INSTRUCTOR GUIDE _ SOLUTIONS
** All Chapters included
,Table of Contents are given below
1. The Human Body: An Orientation
2. Cells: The Living Units
3. Basic Embryology
4. Tissues
5. The Integumentary System
6. Bones and Skeletal Tissues
7. Bones, Part 1: The Axial Skeleton
8. Bones, Part 2: The Appendicular Skeleton
9. Joints
10. Skeletal Muscle Tissue
11. Muscles of the Body
12. Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue
13. The Central Nervous System
14. The Peripheral Nervous System
15. The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Sensory Neurons
16. The Special Senses
17. The Endocrine System
18. Blood
19. The Heart
20. Blood Vessels
21. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems
22. The Respiratory System
23. The Digestive System
24. The Urinary System
25. The Reproductive System
,CHAPTER
The Human Body:
1 An Orientation
Lecture and Demonstration
Learning Outcomes
1. Define anatomy and physiology, and describe the subdisciplines of anatomy.
2. Identify the levels of structural organization in the human body, and explain the interrela-
tionships between each level.
3. List the organ systems of the body, and briefly state the functions.
4. Use metric units to quantify the dimensions of cells, tissues, and organs.
5. Use the meaning of word roots to aid in understanding anatomical terminology.
6. Define the anatomical position.
7. Use anatomical terminology to describe body directions, regions, and planes.
8. Describe the basic features that humans share with other vertebrates.
9. Locate the major body cavities and their subdivisions.
10. Name the four quadrants of the abdomen, and identify the visceral organs located within
each quadrant.
11. Explain how human tissue is prepared and examined for its microscopic structure.
12. Distinguish tissues viewed by light microscopy from those viewed by electron
microscopy.
13. Describe the medical imaging techniques that are used to visualize structures inside the
body.
Suggested Lecture Outline
I. An Overview of Anatomy
A. Subdisciplines of Anatomy
1. Gross anatomy studies the human body structures with the naked eye, and dissection is
the major technique. In systemic anatomy, organs with related functions are studied
together. Professional schools study anatomy by the regional approach: All organs and
structures in a single region are studied as a group. The third subdivision is surface
anatomy, which studies the landmarks on the surface of the body that reveal underly-
ing organs.
2. Microscopic anatomy (also called histology) uses the microscope to study specially
prepared tissue slides.
1
, 3. Developmental anatomy explores how body structures form, grow, and mature
throughout their life span.
4. Embryology is the study of how the human body structures form and develop before
birth.
B. The Hierarchy of Structural Organization (Figs. 1.1, 1.2)
1. Structural Organization
a. The levels of structural organization, from the simplest to the most complex, are
as follows: chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and the human organism
itself.
b. Organ systems are organs working closely together to accomplish a common func-
tion. The body’s organ systems are the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous,
endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, immune, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and
reproductive systems.
C. Units of Measurement
1. The metric system provides precision for measuring the dimensions of cells, tissues,
and organs.
D. Anatomical Terminology
1. Ancient Greek and Latin provide the origins for most anatomical terms.
II. Gross Anatomy: An Introduction
A. Regional and Directional Terms (Fig. 1.3, Table 1.1)
1. Learning the anatomical position is essential because directional terminology used in
anatomy refers to the body in this position.
2. Regional terms name the specific body areas.
3. The standardized terms of direction are: superior/inferior; anterior (ventral)/posterior
(dorsal); medial/lateral; and superficial/deep.
B. Body Planes and Sections (Fig. 1.4)
1. The body and/or organs are cut into sections along a flat surface called a plane.
2. Planes are identified as sagittal, frontal (coronal), transverse (horizontal), and oblique.
3. Sagittal planes are midsagittal (median) planes or parasagittal planes.
C. The Human Body Plan (Fig. 1.6)
1. Tube-within-a-tube
2. Bilateral symmetry
3. Dorsal hollow nerve cord
4. Notochord and vertebrae
5. Segmentation
6. Pharyngeal pouches
D. Body Cavities and Membranes (Figs. 1.6, 1.7)
1. The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into the cranial cavity and the vertebral cavity.
a. The cranial cavity houses the brain.
b. The vertebral cavity runs through the vertebral column and encloses the spinal cord.
2 INSTRUCTOR’S RESOURCE GUIDE FOR MARIEB HUMAN ANATOMY, 10e
** All Chapters included
,Table of Contents are given below
1. The Human Body: An Orientation
2. Cells: The Living Units
3. Basic Embryology
4. Tissues
5. The Integumentary System
6. Bones and Skeletal Tissues
7. Bones, Part 1: The Axial Skeleton
8. Bones, Part 2: The Appendicular Skeleton
9. Joints
10. Skeletal Muscle Tissue
11. Muscles of the Body
12. Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue
13. The Central Nervous System
14. The Peripheral Nervous System
15. The Autonomic Nervous System and Visceral Sensory Neurons
16. The Special Senses
17. The Endocrine System
18. Blood
19. The Heart
20. Blood Vessels
21. The Lymphatic and Immune Systems
22. The Respiratory System
23. The Digestive System
24. The Urinary System
25. The Reproductive System
,CHAPTER
The Human Body:
1 An Orientation
Lecture and Demonstration
Learning Outcomes
1. Define anatomy and physiology, and describe the subdisciplines of anatomy.
2. Identify the levels of structural organization in the human body, and explain the interrela-
tionships between each level.
3. List the organ systems of the body, and briefly state the functions.
4. Use metric units to quantify the dimensions of cells, tissues, and organs.
5. Use the meaning of word roots to aid in understanding anatomical terminology.
6. Define the anatomical position.
7. Use anatomical terminology to describe body directions, regions, and planes.
8. Describe the basic features that humans share with other vertebrates.
9. Locate the major body cavities and their subdivisions.
10. Name the four quadrants of the abdomen, and identify the visceral organs located within
each quadrant.
11. Explain how human tissue is prepared and examined for its microscopic structure.
12. Distinguish tissues viewed by light microscopy from those viewed by electron
microscopy.
13. Describe the medical imaging techniques that are used to visualize structures inside the
body.
Suggested Lecture Outline
I. An Overview of Anatomy
A. Subdisciplines of Anatomy
1. Gross anatomy studies the human body structures with the naked eye, and dissection is
the major technique. In systemic anatomy, organs with related functions are studied
together. Professional schools study anatomy by the regional approach: All organs and
structures in a single region are studied as a group. The third subdivision is surface
anatomy, which studies the landmarks on the surface of the body that reveal underly-
ing organs.
2. Microscopic anatomy (also called histology) uses the microscope to study specially
prepared tissue slides.
1
, 3. Developmental anatomy explores how body structures form, grow, and mature
throughout their life span.
4. Embryology is the study of how the human body structures form and develop before
birth.
B. The Hierarchy of Structural Organization (Figs. 1.1, 1.2)
1. Structural Organization
a. The levels of structural organization, from the simplest to the most complex, are
as follows: chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, and the human organism
itself.
b. Organ systems are organs working closely together to accomplish a common func-
tion. The body’s organ systems are the integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous,
endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic, immune, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and
reproductive systems.
C. Units of Measurement
1. The metric system provides precision for measuring the dimensions of cells, tissues,
and organs.
D. Anatomical Terminology
1. Ancient Greek and Latin provide the origins for most anatomical terms.
II. Gross Anatomy: An Introduction
A. Regional and Directional Terms (Fig. 1.3, Table 1.1)
1. Learning the anatomical position is essential because directional terminology used in
anatomy refers to the body in this position.
2. Regional terms name the specific body areas.
3. The standardized terms of direction are: superior/inferior; anterior (ventral)/posterior
(dorsal); medial/lateral; and superficial/deep.
B. Body Planes and Sections (Fig. 1.4)
1. The body and/or organs are cut into sections along a flat surface called a plane.
2. Planes are identified as sagittal, frontal (coronal), transverse (horizontal), and oblique.
3. Sagittal planes are midsagittal (median) planes or parasagittal planes.
C. The Human Body Plan (Fig. 1.6)
1. Tube-within-a-tube
2. Bilateral symmetry
3. Dorsal hollow nerve cord
4. Notochord and vertebrae
5. Segmentation
6. Pharyngeal pouches
D. Body Cavities and Membranes (Figs. 1.6, 1.7)
1. The dorsal body cavity is subdivided into the cranial cavity and the vertebral cavity.
a. The cranial cavity houses the brain.
b. The vertebral cavity runs through the vertebral column and encloses the spinal cord.
2 INSTRUCTOR’S RESOURCE GUIDE FOR MARIEB HUMAN ANATOMY, 10e
