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Q: Which child requires a language referral?
a. 18-month-old who says 5 words
b. 2-year-old who cannot put two words together
c. 3-year-old who speaks in short sentences
d. 4-year-old who stutters occasionally
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
By age 2, children should use 2-word phrases; absence suggests language delay requiring
referral for early intervention. Early intervention improves outcomes for speech and
language disorders.
Q: Sharp color demarcation in a newborn (Harlequin sign) is caused by?
a. Sepsis
b. Immature autonomic nervous system
c. Congenital heart defect
d. Birth trauma
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Harlequin sign is a common, benign newborn finding caused by an immature autonomic
nervous system. It presents as a sharp color demarcation with one side of the body pink
and the other pale. It resolves spontaneously.
,Q: Correct technique for head circumference?
a. Tape around the forehead only
b. Tape over frontal-occipital prominence above eyebrows
c. Tape around the occiput only
d. Tape around the ears
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Proper head circumference measurement requires placing the tape over the frontal-
occipital prominence above the eyebrows, ensuring accurate OFC (occipital-frontal
circumference) measurement for tracking brain growth.
Q: Undescended testicle should be repaired by what age?
a. 3 months
b. 6 months
c. 1 year
d. 2 years
✔️ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Undescended testicle (cryptorchidism) should be repaired by 1 year of age. Delayed repair
increases the risk of infertility and testicular malignancy. Early surgical correction
(orchidopexy) preserves fertility and reduces cancer risk.
Q: Phototherapy works by?
a. Increasing red blood cell production
b. Converting bilirubin into excretable forms
c. Reducing calcium levels
d. Stimulating appetite
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
, Phototherapy converts unconjugated bilirubin into water-soluble isomers that can be
excreted without conjugation in the liver. This is the standard treatment for neonatal
jaundice.
Q: Caput succedaneum finding?
a. Swelling that does not cross suture lines
b. Edema crossing suture lines
c. Bruising on the face
d. Cephalohematoma with firm edges
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Caput succedaneum is soft tissue swelling from birth trauma that crosses suture lines. It
resolves spontaneously within a few days. Cephalohematoma (Option D) does not cross
suture lines.
Q: Expected skill of a 6-month-old?
a. Walking independently
b. Laughing and clapping
c. Saying "mama" specifically
d. Building a tower of blocks
✔️ Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
At 6 months, infants develop social skills such as laughing, smiling, and clapping. They
also sit with support, roll over, and babble consonant-vowel sounds. Walking and specific
speech occur later.
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