Pathophysiology - Neurology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3m2cjp
1. Dendrites the receivers. they move signals towards the cell body.
Sensory portion of the neuron.
2. axons the senders. they move signals away from the cell body
to other neurons.
3. Oligodendrocytes: glial cells in oligodendrocytes vs schwann cells
the CNS that make myelin
Schwann cells: glial cells in the
PNS that make myelin
4. oligodendrocyte A type of glial cell in the central nervous system that forms
myelin sheaths.
5. schwann cell glial cell type in the PNS that provides the myelin insula-
tion for axons in nerves
6. basal ganglia structures in the forebrain that help to control movement.
alongside the cerebellum, they send signals to the frontal
lobe which then stimulates the skeletal muscles.
7. pre-central gyrus= somatomotor pre-central gyrus vs post-central gyrus
portion of the frontal lobe anteri-
or to the central sulcus.
post-central gyrus = somatosen-
sory portion of the parietal lobe
posterior to the central sulcus
8. saltatory conduction the propagation of an action potential down a myelinated
axon. The action potential jumps from node to node.
9. Axons: senders, moves away axons vs dendrites
from cell body. Dendrites: re-
, Pathophysiology - Neurology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3m2cjp
ceivers, moves towards the cell
body
10. pre-synaptic neuron. the neuron that sends the signal. Fires a NT as a result of
an action potential entering the axon terminal.
11. post-synaptic neuron the neuron that receives the signal. you need a receptor
here.
12. the NT is released from the post synaptic vs pre synaptic neuron
pre-synaptic neuron and is then
received by a receptor on the
post-synaptic neuron
13. calcium What causes the vesicles to release neurotransmitters at
the axon terminal?
14. NT>neuropeptides>hormones Order the rate of action: hormones, NT, and neuropep-
tides
15. mu: highest affinity for endor- mu vs gamma vs kappa receptors
phins
gamma: highest affnity for
dynorphins
kappa: highest affinity for
enkephalins
16. EPSP It doesn't guarantee that you'll reach threshold at the
post-synaptic neuron. You're moving in the right direction
(towards threshold).
a postsynaptic potential that makes the neuron more
likely to fire an action potential.
17. gamma receptor
, Pathophysiology - Neurology
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opioid receptors in the CNS that has higher affinity for
dynorphins than endorphins/enkephalins
18. kappa receptor opioid receptors in the CNS that has higher affinity for
enkephalins than endorphins or dymorphins.
19. mu receptor The receptor that has a higher affinity for endorphins than
enkephalins. morphine and related opioid drugs target
these receptors.
20. temporal summation related to time, you keep releasing the NT and if you keep
releasing it you might reach threshold
multiple signals are integrated during a relatively short
period of time
21. spatial: summative signals from spatial summation vs temporal summation
multiple synapses
temporal: summative signals
from same synapse
22. spatial summation several axons releasing NT at the same time to reach
threshold. the combination of post-synpatic potential sig-
nals generated simultaneously at multiple synapses on
the same cell
23. IPSP temporary hyperpolarization of a membrane
24. IPSP: moving away from thresh- IPSP vs EPSP
old
EPSP: moving towards threshold
25. type a fibers sharp pain. type of axon with the largest diameter, fastest
velocity, more myelin. easier to pinpoint pain
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3m2cjp
1. Dendrites the receivers. they move signals towards the cell body.
Sensory portion of the neuron.
2. axons the senders. they move signals away from the cell body
to other neurons.
3. Oligodendrocytes: glial cells in oligodendrocytes vs schwann cells
the CNS that make myelin
Schwann cells: glial cells in the
PNS that make myelin
4. oligodendrocyte A type of glial cell in the central nervous system that forms
myelin sheaths.
5. schwann cell glial cell type in the PNS that provides the myelin insula-
tion for axons in nerves
6. basal ganglia structures in the forebrain that help to control movement.
alongside the cerebellum, they send signals to the frontal
lobe which then stimulates the skeletal muscles.
7. pre-central gyrus= somatomotor pre-central gyrus vs post-central gyrus
portion of the frontal lobe anteri-
or to the central sulcus.
post-central gyrus = somatosen-
sory portion of the parietal lobe
posterior to the central sulcus
8. saltatory conduction the propagation of an action potential down a myelinated
axon. The action potential jumps from node to node.
9. Axons: senders, moves away axons vs dendrites
from cell body. Dendrites: re-
, Pathophysiology - Neurology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3m2cjp
ceivers, moves towards the cell
body
10. pre-synaptic neuron. the neuron that sends the signal. Fires a NT as a result of
an action potential entering the axon terminal.
11. post-synaptic neuron the neuron that receives the signal. you need a receptor
here.
12. the NT is released from the post synaptic vs pre synaptic neuron
pre-synaptic neuron and is then
received by a receptor on the
post-synaptic neuron
13. calcium What causes the vesicles to release neurotransmitters at
the axon terminal?
14. NT>neuropeptides>hormones Order the rate of action: hormones, NT, and neuropep-
tides
15. mu: highest affinity for endor- mu vs gamma vs kappa receptors
phins
gamma: highest affnity for
dynorphins
kappa: highest affinity for
enkephalins
16. EPSP It doesn't guarantee that you'll reach threshold at the
post-synaptic neuron. You're moving in the right direction
(towards threshold).
a postsynaptic potential that makes the neuron more
likely to fire an action potential.
17. gamma receptor
, Pathophysiology - Neurology
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_3m2cjp
opioid receptors in the CNS that has higher affinity for
dynorphins than endorphins/enkephalins
18. kappa receptor opioid receptors in the CNS that has higher affinity for
enkephalins than endorphins or dymorphins.
19. mu receptor The receptor that has a higher affinity for endorphins than
enkephalins. morphine and related opioid drugs target
these receptors.
20. temporal summation related to time, you keep releasing the NT and if you keep
releasing it you might reach threshold
multiple signals are integrated during a relatively short
period of time
21. spatial: summative signals from spatial summation vs temporal summation
multiple synapses
temporal: summative signals
from same synapse
22. spatial summation several axons releasing NT at the same time to reach
threshold. the combination of post-synpatic potential sig-
nals generated simultaneously at multiple synapses on
the same cell
23. IPSP temporary hyperpolarization of a membrane
24. IPSP: moving away from thresh- IPSP vs EPSP
old
EPSP: moving towards threshold
25. type a fibers sharp pain. type of axon with the largest diameter, fastest
velocity, more myelin. easier to pinpoint pain
