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Samenvatting Hemato-oncologie | Master Geneeskunde | KU Leuven | 2026/27

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Study document for the Hemato-oncologie course in the Master in de Geneeskunde program at KU Leuven (2026/2027 academic year). This resource covers key topics in hematologic malignancies and cancer treatment, providing essential material for students specializing in this clinical field. Ideal for exam preparation and consolidating knowledge of hematological oncology principles taught in the master's curriculum.

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Ziekte Bloedbeeld
Ferriprivie o Perifeer bloed
o Microcytaire hypochrome anemie
o RDW verhoogd
o Thrombocyten verhoogd
o Poikilocytose, anisocytose en grote centrale opklaring
o Chemie
o Laag serum Fe
o Gestegen serum transferrine, maar gedaalde
transferrinesaturatie (< 20%)
o Laag serum ferritine
o Beenmerg
o Geen Fe in RBC-voorloper of macrofagen
Megaloblastische o Perifeer bloed
anemie o Macrocytaire anemie
o Ovale macrocyten
o Hypersegmentaire granulocyten
o Verhoogd indirect bilirubine, verhoogd tot extreem
verhoogd LDH
o Beenmerg
o Asynchrone maturatie kern en cytoplasma
o Hypersegmentatie, giant metamyelocyten
Anemie of chronic o MCV normaal
disease (ACD) o Serumijzer gedaald
o Transferrine gedaald, saturatie > 20%
o Ferritine normaal of gestegen
o Ijzer aanwezig in macrofagen, maar niet in beenmerg
Hemolytische o Cellulair
anemie o Verhoogde reticulocytose  verhoogd MCV
o Polychromasie? Fragmentocyten? Sferocyten?
o BM: erytroide hyperplasie
o Extravasculaire hemolyse: gedaald haptoglobine, gestegen LDH,
gestegen indirect bilirubine
o Intravasculaire hemolyse: gedaald haptoglobine, gestegen LDH,
gestegen vrij plasma Hb en vrij Hb in urine, hemosiderinurie
Hereditaire sferocytose
o Sferocyten = geen centrale opklaring (normaal MCV en gestegen
MCHC), gestegen osmotische fragiliteit, EMA-test
PNH
o Pancytopenie, stijging LDH, hemosiderinurie, ijzergebrek
Pyruvaatkinase deficiëntie
o Prickle cells
G6PDH-deficitentië
o Blister cells
Sikkelcelanemie
o Sikkelcellen en targetcellen
Thalassemie o Microcytaire anemie met disproportioneel laag MCV tov anemie
o Verhoogd reticulocytose
o Cytologie: targetcellen en basofiele stippeling
o Ijzer en ferritine verhoogd (door erytroferrone)

, o Ijzer aanwezig in macrofagen en erytroblasten
Immune o Perifeer bloed
trombocytopenie o Geïsoleerde trombocytopenie (geen pseudotrombopenie)
(ITP) o Normaal Hb, WBC, reticulocytose
o Normale chemische testen
o GEEN fragmentocyten
o GEEN miltvergroting
o Plaatjesantistoffen (GpIIb/IIIa)
o Beenmerg: normale of toegenomen megakaryocyten
Diffuse intravasale o Trombocytopenie
coagulatie (DIC) o Hemolytische anemie: FRAGMENTOCYTEN, hemoglobinurie,
ijzertekort
o Verlengde PT, aPTT, verlaagd fibrinogeen, verhoogde D-dimeren
Trombotische micro- o Trombocytopenie
angiopathieën o Hemolytische anemie: FRAGMENTOCYTEN, hemoglobinurie,
(TMA) ijzertekort
o TTP: ADAMTS13 < 10% (evt ook ADAMTS13-As)
o HUS: E coli toxine
o aHUS: uitsuitingsdiagnose  ADAMTS13 > 10% en geen E coli
Neutrofiele o Reactieve neutrofiele leukocytose
leukocytose o Linksverschuiving met jongere vormen (staven)
o Cytologie: Döhle bodies, toxische granules, leukemoöde reactie,
leukoerytroblastische reactie
Mononucleosis o Leukocytose + absolute lymfocytose
infectiosa (EBV) o Cytologie: virocyten (grote atypische lymfocyten (CD8+)), ruim
basofiel cytoplasma, gemouleerd rond RBC (‘ballerina-skirt’)
o Serologie: monospot, anti-VCA IgM, daarna anti-EBNA IgG en anti-
VCA IgG
Chronische myeloïde o Bloed
leukemie (CML) o Leukocytose: exces neutrofielen maar ook alle myeloïde
voorlopers
o Basofilie en eosinofilie
o Vaak trombocytose  in gevorderd stadium trombopenie
en anemie
o Hyperuricemie
o Beenmerg
o Hypercellulair
o Myeloïde overgewicht
o Alle rijpingsstadia
Polycytemia vera PV
(PV) o Verhoogd Hb met polyglobulie
o 50% ook leukocytose of trombocytose
o Stijging urinezuur, LDH en vit B12
o Soms gedaalde ijzerwaarden
o JAK mutatie
o EPO: verlaagd/onderdrukt
o BM: hypercellulair voor alle 3 de cellijnen
Secundaire polycytemie
o Verhoogd Hb met polyglobulie
o Geen JAK mutatie

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Uploaded on
August 24, 2026
Number of pages
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Written in
2026/2027
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