NSG 100 Final Exam Practice - Fundamentals of Nursing 2… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
✓ VERIFIED • 2026 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NSG 100 Final Exam Practice - Fundamentals of
Nursing 2026 UPDATE
Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers
with Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations)
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Full Rationales
Status: Verified & Updated for 2026
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 1
,NSG 100 Final Exam Practice - Fundamentals of Nursing 2… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
Questions & Verified Answers
1. When identifying a patient before performing a procedure, what are the two most common
identifiers used?
A. Patient room number and date of birth
B. Patient diagnosis and full name
C. Full name and date of birth
D. Attending physician and hospital ID number
Answer: C
Rationale: Safety protocols require at least two patient identifiers, typically full name and date of birth, to
prevent errors. Room numbers should never be used. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize
care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to
distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
2. Which assessment technique should be performed first during a physical examination of the
abdomen?
A. Palpation
B. Percussion
C. Inspection
D. Auscultation
Answer: C
Rationale: For all body systems, inspection is the first step. For the abdomen specifically, auscultation follows
inspection to avoid altering bowel sounds through palpation. This is an important clinical concept because
selecting the correct answer (C) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing
implications.
3. A nurse is teaching a patient about hand hygiene. How long should the nurse recommend
scrubbing hands with soap and water?
A. At least 5 seconds
B. At least 10 seconds
C. At least 20 seconds
D. At least 60 seconds
Answer: C
Rationale: The CDC recommends scrubbing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds to effectively
remove pathogens. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and
provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely
related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 2
, NSG 100 Final Exam Practice - Fundamentals of Nursing 2… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
4. Which ethical principle refers to the nurse’s duty to ‘do no harm’?
A. Autonomy
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Beneficence
D. Justice
Answer: B
Rationale: Nonmaleficence is the ethical obligation to avoid causing harm to the patient. This is an important
clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (B) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and
the practical nursing implications. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate
complications, and provide accurate patient education.
5. A patient has a blood pressure reading of 150/95 mmHg. How would this be classified?
A. Normal
B. Hypertension Stage 2
C. Hypertension Stage 1
D. Elevated
Answer: B
Rationale: According to current guidelines, a systolic pressure of 140 or higher or a diastolic of 90 or higher is
classified as Stage 2 Hypertension. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate
complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this
concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
6. When transferring a patient from bed to a chair, where should the nurse place the chair?
A. On the patient’s weaker side
B. Directly in front of the bed
C. On the patient’s stronger side
D. At the foot of the bed
Answer: C
Rationale: Placing the chair on the stronger side allows the patient to use their strong leg for stability during the
pivot. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient
outcomes. This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (C) requires
understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 3
✓ VERIFIED • 2026 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NSG 100 Final Exam Practice - Fundamentals of
Nursing 2026 UPDATE
Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers
with Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations)
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Full Rationales
Status: Verified & Updated for 2026
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 1
,NSG 100 Final Exam Practice - Fundamentals of Nursing 2… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
Questions & Verified Answers
1. When identifying a patient before performing a procedure, what are the two most common
identifiers used?
A. Patient room number and date of birth
B. Patient diagnosis and full name
C. Full name and date of birth
D. Attending physician and hospital ID number
Answer: C
Rationale: Safety protocols require at least two patient identifiers, typically full name and date of birth, to
prevent errors. Room numbers should never be used. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize
care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to
distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
2. Which assessment technique should be performed first during a physical examination of the
abdomen?
A. Palpation
B. Percussion
C. Inspection
D. Auscultation
Answer: C
Rationale: For all body systems, inspection is the first step. For the abdomen specifically, auscultation follows
inspection to avoid altering bowel sounds through palpation. This is an important clinical concept because
selecting the correct answer (C) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing
implications.
3. A nurse is teaching a patient about hand hygiene. How long should the nurse recommend
scrubbing hands with soap and water?
A. At least 5 seconds
B. At least 10 seconds
C. At least 20 seconds
D. At least 60 seconds
Answer: C
Rationale: The CDC recommends scrubbing hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds to effectively
remove pathogens. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and
provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely
related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 2
, NSG 100 Final Exam Practice - Fundamentals of Nursing 2… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
4. Which ethical principle refers to the nurse’s duty to ‘do no harm’?
A. Autonomy
B. Nonmaleficence
C. Beneficence
D. Justice
Answer: B
Rationale: Nonmaleficence is the ethical obligation to avoid causing harm to the patient. This is an important
clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (B) requires understanding both the pathophysiology and
the practical nursing implications. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate
complications, and provide accurate patient education.
5. A patient has a blood pressure reading of 150/95 mmHg. How would this be classified?
A. Normal
B. Hypertension Stage 2
C. Hypertension Stage 1
D. Elevated
Answer: B
Rationale: According to current guidelines, a systolic pressure of 140 or higher or a diastolic of 90 or higher is
classified as Stage 2 Hypertension. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate
complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this
concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
6. When transferring a patient from bed to a chair, where should the nurse place the chair?
A. On the patient’s weaker side
B. Directly in front of the bed
C. On the patient’s stronger side
D. At the foot of the bed
Answer: C
Rationale: Placing the chair on the stronger side allows the patient to use their strong leg for stability during the
pivot. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient
outcomes. This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (C) requires
understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 3
