want to go to lunch.
I am hungry. I want to go to lunch. . (breakdown)
You are not hungry, but you should come to lunch with me.
You are not hungry. You should come to lunch with me.(breakdown)
If it costs too much, then I will not buy it.
If it costs too much. I will not buy it.
.(breakdown)
Argument- “argument”: set of statements, some of which (the premises) attempt to provide a
reason for thinking that some other statement (the conclusion) is true.
• SN;All arguments contain at least two statements or propositions: a conclusion and one or
more premises that lend support to the conclusion.
• * attempt to justify an inference from one or more statements (the premises) to a conclusion
argument" and "inference" are used interchangeably.
• Non-argument- non-argument”:Narrative/tell a story/makes statement or explanation
Complete the following exercises:
Classify the following as an argument or a non-argument.
Apples are healthy, Therefore, you should eat apples.A
They bought the apples because they are healthy.NA
The little boy went to the moon. He sprinkled fairy dust on his feet, and he flew into the sky. He liked
his time on the moon.NA
I know that we never landed on the moon because the footage looks weird to me.A
Premise- claims,evidence,and ideas intended to support the conclusion. They are the
assumptions we are asked to make. They are all supposed to be statements (propositions) that
support or demonstrate the conclusion whether directly or indirectly. Why are you telling me
this? What's the point? Why
tell me that?" *Premise indicators have the general sense of "from this fact I am going
to infer somethingelse.Because,For,Given that,In that,As,Since, As indicated by
• Conclusion- is the claim that the whole
argument is intended to support or demonstrate or prove.”OK, but why would anyone believe
that? Give me reasons or evidence for accepting that claim."
• Conclusions make you ask: Why would
anyone believe that? Give me reasons or evidence for accepting that claim."
• :Conclusion indcators. I have told you some things or I am about to tell you some things, now
here is what I want you to believe.” Ex:The Sun Blazers are by far the best basketball team this
season. Wait, why do you say that? What is your evidence? Therefore,So,It follows
that,Hence,Thus,Entails that, We may conclude that, Implies that,Wherefore,As a result
https://payhip.com/b/Ef2dB
