Microbiology & Infectious Disease | Key Concepts, Pathogens & Exam Study Guide
Microbe Microscopic organism (bacteria, archaea, fungi,
protozoa, algae, viruses).
Mycology Study of fungi.
Parasitology Study of parasites (protozoa, helminths).
Virology Study of viruses.
Microbiology Study of microorganisms.
Pathogenic Capable of causing disease.
Decomposers Organisms that break down dead organic matter
(recycle nutrients).
Asepsis Absence of significant contamination; techniques
preventing microbial contamination.
Chemotherapy Treatment of disease with chemical agents (includes
antibiotics).
Germ Theory Microorganisms cause specific diseases.
Koch's Postulates Link a microbe to a disease.
, Microbiology & Infectious Disease | Key Concepts, Pathogens & Exam Study Guide
Step 1 of Koch's postulate? Pathogen must be present in high concentration in
diseased organism
Step two of Koch's postulate? Microbe must be isolated and grown in pure culture
Step three in Koch's postulate? Microbe must be re-inoculated in a healthy organism
and cause disease
Step four in Koch's postulate? Re-isolate microbe, and it must be found identical to
original species
Anton van Leeuwenhoek Invented the microscope and observed first microbes
Watson and Crick Developed the double helix model of DNA.
Louis Pasteur Pasteurization (milk to kill bacteria), swan neck flask
Robert Koch Koch's postulates and pure culture techniques
Joseph Lister Use disinfectants and antiseptics during surgery
Germ Theory of Disease infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms
What are the types of microbes Bacteria, viruses, Archaea, helminths, algae, fungi, &
studied in microbiology? protozoa
, Microbiology & Infectious Disease | Key Concepts, Pathogens & Exam Study Guide
bright field microscopy generates a dark image of an object over a light
background
darkfield microscopy Light objects are visible against a dark background
phase contrast microscope light microscope that enhances contrast; uses
differences in refractive index
flourescence microscopy UV light and fluorescent dyes cause organisms to
glow
electron (TEM & SEM) TEM uses e- beam that pass thru microbe to 4 small
images, SEM uses e- beam to visualize surfaces, 3D
simple stain use of a single basic dye
Differential stain Multiple dyes to distinguish microbial groups
Gram stain steps? Crystal violet (primary stain), iodine (mordant),
alcohol (decolorizer), safranin (counterstain).
Pure culture Only one species.
Smear Thin film of microbes on a slide, fixed.
Aseptic technique Methods to prevent contamination.
Microbe Microscopic organism (bacteria, archaea, fungi,
protozoa, algae, viruses).
Mycology Study of fungi.
Parasitology Study of parasites (protozoa, helminths).
Virology Study of viruses.
Microbiology Study of microorganisms.
Pathogenic Capable of causing disease.
Decomposers Organisms that break down dead organic matter
(recycle nutrients).
Asepsis Absence of significant contamination; techniques
preventing microbial contamination.
Chemotherapy Treatment of disease with chemical agents (includes
antibiotics).
Germ Theory Microorganisms cause specific diseases.
Koch's Postulates Link a microbe to a disease.
, Microbiology & Infectious Disease | Key Concepts, Pathogens & Exam Study Guide
Step 1 of Koch's postulate? Pathogen must be present in high concentration in
diseased organism
Step two of Koch's postulate? Microbe must be isolated and grown in pure culture
Step three in Koch's postulate? Microbe must be re-inoculated in a healthy organism
and cause disease
Step four in Koch's postulate? Re-isolate microbe, and it must be found identical to
original species
Anton van Leeuwenhoek Invented the microscope and observed first microbes
Watson and Crick Developed the double helix model of DNA.
Louis Pasteur Pasteurization (milk to kill bacteria), swan neck flask
Robert Koch Koch's postulates and pure culture techniques
Joseph Lister Use disinfectants and antiseptics during surgery
Germ Theory of Disease infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms
What are the types of microbes Bacteria, viruses, Archaea, helminths, algae, fungi, &
studied in microbiology? protozoa
, Microbiology & Infectious Disease | Key Concepts, Pathogens & Exam Study Guide
bright field microscopy generates a dark image of an object over a light
background
darkfield microscopy Light objects are visible against a dark background
phase contrast microscope light microscope that enhances contrast; uses
differences in refractive index
flourescence microscopy UV light and fluorescent dyes cause organisms to
glow
electron (TEM & SEM) TEM uses e- beam that pass thru microbe to 4 small
images, SEM uses e- beam to visualize surfaces, 3D
simple stain use of a single basic dye
Differential stain Multiple dyes to distinguish microbial groups
Gram stain steps? Crystal violet (primary stain), iodine (mordant),
alcohol (decolorizer), safranin (counterstain).
Pure culture Only one species.
Smear Thin film of microbes on a slide, fixed.
Aseptic technique Methods to prevent contamination.
