Final Exam - NURS 3366 The University of Texas at Arlington
Questions with 100% Verified Answers Latest Update
Question: Answer:
Stats to memorize 7.35-7.45
pH 35-45
CO2 22-28
HCO3 80-100
PaO2 70-99
blood glucose <2 seconds
normal capillary refill
Question: Answer:
Your patient comes in with diabetes insipidus. Explain the - under-secretion of ADH
pathophysiology behind their fluid volume deficit. - polyuria, dilute urine
- serum osmolality increase
- sunken eyes, dry membranes, poor skin turgor
Question: Answer:
A patient with brain damage comes into the ER. They have a - SIADH
sudden onset of peripheral edema and crackling in the lungs. - large, over-secretion of ADH
What could be the possible cause, and why? - causes body to hold on to a ton of water (oliguria)
- fluid volume overload, causes water to shift into tissues
Question: Answer:
A patient comes in exhibiting signs and symptoms of Grave's. thyroid storm
What signs and symptoms would lead you to believe they - extreme tachycardia, HF, shock, 103-105, agitation, delirium,
have entered crisis state? seizures
- due to very high metabolism
Lab: T4 high, TSH low
Question: Answer:
What are the two main causes of hhpothyroidism? Hashimoto's thyroiditis and endemic iodine deficieny
,Question: Answer:
A comatose patient comes into the ER. Their medical record myxedema crisis
states that they have hypothyroidism. Explain why they are -hypotension, hypoventilation, extremely low metabolism
likely in a coma. - face is very bloated due to fat buildup behind the eyes
Lab: low T4, high TSH
Question: Answer:
When is PTH secreted and what cells in the bone does it hypocalcemia (low Ca), osteoclasts (to break up bone for calcium
affect? resorption)
Question: Answer:
When is calcitonin secreted and what cells in the bone does it hypercalcemia (too much calcium), osteoblasts (to build more bone,
affect? bring Ca out of
blood into bone)
Question: Answer:
A patient comes into the ER feeling lethargic and weak. You hypercalcemia = hyperpolarized
run a blood test and find that their serum calcium levels are - muscles take longer to contract, making the person feel weak and
extremely high. What might be the pathophysiological lethargic
reasoning behind their symptoms? - might be hypercalcemic due to over secretion of PTH, which
normally increases Ca in
the blood
- could also be undersecretion of calcitonin, not bringing in enough
Ca into the bone
Question: Answer:
A patient comes into the ER experiencing tetany and muscle hypocalcemia = hypopolarized
spasms. You run a blood test and their labs come back with - muscles take less time to contract, makes person spasm easily
very low levels of calcium. You check for a Chvostek's sign, - might be hypocalcemia due to oversecretion of calcitonin, which
and they are positive. What is the most likely cause of these normally decreases
symptoms? the Ca in the blood
- could also be due to undersecretion of PTH, which would normally
increase Ca in
blood
, Question: Answer:
A 70 year old woman comes into the ER with a fractured - CKD, long term hypocalcemia problems
femur. After completing a bone scan, it is confirmed that she - problem with nephron
has osteoporosis. What are some of the causes for her - oversecretion of PTH
osteoporosis? - undersecretion of calcitonin
- age-related, too much osteoclastic activity
- menopause, less estrogen means more osteoclast activity
Question: Answer:
A 18 year old male is scheduled to have his undescended -cryptorchidism increases the risk for testicular cancer
testes removed. He asks why this procedure is necessary. - removal is one of the best ways to prevent this
Explain.
Question: Answer:
What is the biggest problem, and often one of the first signs, - compression of the urethra
that someone with BPH (benign prostate hyperplasia) may - weak flow, slow to start, leads to urinary retention
experience? - can cause hydronephrosis and postrenal AKI
Question: Answer:
An 70 year old African American male comes in for a routine - diet high in fat, family history, and high levels of testosterone
checkup. He mentions his concern about prostate cancer.
What are other risk factors that may increase his concern?
Question: Answer:
A woman comes into the ER presenting with vaginal discharge pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
and pain the worsens with movement. After taking a history, it - inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
is found that she was diagnosed with chlamydia recently, but
her symptoms haven't gone away. What disease might she
have?
Question: Answer:
Syphilis can cause ___________ during the first stage, which are chancers
easily treatable.
Questions with 100% Verified Answers Latest Update
Question: Answer:
Stats to memorize 7.35-7.45
pH 35-45
CO2 22-28
HCO3 80-100
PaO2 70-99
blood glucose <2 seconds
normal capillary refill
Question: Answer:
Your patient comes in with diabetes insipidus. Explain the - under-secretion of ADH
pathophysiology behind their fluid volume deficit. - polyuria, dilute urine
- serum osmolality increase
- sunken eyes, dry membranes, poor skin turgor
Question: Answer:
A patient with brain damage comes into the ER. They have a - SIADH
sudden onset of peripheral edema and crackling in the lungs. - large, over-secretion of ADH
What could be the possible cause, and why? - causes body to hold on to a ton of water (oliguria)
- fluid volume overload, causes water to shift into tissues
Question: Answer:
A patient comes in exhibiting signs and symptoms of Grave's. thyroid storm
What signs and symptoms would lead you to believe they - extreme tachycardia, HF, shock, 103-105, agitation, delirium,
have entered crisis state? seizures
- due to very high metabolism
Lab: T4 high, TSH low
Question: Answer:
What are the two main causes of hhpothyroidism? Hashimoto's thyroiditis and endemic iodine deficieny
,Question: Answer:
A comatose patient comes into the ER. Their medical record myxedema crisis
states that they have hypothyroidism. Explain why they are -hypotension, hypoventilation, extremely low metabolism
likely in a coma. - face is very bloated due to fat buildup behind the eyes
Lab: low T4, high TSH
Question: Answer:
When is PTH secreted and what cells in the bone does it hypocalcemia (low Ca), osteoclasts (to break up bone for calcium
affect? resorption)
Question: Answer:
When is calcitonin secreted and what cells in the bone does it hypercalcemia (too much calcium), osteoblasts (to build more bone,
affect? bring Ca out of
blood into bone)
Question: Answer:
A patient comes into the ER feeling lethargic and weak. You hypercalcemia = hyperpolarized
run a blood test and find that their serum calcium levels are - muscles take longer to contract, making the person feel weak and
extremely high. What might be the pathophysiological lethargic
reasoning behind their symptoms? - might be hypercalcemic due to over secretion of PTH, which
normally increases Ca in
the blood
- could also be undersecretion of calcitonin, not bringing in enough
Ca into the bone
Question: Answer:
A patient comes into the ER experiencing tetany and muscle hypocalcemia = hypopolarized
spasms. You run a blood test and their labs come back with - muscles take less time to contract, makes person spasm easily
very low levels of calcium. You check for a Chvostek's sign, - might be hypocalcemia due to oversecretion of calcitonin, which
and they are positive. What is the most likely cause of these normally decreases
symptoms? the Ca in the blood
- could also be due to undersecretion of PTH, which would normally
increase Ca in
blood
, Question: Answer:
A 70 year old woman comes into the ER with a fractured - CKD, long term hypocalcemia problems
femur. After completing a bone scan, it is confirmed that she - problem with nephron
has osteoporosis. What are some of the causes for her - oversecretion of PTH
osteoporosis? - undersecretion of calcitonin
- age-related, too much osteoclastic activity
- menopause, less estrogen means more osteoclast activity
Question: Answer:
A 18 year old male is scheduled to have his undescended -cryptorchidism increases the risk for testicular cancer
testes removed. He asks why this procedure is necessary. - removal is one of the best ways to prevent this
Explain.
Question: Answer:
What is the biggest problem, and often one of the first signs, - compression of the urethra
that someone with BPH (benign prostate hyperplasia) may - weak flow, slow to start, leads to urinary retention
experience? - can cause hydronephrosis and postrenal AKI
Question: Answer:
An 70 year old African American male comes in for a routine - diet high in fat, family history, and high levels of testosterone
checkup. He mentions his concern about prostate cancer.
What are other risk factors that may increase his concern?
Question: Answer:
A woman comes into the ER presenting with vaginal discharge pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
and pain the worsens with movement. After taking a history, it - inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries
is found that she was diagnosed with chlamydia recently, but
her symptoms haven't gone away. What disease might she
have?
Question: Answer:
Syphilis can cause ___________ during the first stage, which are chancers
easily treatable.
