AP STUDY GUIDES EXAM WITH PRACTICE QUESTIONS & VERIFIED
SOLUTIONS | 2026/2027 LATEST UPDATE | ALREADY GRADED A+
absolute location - ANSWER The actual space a place occupies on Earth's surface
acculturation - ANSWER The change that occurs within a culture when it adopts a practice from
another culture
agglomeration effects - ANSWER The cost advantages (external economies) for an individual
company gained by locating near similar industries or companies
agribusiness - ANSWER Commercial agriculture in which large corporations own and operate various
steps in the production process with an emphasis on profit
agricultural density - ANSWER The number of people living in rural areas per unit of agricultural land
alliance - ANSWER An association among countries for the purpose of mutual defense or trade
animism - ANSWER The belief that spirits (including ancestral) live within objects such as animals,
rivers, rocks, trees, and mountains
antecedent boundary - ANSWER A boundary placed before the cultural landscape was developed
artifact - ANSWER Tangible pieces of material culture
assimilation - ANSWER The process in which immigrants become totally integrated into the host
culture
backwash effect - ANSWER The negative impact to the peripheral region sometimes caused by
increased flows of labor and capital into a nearby high-growth region
basic sector - ANSWER Goods and services produced for individuals outside the urban work area
,bid-rent curve - ANSWER The concept that the concentric circles in Burgess's concentric zone model
are based on the amount people are willing to pay for land in each zone
biotechnology - ANSWER The application of scientific techniques to modify and improve plants,
animals, and microorganisms to enhance their value
built environment - ANSWER The material culture of an environment
carrying capacity - ANSWER The number of people an area can support on a sustained basis
central business district (CBD) - ANSWER The business area found at the center of every older central
city and urban area
central place theory - ANSWER A theory developed by Walter Christaller that states that cities exist
for economic reasons and that people gather in cities to share goods and ideas
centrifugal force - ANSWER A strong, divisive force, such as religious differences or a weak
communication systems, at work in a country
centripetal force - ANSWER A strong, unifying force, such as a charismatic leader or nationalism, at
work in a country
chain migration - ANSWER The part of a migrant flow (usually relatives and friends) that follows
former migrants to an area
channelized migration - ANSWER Repetitive pattern of migration not linked to family or ethnicity
(senior citizens moving to the Sun Belt)
charter group - ANSWER The first group of settlers to establish a new and lasting culture and society
is an area
compact state - ANSWER A state that is basically round in shape, such as Poland or Bhutan)
, colonialism - ANSWER A system in which a country declares control over a territory or people outside
its own boundaries, usually for economic purposes
commodity chain - ANSWER A chain of activities from the manufacturing to the distribution of a
product
concentric zone model - ANSWER The model of urban land use developed by Burgess which
demonstrates the invasion and succession processes that occur as the city grows and expands
outward
confederation - ANSWER A loose association of states organized for the purpose of retaining
cohesion, such as the former republic of the USSR
congregation - ANSWER An ethnic group's grouping together in a specific part of the city to support
each other and minimize conflicts with those in the non-ethnic group
consequent boundary - ANSWER A type of subsequent boundary that is drawn to accommodate
existing linguistic, cultural, or religious boundaries
conservation agriculture - ANSWER A modern method of farming that balances maximum crop yield
with sustainable farming methods and protection of the environment
creative destruction - ANSWER The reinvestment of funds in new, profitable ventures and regions
that were once used to fund ventures and regions that are now not as profitable
creole - ANSWER A simplified mixture of two or more languages that is adopted in areas of cultural
diversity
crude birth rate (CBR) - ANSWER The number of babies born per 1000 people per year
crude death rate (CDR) - ANSWER The number of deaths per 1000 people per year
crude density - ANSWER The number of people per unit of land (also called arithmetic density)
SOLUTIONS | 2026/2027 LATEST UPDATE | ALREADY GRADED A+
absolute location - ANSWER The actual space a place occupies on Earth's surface
acculturation - ANSWER The change that occurs within a culture when it adopts a practice from
another culture
agglomeration effects - ANSWER The cost advantages (external economies) for an individual
company gained by locating near similar industries or companies
agribusiness - ANSWER Commercial agriculture in which large corporations own and operate various
steps in the production process with an emphasis on profit
agricultural density - ANSWER The number of people living in rural areas per unit of agricultural land
alliance - ANSWER An association among countries for the purpose of mutual defense or trade
animism - ANSWER The belief that spirits (including ancestral) live within objects such as animals,
rivers, rocks, trees, and mountains
antecedent boundary - ANSWER A boundary placed before the cultural landscape was developed
artifact - ANSWER Tangible pieces of material culture
assimilation - ANSWER The process in which immigrants become totally integrated into the host
culture
backwash effect - ANSWER The negative impact to the peripheral region sometimes caused by
increased flows of labor and capital into a nearby high-growth region
basic sector - ANSWER Goods and services produced for individuals outside the urban work area
,bid-rent curve - ANSWER The concept that the concentric circles in Burgess's concentric zone model
are based on the amount people are willing to pay for land in each zone
biotechnology - ANSWER The application of scientific techniques to modify and improve plants,
animals, and microorganisms to enhance their value
built environment - ANSWER The material culture of an environment
carrying capacity - ANSWER The number of people an area can support on a sustained basis
central business district (CBD) - ANSWER The business area found at the center of every older central
city and urban area
central place theory - ANSWER A theory developed by Walter Christaller that states that cities exist
for economic reasons and that people gather in cities to share goods and ideas
centrifugal force - ANSWER A strong, divisive force, such as religious differences or a weak
communication systems, at work in a country
centripetal force - ANSWER A strong, unifying force, such as a charismatic leader or nationalism, at
work in a country
chain migration - ANSWER The part of a migrant flow (usually relatives and friends) that follows
former migrants to an area
channelized migration - ANSWER Repetitive pattern of migration not linked to family or ethnicity
(senior citizens moving to the Sun Belt)
charter group - ANSWER The first group of settlers to establish a new and lasting culture and society
is an area
compact state - ANSWER A state that is basically round in shape, such as Poland or Bhutan)
, colonialism - ANSWER A system in which a country declares control over a territory or people outside
its own boundaries, usually for economic purposes
commodity chain - ANSWER A chain of activities from the manufacturing to the distribution of a
product
concentric zone model - ANSWER The model of urban land use developed by Burgess which
demonstrates the invasion and succession processes that occur as the city grows and expands
outward
confederation - ANSWER A loose association of states organized for the purpose of retaining
cohesion, such as the former republic of the USSR
congregation - ANSWER An ethnic group's grouping together in a specific part of the city to support
each other and minimize conflicts with those in the non-ethnic group
consequent boundary - ANSWER A type of subsequent boundary that is drawn to accommodate
existing linguistic, cultural, or religious boundaries
conservation agriculture - ANSWER A modern method of farming that balances maximum crop yield
with sustainable farming methods and protection of the environment
creative destruction - ANSWER The reinvestment of funds in new, profitable ventures and regions
that were once used to fund ventures and regions that are now not as profitable
creole - ANSWER A simplified mixture of two or more languages that is adopted in areas of cultural
diversity
crude birth rate (CBR) - ANSWER The number of babies born per 1000 people per year
crude death rate (CDR) - ANSWER The number of deaths per 1000 people per year
crude density - ANSWER The number of people per unit of land (also called arithmetic density)
