,Contents
ATI PHARMACOLOGY CMS PROCTORED
FORM A ......................................................2
ATI PHARMACOLOGY CMS PROCTORED
FORM B .................................................. 24
ATI PHARMACOLOGY CMS PROCTORED
FORM C .............................................. 152
ATI PHARMACOLOGY CMS PROCTORED
EXAM FORMS A,B,C COMPLETE REVIEW
NEWEST 2026 | 600+PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED RATIONALES
|A+ GRADED STUDY RESOURCE
ATI PHARMACOLOGY CMS PROCTORED FORM A
A client with heart failure and renal impairment has a serum digoxin level of 2.4 ng/mL.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
a. Administer the dose as scheduled; the level is within the therapeutic range
b. Hold the dose and notify the provider immediately
,c. Hold the dose, assess the client for nausea, visual disturbances, and cardiac
arrhythmias, then notify the provider
d. Administer half the prescribed dose
Correct Answer: c
Expert Rationale
The therapeutic range for digoxin is typically 0.5 to 2.0 ng/mL . A level of 2.4 ng/mL is
elevated and consistent with digoxin toxicity, which can manifest as gastrointestinal upset
(nausea, anorexia), visual disturbances (yellow or green halos around lights, blurred
vision), and cardiac arrhythmias (bradycardia, heart block) . Older adults and clients with
renal impairment are at increased risk for digoxin toxicity due to decreased renal
clearance . The priority nursing action is to withhold the medication, perform a focused
assessment for signs of toxicity, and then notify the provider. Option A is incorrect because
the level exceeds the therapeutic range and should not be administered. Option B is
partially correct but incomplete; the nurse must assess the client before notifying the
provider. Option D is incorrect because administering half the dose does not address the
toxicity issue.
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client with a nasogastric (NG) tube
connected to continuous suction. Which of the following actions should the nurse take
before administering medications?
a. Clamp the NG tube for 30-60 minutes after administration
b. Mix all medications together in 60 mL of sterile water
c. Flush the tube with air before and after medication administration
d. Administer medications without clamping the tube
Correct Answer: a
Expert Rationale
To ensure adequate absorption of medications administered via NG tube, the tube should
be clamped for 30-60 minutes after administration to prevent medications from being
aspirated by suction . Medications should be administered separately with flushes
between each to prevent interactions or tube occlusion . The tube should be flushed with
water, not air, before and after administration. Option B is incorrect because medications
should not be mixed together. Option C is incorrect because flushing with air is not
appropriate. Option D is incorrect because medications would be aspirated by continuous
suction.
, A nurse is caring for a client prescribed spironolactone. Which of the following laboratory
values should the nurse recognize as a reason to withhold the morning dose and notify the
provider?
a. Serum sodium 138 mEq/L
b. Serum potassium 5.2 mEq/L
c. Serum creatinine 1.2 mg/dL
d. Serum chloride 106 mEq/L
Correct Answer: b
Expert Rationale
Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. Unlike loop or thiazide diuretics that waste
potassium, spironolactone retains potassium, putting clients at risk for hyperkalemia . A
serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L is above the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L) and would
warrant withholding the medication and notifying the provider. Hyperkalemia can lead to
cardiac arrhythmias and is a significant safety concern. Option A is within normal limits.
Option C is within normal limits for creatinine. Option D is within normal limits for chloride.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for metronidazole. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse emphasize?
a. "Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication."
b. "Take this medication with a glass of grapefruit juice."
c. "Expect your urine to turn bright red-orange."
d. "Discontinue the medication as soon as your symptoms improve."
Correct Answer: a
Expert Rationale
Metronidazole can cause a severe disulfiram-like reaction (flushing, nausea, vomiting,
headache, severe hypotension) when combined with alcohol . Clients should be instructed
to avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least 48 hours after the last dose. Option B is
incorrect because grapefruit juice does not affect metronidazole. Option C describes a
side effect of rifampin, not metronidazole. Option D is incorrect because antibiotics should
be completed as prescribed to prevent recurrence and resistance.
A nurse is administering nitroglycerin sublingual tablets to a client experiencing acute
angina. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?
ATI PHARMACOLOGY CMS PROCTORED
FORM A ......................................................2
ATI PHARMACOLOGY CMS PROCTORED
FORM B .................................................. 24
ATI PHARMACOLOGY CMS PROCTORED
FORM C .............................................. 152
ATI PHARMACOLOGY CMS PROCTORED
EXAM FORMS A,B,C COMPLETE REVIEW
NEWEST 2026 | 600+PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND DETAILED RATIONALES
|A+ GRADED STUDY RESOURCE
ATI PHARMACOLOGY CMS PROCTORED FORM A
A client with heart failure and renal impairment has a serum digoxin level of 2.4 ng/mL.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
a. Administer the dose as scheduled; the level is within the therapeutic range
b. Hold the dose and notify the provider immediately
,c. Hold the dose, assess the client for nausea, visual disturbances, and cardiac
arrhythmias, then notify the provider
d. Administer half the prescribed dose
Correct Answer: c
Expert Rationale
The therapeutic range for digoxin is typically 0.5 to 2.0 ng/mL . A level of 2.4 ng/mL is
elevated and consistent with digoxin toxicity, which can manifest as gastrointestinal upset
(nausea, anorexia), visual disturbances (yellow or green halos around lights, blurred
vision), and cardiac arrhythmias (bradycardia, heart block) . Older adults and clients with
renal impairment are at increased risk for digoxin toxicity due to decreased renal
clearance . The priority nursing action is to withhold the medication, perform a focused
assessment for signs of toxicity, and then notify the provider. Option A is incorrect because
the level exceeds the therapeutic range and should not be administered. Option B is
partially correct but incomplete; the nurse must assess the client before notifying the
provider. Option D is incorrect because administering half the dose does not address the
toxicity issue.
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client with a nasogastric (NG) tube
connected to continuous suction. Which of the following actions should the nurse take
before administering medications?
a. Clamp the NG tube for 30-60 minutes after administration
b. Mix all medications together in 60 mL of sterile water
c. Flush the tube with air before and after medication administration
d. Administer medications without clamping the tube
Correct Answer: a
Expert Rationale
To ensure adequate absorption of medications administered via NG tube, the tube should
be clamped for 30-60 minutes after administration to prevent medications from being
aspirated by suction . Medications should be administered separately with flushes
between each to prevent interactions or tube occlusion . The tube should be flushed with
water, not air, before and after administration. Option B is incorrect because medications
should not be mixed together. Option C is incorrect because flushing with air is not
appropriate. Option D is incorrect because medications would be aspirated by continuous
suction.
, A nurse is caring for a client prescribed spironolactone. Which of the following laboratory
values should the nurse recognize as a reason to withhold the morning dose and notify the
provider?
a. Serum sodium 138 mEq/L
b. Serum potassium 5.2 mEq/L
c. Serum creatinine 1.2 mg/dL
d. Serum chloride 106 mEq/L
Correct Answer: b
Expert Rationale
Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic. Unlike loop or thiazide diuretics that waste
potassium, spironolactone retains potassium, putting clients at risk for hyperkalemia . A
serum potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L is above the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L) and would
warrant withholding the medication and notifying the provider. Hyperkalemia can lead to
cardiac arrhythmias and is a significant safety concern. Option A is within normal limits.
Option C is within normal limits for creatinine. Option D is within normal limits for chloride.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for metronidazole. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse emphasize?
a. "Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication."
b. "Take this medication with a glass of grapefruit juice."
c. "Expect your urine to turn bright red-orange."
d. "Discontinue the medication as soon as your symptoms improve."
Correct Answer: a
Expert Rationale
Metronidazole can cause a severe disulfiram-like reaction (flushing, nausea, vomiting,
headache, severe hypotension) when combined with alcohol . Clients should be instructed
to avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least 48 hours after the last dose. Option B is
incorrect because grapefruit juice does not affect metronidazole. Option C describes a
side effect of rifampin, not metronidazole. Option D is incorrect because antibiotics should
be completed as prescribed to prevent recurrence and resistance.
A nurse is administering nitroglycerin sublingual tablets to a client experiencing acute
angina. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?
