HESI
Hesi Pathophysiology Exam 2 Hu Nsg120 – Herzing University
Fall C 2026 Actual Exam Questions And Verified Answers With
Rationales Graded A+
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,Exam #2 - Quizlet: Complete Questions, Answers, and Rationales
Question 1
What symptom indicates lower GI bleeding?
A) Black, tarry stool.
B) Wheezing.
C) Bright red stool.
D) White, clay-colored stool.
Correct Answer: C) Bright red stool.
Rationale: Lower GI bleeding (from the colon, rectum, or anus) typically presents as
bright red blood in the stool (hematochezia) because the blood has not been digested.
Black, tarry stool (melena) indicates upper GI bleeding where blood has been partially
digested. White/clay-colored stool suggests biliary obstruction.
Question 2
What is LDL cholesterol known as?
A) Good cholesterol.
B) Acetazolamide.
C) Bad cholesterol.
D) Triglycerides.
Correct Answer: C) Bad cholesterol.
Rationale: LDL (low-density lipoprotein) is called "bad cholesterol" because it transports
cholesterol to arterial walls, contributing to plaque formation and atherosclerosis. HDL
(high-density lipoprotein) is "good cholesterol" because it removes cholesterol from the
bloodstream.
Question 3
What lab monitors unfractionated heparin therapy?
,A) PT.
B) aPTT.
C) Blood glucose level.
D) PT/INR.
Correct Answer: B) aPTT.
Rationale: Unfractionated heparin therapy is monitored using aPTT (activated partial
thromboplastin time), with a therapeutic goal typically 1.5-2.5 times the normal value.
PT/INR monitors warfarin therapy.
Question 4
What is a key symptom of worsening heart failure patients must report?
A) Swelling of the feet and ankles.
B) Sudden weight gain.
C) Decrease in appetite.
D) Severe chest pain.
Correct Answer: B) Sudden weight gain.
Rationale: Sudden weight gain (typically 2-3 pounds in a day or 5 pounds in a week)
indicates fluid retention and worsening heart failure. Patients should weigh themselves
daily and report sudden increases. While peripheral edema (swelling) is also a sign,
sudden weight gain is the earliest indicator of fluid accumulation.
Question 5
What is a fatty streak?
A) Inflammation of arterial walls
B) Early lipid buildup in arterial walls.
C) Calcification of arterial walls
D) Advanced plaque formation in arterial walls
, Correct Answer: B) Early lipid buildup in arterial walls.
Rationale: A fatty streak is the earliest visible lesion of atherosclerosis, consisting of
lipid-laden foam cells (macrophages that have ingested LDL cholesterol) within the
arterial intima. It is reversible and precedes more advanced plaque formation.
Question 6
Why occlude the tear duct after eye drops?
A) Measure airway obstruction.
B) Prevent systemic absorption.
C) Clot formation in deep veins.
D) Reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
Correct Answer: B) Prevent systemic absorption.
Rationale: Applying pressure to the nasolacrimal duct (punctal occlusion) for 1-2 minutes
after instilling eye drops prevents the medication from draining into the nasal cavity and
being systemically absorbed. This reduces systemic side effects and increases ocular
bioavailability.
Question 7
Why is closed-angle glaucoma an emergency?
A) Temporary blurring of vision occurs
B) Minor discomfort in the eyes
C) Rapid vision loss can occur.
D) Gradual vision loss can occur
Correct Answer: C) Rapid vision loss can occur.
Rationale: Closed-angle (angle-closure) glaucoma is a medical emergency because the
sudden blockage of aqueous humor drainage causes a rapid increase in intraocular
Hesi Pathophysiology Exam 2 Hu Nsg120 – Herzing University
Fall C 2026 Actual Exam Questions And Verified Answers With
Rationales Graded A+
Gradegurus
➢
Question To Reinforce Understanding Of Drug
➢
➢
➢
,Exam #2 - Quizlet: Complete Questions, Answers, and Rationales
Question 1
What symptom indicates lower GI bleeding?
A) Black, tarry stool.
B) Wheezing.
C) Bright red stool.
D) White, clay-colored stool.
Correct Answer: C) Bright red stool.
Rationale: Lower GI bleeding (from the colon, rectum, or anus) typically presents as
bright red blood in the stool (hematochezia) because the blood has not been digested.
Black, tarry stool (melena) indicates upper GI bleeding where blood has been partially
digested. White/clay-colored stool suggests biliary obstruction.
Question 2
What is LDL cholesterol known as?
A) Good cholesterol.
B) Acetazolamide.
C) Bad cholesterol.
D) Triglycerides.
Correct Answer: C) Bad cholesterol.
Rationale: LDL (low-density lipoprotein) is called "bad cholesterol" because it transports
cholesterol to arterial walls, contributing to plaque formation and atherosclerosis. HDL
(high-density lipoprotein) is "good cholesterol" because it removes cholesterol from the
bloodstream.
Question 3
What lab monitors unfractionated heparin therapy?
,A) PT.
B) aPTT.
C) Blood glucose level.
D) PT/INR.
Correct Answer: B) aPTT.
Rationale: Unfractionated heparin therapy is monitored using aPTT (activated partial
thromboplastin time), with a therapeutic goal typically 1.5-2.5 times the normal value.
PT/INR monitors warfarin therapy.
Question 4
What is a key symptom of worsening heart failure patients must report?
A) Swelling of the feet and ankles.
B) Sudden weight gain.
C) Decrease in appetite.
D) Severe chest pain.
Correct Answer: B) Sudden weight gain.
Rationale: Sudden weight gain (typically 2-3 pounds in a day or 5 pounds in a week)
indicates fluid retention and worsening heart failure. Patients should weigh themselves
daily and report sudden increases. While peripheral edema (swelling) is also a sign,
sudden weight gain is the earliest indicator of fluid accumulation.
Question 5
What is a fatty streak?
A) Inflammation of arterial walls
B) Early lipid buildup in arterial walls.
C) Calcification of arterial walls
D) Advanced plaque formation in arterial walls
, Correct Answer: B) Early lipid buildup in arterial walls.
Rationale: A fatty streak is the earliest visible lesion of atherosclerosis, consisting of
lipid-laden foam cells (macrophages that have ingested LDL cholesterol) within the
arterial intima. It is reversible and precedes more advanced plaque formation.
Question 6
Why occlude the tear duct after eye drops?
A) Measure airway obstruction.
B) Prevent systemic absorption.
C) Clot formation in deep veins.
D) Reduce cardiovascular disease risk.
Correct Answer: B) Prevent systemic absorption.
Rationale: Applying pressure to the nasolacrimal duct (punctal occlusion) for 1-2 minutes
after instilling eye drops prevents the medication from draining into the nasal cavity and
being systemically absorbed. This reduces systemic side effects and increases ocular
bioavailability.
Question 7
Why is closed-angle glaucoma an emergency?
A) Temporary blurring of vision occurs
B) Minor discomfort in the eyes
C) Rapid vision loss can occur.
D) Gradual vision loss can occur
Correct Answer: C) Rapid vision loss can occur.
Rationale: Closed-angle (angle-closure) glaucoma is a medical emergency because the
sudden blockage of aqueous humor drainage causes a rapid increase in intraocular
