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Forces, Vectors, and Work – Question & Answer Summary
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A student is analyzing forces acting on an object. Which of the following is an
example of a non-contact force?
a. Friction between two surfaces
b. Tension in a rope
c. Gravitational attraction between two objects
d. Normal reaction force from a surface
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Non-contact forces act without physical contact between objects. Gravitational
force acts at a distance without the objects touching, making it a non-contact
force. Options A, B, and D are all contact forces that require physical interaction
between objects. Friction requires surfaces in contact, tension requires a physical
connection via a rope or string, and normal reaction requires contact with a
surface.
,A physics student is distinguishing between scalar and vector quantities. Which of
the following quantities is a scalar?
a. Force
b. Velocity
c. Mass
d. Acceleration
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Mass is a scalar quantity because it has magnitude only, with no direction
associated with it. Options A, B, and D are all vector quantities that require both
magnitude and direction for complete description. Force has both size and
direction, velocity specifies speed in a given direction, and acceleration has both
magnitude and direction.
A student is calculating the weight of an object on Earth. If the object has a mass
of 5.0 kg, what is its weight? (Take g = 9.81 m/s²)
a. 0.51 N
b. 4.91 N
c. 49.05 N
d. 50.00 N
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Weight is calculated using the equation W = mg, where m is mass and g is the
gravitational field strength. W = 5.0 × 9.81 = 49.05 N. Option A incorrectly divides
, by g, Option B incorrectly divides, and Option D uses an approximate value
incorrectly.
A student is comparing the behavior of an object on Earth and on the Moon.
Which statement is correct?
a. Both mass and weight are smaller on the Moon
b. Mass is the same but weight is smaller on the Moon
c. Weight is the same but mass is smaller on the Moon
d. Both mass and weight remain the same
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Mass is an intrinsic property of matter that remains constant regardless of
location. Weight depends on the gravitational field strength and therefore
changes with location. On the Moon, where gravity is weaker (approximately 1/6
of Earth's), the weight is less, but the mass remains unchanged. Option A is
incorrect because mass does not change. Options C and D are incorrect because
weight changes with location while mass remains constant.
Two forces of 5 N and 12 N act on an object in the same direction. What is the
resultant force?
a. 7 N
b. 17 N
c. 60 N
d. 2.4 N