NURS 399 EXAM 2 2026/2027 | PATHOPHYSIOLOGY &
PHARMACOLOGY STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, ANSWERS &
EXAM REVIEW
any patient telling you they are experiencing an allergic reaction to something - you MUST assess
whether or not they have EVER been exposed to that something before. A PRIORITY piece of
assessment. - correct answer ✔✔first exposure = no response
second exposure = inflammatory response
A parent calls the nurse telehealth triage line with concerns about an allergic reaction to something a
child ate. Which symptoms should the nurse instruct the parent to assess for to determine if the child is
having an anaphylactic reaction? Select all that apply
A. Wheezing
B. Diffuse urticaria
C. Fever
D. Lightheadedness
E. Dyspnea - correct answer ✔✔A.
B. (full body hives)
D.
E.
The home care nurse is preparing to visit a client who has undergone renal transplantation. The nurse
develops a plan of care that includes monitoring the client for signs of acute graft rejection. The nurse
documents in the plan to assess the client for which signs of acute graft rejection?
A. Fever, hypotension, and polyuria
B.Hypertension, polyuria, and thirst
C.Fever, hypertension, and graft tenderness
D.Hypotension, graft tenderness, and hypothermia - correct answer ✔✔C. Fever, hypertension, and graft
tenderness
Kidneys not working properly(not producing urine)
hypervoleimia leads to hypertension and edema
A toddler is exposed to a sibling who has varicella zoster and contracts the disease. When exposed to
another toddler at school months later, the toddler does not develop clinical indicators of the disease.
What type of immunity is being described?
A.Artificially acquired passive immunity
B.Artificially acquired active immunity
C.Naturally acquired passive immunity
D.Naturally acquired active immunity - correct answer ✔✔D.
breast feeding mother give what antibody - correct answer ✔✔IgA
, Which of the following are signs and symptoms of liver failure? Select all that apply
A. Steatorrhea
B. Jaundice
C. Decreased liver enzymes
D. Nausea and vomiting
E. Pruritus
F. Abdominal pain
G. Petechiae
H. Confusion - correct answer ✔✔A, B, D, E, F, G, H
Fats pass through due to no bile
Bilirubin build up (no bile production)
*patient will have increased blood levels of liver enzymes
common symtom (nausea)
itching is common
abdominal pain is common
bleeding due to liver not producing clotting factors
confusion due to ammonia buildup (liver converts ammonia to urea)
Which of the following snacks should be avoided in a patient with hepatic encephalopathy?
A.High-protein
B.High-fat
C.High-carbohydrate
D.High-fiber - correct answer ✔✔A. (buildups up more ammonia) -makes brain function worse
Which of the following statements is true regarding adaptive immunity?
A. Cytotoxic T cells promote opsonization of Helper T Cells
B. Macrophages produce antibodies in response to antigens
C. Helper T cells activate B cells to produce antibodies
D. B lymphocytes differentiate into plasma B cells and T cells - correct answer ✔✔C
Which of the following is NOT an element of the innate immune system?
A Macrophages
B. Natural Killer cells
C. Epithelial cells of the skin
D. T lymphocytes - correct answer ✔✔D
Which of the following is integral to the rapid secondary immune response we see following
vaccinations?
A. Helper T cells encountering the antigen for the first time
B. Inflammation at the injection site promoting phagocytosis
C. Memory B cells responding immediately to antigen
D. Antibody production that peaks after 2-3 weeks - correct answer ✔✔C
PHARMACOLOGY STUDY GUIDE, PRACTICE QUESTIONS, ANSWERS &
EXAM REVIEW
any patient telling you they are experiencing an allergic reaction to something - you MUST assess
whether or not they have EVER been exposed to that something before. A PRIORITY piece of
assessment. - correct answer ✔✔first exposure = no response
second exposure = inflammatory response
A parent calls the nurse telehealth triage line with concerns about an allergic reaction to something a
child ate. Which symptoms should the nurse instruct the parent to assess for to determine if the child is
having an anaphylactic reaction? Select all that apply
A. Wheezing
B. Diffuse urticaria
C. Fever
D. Lightheadedness
E. Dyspnea - correct answer ✔✔A.
B. (full body hives)
D.
E.
The home care nurse is preparing to visit a client who has undergone renal transplantation. The nurse
develops a plan of care that includes monitoring the client for signs of acute graft rejection. The nurse
documents in the plan to assess the client for which signs of acute graft rejection?
A. Fever, hypotension, and polyuria
B.Hypertension, polyuria, and thirst
C.Fever, hypertension, and graft tenderness
D.Hypotension, graft tenderness, and hypothermia - correct answer ✔✔C. Fever, hypertension, and graft
tenderness
Kidneys not working properly(not producing urine)
hypervoleimia leads to hypertension and edema
A toddler is exposed to a sibling who has varicella zoster and contracts the disease. When exposed to
another toddler at school months later, the toddler does not develop clinical indicators of the disease.
What type of immunity is being described?
A.Artificially acquired passive immunity
B.Artificially acquired active immunity
C.Naturally acquired passive immunity
D.Naturally acquired active immunity - correct answer ✔✔D.
breast feeding mother give what antibody - correct answer ✔✔IgA
, Which of the following are signs and symptoms of liver failure? Select all that apply
A. Steatorrhea
B. Jaundice
C. Decreased liver enzymes
D. Nausea and vomiting
E. Pruritus
F. Abdominal pain
G. Petechiae
H. Confusion - correct answer ✔✔A, B, D, E, F, G, H
Fats pass through due to no bile
Bilirubin build up (no bile production)
*patient will have increased blood levels of liver enzymes
common symtom (nausea)
itching is common
abdominal pain is common
bleeding due to liver not producing clotting factors
confusion due to ammonia buildup (liver converts ammonia to urea)
Which of the following snacks should be avoided in a patient with hepatic encephalopathy?
A.High-protein
B.High-fat
C.High-carbohydrate
D.High-fiber - correct answer ✔✔A. (buildups up more ammonia) -makes brain function worse
Which of the following statements is true regarding adaptive immunity?
A. Cytotoxic T cells promote opsonization of Helper T Cells
B. Macrophages produce antibodies in response to antigens
C. Helper T cells activate B cells to produce antibodies
D. B lymphocytes differentiate into plasma B cells and T cells - correct answer ✔✔C
Which of the following is NOT an element of the innate immune system?
A Macrophages
B. Natural Killer cells
C. Epithelial cells of the skin
D. T lymphocytes - correct answer ✔✔D
Which of the following is integral to the rapid secondary immune response we see following
vaccinations?
A. Helper T cells encountering the antigen for the first time
B. Inflammation at the injection site promoting phagocytosis
C. Memory B cells responding immediately to antigen
D. Antibody production that peaks after 2-3 weeks - correct answer ✔✔C
