BIOD 210 Final Exam – Genetics Comprehensive Review 202… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
✓ VERIFIED • 2026 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
BIOD 210 Final Exam – Genetics Comprehensive
Review 2026 UPDATE
Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers
with Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations)
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Full Rationales
Status: Verified & Updated for 2026
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 1
,BIOD 210 Final Exam – Genetics Comprehensive Review 202… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
Questions & Verified Answers
1. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is found in RNA but not in DNA?
A. Adenine
B. Cytosine
C. Uracil
D. Thymine
Answer: C
Rationale: RNA contains Uracil instead of Thymine, which is found in DNA. Exam questions often test the
ability to distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient
outcomes.
2. What is the primary function of DNA polymerase III during replication?
A. Unwinding the double helix
B. Synthesizing new DNA strands by adding nucleotides
C. Sealing nicks between Okazaki fragments
D. Removing RNA primers
Answer: B
Rationale: DNA polymerase III is the main enzyme responsible for synthesizing the new DNA strand in the 5’
to 3’ direction. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and
provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely
related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
3. In a heterozygous individual, which allele is expressed in the phenotype under complete
dominance?
A. The recessive allele
B. Neither allele
C. The dominant allele
D. Both alleles equally
Answer: C
Rationale: In complete dominance, the dominant allele masks the expression of the recessive allele in a
heterozygote. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and
provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely
related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 2
, BIOD 210 Final Exam – Genetics Comprehensive Review 202… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
4. A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is likely a:
A. Sperm cell
B. Somatic cell of a male
C. Zygote
D. Egg cell
Answer: A
Rationale: Gametes (sperm/eggs) are haploid. A sperm can carry either an X or a Y chromosome along with
22 autosomes. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and
provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely
related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
5. What occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle?
A. Cell growth
B. DNA replication
C. Organelle duplication
D. Nuclear division
Answer: B
Rationale: The S (Synthesis) phase is dedicated to replicating the cell’s DNA content. Recognizing this
principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education.
Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear
rationale essential for mastery.
6. Which Mendelian law states that alleles for different traits are distributed to sex cells
independently of one another?
A. Law of Segregation
B. Law of Independent Assortment
C. Law of Dominance
D. Law of Unit Characters
Answer: B
Rationale: The Law of Independent Assortment describes how different genes independently separate from
one another when reproductive cells develop. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care,
anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to
distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 3
✓ VERIFIED • 2026 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
BIOD 210 Final Exam – Genetics Comprehensive
Review 2026 UPDATE
Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers
with Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations)
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Full Rationales
Status: Verified & Updated for 2026
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 1
,BIOD 210 Final Exam – Genetics Comprehensive Review 202… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
Questions & Verified Answers
1. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is found in RNA but not in DNA?
A. Adenine
B. Cytosine
C. Uracil
D. Thymine
Answer: C
Rationale: RNA contains Uracil instead of Thymine, which is found in DNA. Exam questions often test the
ability to distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
Applying this knowledge in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient
outcomes.
2. What is the primary function of DNA polymerase III during replication?
A. Unwinding the double helix
B. Synthesizing new DNA strands by adding nucleotides
C. Sealing nicks between Okazaki fragments
D. Removing RNA primers
Answer: B
Rationale: DNA polymerase III is the main enzyme responsible for synthesizing the new DNA strand in the 5’
to 3’ direction. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and
provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely
related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
3. In a heterozygous individual, which allele is expressed in the phenotype under complete
dominance?
A. The recessive allele
B. Neither allele
C. The dominant allele
D. Both alleles equally
Answer: C
Rationale: In complete dominance, the dominant allele masks the expression of the recessive allele in a
heterozygote. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and
provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely
related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 2
, BIOD 210 Final Exam – Genetics Comprehensive Review 202… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
4. A human cell containing 22 autosomes and a Y chromosome is likely a:
A. Sperm cell
B. Somatic cell of a male
C. Zygote
D. Egg cell
Answer: A
Rationale: Gametes (sperm/eggs) are haploid. A sperm can carry either an X or a Y chromosome along with
22 autosomes. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and
provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely
related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
5. What occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle?
A. Cell growth
B. DNA replication
C. Organelle duplication
D. Nuclear division
Answer: B
Rationale: The S (Synthesis) phase is dedicated to replicating the cell’s DNA content. Recognizing this
principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education.
Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear
rationale essential for mastery.
6. Which Mendelian law states that alleles for different traits are distributed to sex cells
independently of one another?
A. Law of Segregation
B. Law of Independent Assortment
C. Law of Dominance
D. Law of Unit Characters
Answer: B
Rationale: The Law of Independent Assortment describes how different genes independently separate from
one another when reproductive cells develop. Recognizing this principle allows the nurse to prioritize care,
anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education. Exam questions often test the ability to
distinguish this concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 3
