ESL PRAXIS 5362 EXAM PREP
State Motivation Temporary motivation that depends on rewards or penalties.
Comprehensible Input The Language input or data to which a language learner has access.
i+1 Krashen defines comprehensible input as input that is just beyond a learners
present ability
Scaffolding Supporting ELL's through demonstrating, guiding, and teaching in a step by
step process while the ELL is trying to develop language skills.
Levels of Scaffolding Modeling, Shared, Interactive, Guided, Independent
Phonemes speech sounds
Graphemes written symbols
Strategies for Development of Academic English Description, Narration, Classification, Evaluation
Top Down Strategy Emphasis on the global meaning of the test. Title length, typeface, pictures are
studied.
Make guesses as to what's going to happen; anticipate contents of text
Bottom Down Strategy Readers goes from words and phrases to general understanding;
Less Preferred; May read all texts at the same speed
Stages of Reading 1. Pre-Reading (Pre K/K)
2. Initial Reading or alphabet decoding (K-2)
3. Confirmation and Fluency (2-3)
4. Reading to learn(4-8)
5. Multiple pts of view(High School)
6. Construction and Reconstruction (College/Adults)
Alphabet Principal 1. Logographic phase
2. Novice alphabetic phase
3. Mature alphabetic phase
4. Orthographic phase
Cognates Words that mean the same in two different languages
CBA/CBL Approaches (TPR) Total physical response
(DOR) Delayed Oral Response
(OHIC) Optimal habit Reinforcement
* Natural Approach
State Motivation Temporary motivation that depends on rewards or penalties.
Comprehensible Input The Language input or data to which a language learner has access.
i+1 Krashen defines comprehensible input as input that is just beyond a learners
present ability
Scaffolding Supporting ELL's through demonstrating, guiding, and teaching in a step by
step process while the ELL is trying to develop language skills.
Levels of Scaffolding Modeling, Shared, Interactive, Guided, Independent
Phonemes speech sounds
Graphemes written symbols
Strategies for Development of Academic English Description, Narration, Classification, Evaluation
Top Down Strategy Emphasis on the global meaning of the test. Title length, typeface, pictures are
studied.
Make guesses as to what's going to happen; anticipate contents of text
Bottom Down Strategy Readers goes from words and phrases to general understanding;
Less Preferred; May read all texts at the same speed
Stages of Reading 1. Pre-Reading (Pre K/K)
2. Initial Reading or alphabet decoding (K-2)
3. Confirmation and Fluency (2-3)
4. Reading to learn(4-8)
5. Multiple pts of view(High School)
6. Construction and Reconstruction (College/Adults)
Alphabet Principal 1. Logographic phase
2. Novice alphabetic phase
3. Mature alphabetic phase
4. Orthographic phase
Cognates Words that mean the same in two different languages
CBA/CBL Approaches (TPR) Total physical response
(DOR) Delayed Oral Response
(OHIC) Optimal habit Reinforcement
* Natural Approach
