NR507 FINAL EXAMS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
2026/STUDY GUIDE /UPDATED !!
1. Cystitis (UTI) - ANSWER-Uncomplicated, responds well to antibiotic. Caused mostly by
e coli. No casts present in ua c& s
2. pyelonephritis - ANSWER-kidney infection
Complicated
Iv atb to treat
Classic triad: vomiting, flank pain, fever
Casts are present in ua c& s
3. calcium oxalate - ANSWER-most common type of kidney stone
4. Most common site of renal calculus - ANSWER-Ureterovesicular junction
5. Gold standard diagnosis for renal calculus - ANSWER-Ct scan
6. True or false: all types of renal stones can be seen on ct scan - ANSWER-True
7. Kidney stones that pass on their own - ANSWER-< 0.5 cm
8. Kidney stones that cause obstruction - ANSWER->1.0cm
9. goals of treatment for renal stones - ANSWER-manage acute pain
promote passage of stone
reduce stone size
, prevent new stone formation
10. prevention of renal stone formation include which two elements - ANSWER-Citrate &
magnesium
11. Most common type of renal stone - ANSWER-Calcium stone
12. Calcium stones are treated with ________ to promote excretion of stone - ANSWER-
Thiazide diuretic
13. Causes of struvite stones - ANSWER-UTI
bacteria : klebsiella, enterobacteria
14. which elements combine to make struvite stones? - ANSWER-ammonia, magesium,
phosphate
15. Type of renal stone found in children, with genetic causing factor - ANSWER-Cystine
stone
16. sudden loss of renal function, reversible , kidneys respond well to diuretics - ANSWER-
acute renal failure (ARF)
17. labs - creatinine increased at least 50% from base line, decreased creatinine clearance
- ANSWER-Acute renal failure
18. ARF stage that is identified by 1-3 days with elevated BUN and Creatinine, decreased
urine output - ANSWER-Onset
2026/STUDY GUIDE /UPDATED !!
1. Cystitis (UTI) - ANSWER-Uncomplicated, responds well to antibiotic. Caused mostly by
e coli. No casts present in ua c& s
2. pyelonephritis - ANSWER-kidney infection
Complicated
Iv atb to treat
Classic triad: vomiting, flank pain, fever
Casts are present in ua c& s
3. calcium oxalate - ANSWER-most common type of kidney stone
4. Most common site of renal calculus - ANSWER-Ureterovesicular junction
5. Gold standard diagnosis for renal calculus - ANSWER-Ct scan
6. True or false: all types of renal stones can be seen on ct scan - ANSWER-True
7. Kidney stones that pass on their own - ANSWER-< 0.5 cm
8. Kidney stones that cause obstruction - ANSWER->1.0cm
9. goals of treatment for renal stones - ANSWER-manage acute pain
promote passage of stone
reduce stone size
, prevent new stone formation
10. prevention of renal stone formation include which two elements - ANSWER-Citrate &
magnesium
11. Most common type of renal stone - ANSWER-Calcium stone
12. Calcium stones are treated with ________ to promote excretion of stone - ANSWER-
Thiazide diuretic
13. Causes of struvite stones - ANSWER-UTI
bacteria : klebsiella, enterobacteria
14. which elements combine to make struvite stones? - ANSWER-ammonia, magesium,
phosphate
15. Type of renal stone found in children, with genetic causing factor - ANSWER-Cystine
stone
16. sudden loss of renal function, reversible , kidneys respond well to diuretics - ANSWER-
acute renal failure (ARF)
17. labs - creatinine increased at least 50% from base line, decreased creatinine clearance
- ANSWER-Acute renal failure
18. ARF stage that is identified by 1-3 days with elevated BUN and Creatinine, decreased
urine output - ANSWER-Onset
